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标题: 【揽瓜阁6.0】Day4 2021.03.11【社会科学-旅游、经济】 [打印本页]

作者: 妥妥    时间: 2021-3-10 23:28
标题: 【揽瓜阁6.0】Day4 2021.03.11【社会科学-旅游、经济】
  揽瓜阁俱乐部第六期
  Day4 2021.03.11


【社会科学-旅游】
What will travel look like after the pandemic?
(The Economist-816 字 长精读)

Luggage unpacks how international travel has changed down the ages. Adventurers in the 15th-century age of discovery set sail in galleons loaded to the gunwales with supplies for voyages that might take years. Aristocrats on a “grand tour” in the 18th century trekked around Europe for months in horse-drawn carriages packed with trunks, servants and even furniture. The suitcase arrived at the end of the 19th century when spending several weeks abroad became more common for the wealthy. By the 1970s tourists and executives needed to cart the wherewithal for a few nights away through vast airports. And so the wheelie-bag came to symbolise the era of mass travel.

The rise of the wheelie-bag reflects the falling cost and increasing speed of long-distance travel. Cheaper air fares, rising incomes and more leisure time have made foreign trips routine and a holiday abroad accessible to many in the rich world wishing to escape their daily stress. Travel brings new experiences and memories (or moments to capture on Instagram). And if not every mind is broadened, surely few suffer the opposite effect. As Mark Twain put it, “Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry and narrow-mindedness.”

The ease of travel has not just expanded tourism. As companies have spread across the world so have their workers. Business travel keeps multinational companies and supply chains connected. And the ability to get away has let people spread around the world to work, learn or just have a change of scene. As families have dispersed so has the need to keep in touch or attend weddings and birthday parties in foreign parts. It has brought the world together by allowing family and friends to live farther apart.

Yet until recently few people went far. Travel was slow, difficult and expensive when it relied on wind or horsepower. Steam and railways opened the gates a little wider. But getting far afield even 100 years ago took an ocean liner or airship, a pricey way to go. A first-class cabin on the Titanic in 1912 started at £30 ($3,500 today); a transatlantic ticket on the Hindenburg cost $400 in 1936 (both one-way, as it later turned out). The big surge in international travel came with flying. A train on the trans-Siberian route from Beijing to Moscow takes over five days; a flight around seven hours. Yet the real game-changer was cheaper fares. In 1950 only 25m people took a trip abroad, says the United Nations World Tourism Organisation (unwto). By 2019 the number of trips had grown to 1.5bn (and that excludes migrants, refugees and visits of over a year).

Nearly three-fifths of international travellers arrived and departed by plane in 2019, compared with only 5% by sea and 1% by train, according to unwto. The 35% of travellers crossing borders in a car were mostly Europeans, inhabitants of the world’s largest travel market, taking advantage of their continent’s small size and good roads. Going on holiday is the main motive for travel abroad, accounting for 55% of trips. Business travel made up 11% of the total. Most of the rest was to visit families and friends abroad. Some travel for religious reasons (2m Muslims visit Mecca every year); and around 15m sought medical treatment in 2017.

International travellers have filled tills for hotels, restaurants, car-hire firms and tour operators. Their spending hit $1.5trn in 2019. Before covid-19, travel contributed 4.4% of gdp and 6.9% of employment in the oecd rich-country club. International travel made up 6.5% of global exports in 2019, according to the World Trade Organisation. In all, travel and tourism accounts for over 330m jobs, one in ten of the world’s total, claims the World Travel and Tourism Council (wttc).

Covid-19 has devastated an industry that relies on the freedom of people to move. International travel stopped almost completely between March and May 2020, as four-fifths of countries closed their borders. Forbidden or unable to get around, travellers have stayed put. International arrivals fell by 70-75% in 2020, estimates the unwto, with 1bn fewer travellers and $1.1bn less spending (see chart). That is ten times the shortfall in travel spending in 2009 after the financial crisis. And recovery looks far off, even with effective vaccines. The oecd predicts that tourism will be among the “last sectors of the economy to…recover lost demand”.

It is not all dark clouds, however. Greenhouse-gas emissions by commercial jets plunged in 2020, intensifying debate about how to curtail this pollution permanently. Destinations blighted by overtourism have had a break. And optimists reckon that in the long run the link between growing wealth and the urge to travel will remain unbroken. This report will argue that, for all its high short-term costs, the pandemic may accelerate trends that will eventually make travel both easier and less damaging. Today’s travel industry may have taken a battering—but the new one that emerges could be better than ever.

Source: The Economist


【社会科学-经济】
Social and Political skills have become the real key
( WSY -393 字 短精读)

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Source: WSY


【笔记格式要求】
同学们精读这 2 篇文章并进行笔记打卡

精读笔记格式要求:
1.总结文章中心大意
2.总结分论点或每段段落大意
3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
4.总结文章中的生词
5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间

这里也给大家三点学习小建议哦~
精读:如遇到读不懂的复杂句,建议找出句子主干,分析句子成分,也可以尝试翻译句子来帮助理解~




作者: LostSanta    时间: 2021-3-11 02:27
Language Club 6.0 Day4

红色高亮:生词;难词;易混淆的词

黄色高亮:好的固定搭配;认识但不熟的词
紫色高亮:仍有问题的地方;值得摘录的句子
波浪线:需要注意的结构
淡灰色字体:段落小结

作者: jujujujujudy    时间: 2021-3-11 08:40
What will travel look like after the pandemic?

Main Idea
This article mainly discussed the economic benefits of travel before Covid occurred and how much the travel industry had suffered from Covid-19.

论点/段落大意
P1: Background - how international travel has changed down the ages.

P2-P6: These four paragraphs used detailed statistics to show that how and why people travel around the world before Covid-19 and the tremendous economic value the travellers had created internationally.

P7: Covid-19 has devastated the travel and tourism industry due to the closed borders of countries and the restriction of freedom to travel. The oecd predicts that the travel industry will be among the last sectors of the economy to recover.
Has devastated - negative term → indicate the view in this paragraph is different from the previous paragraphs.

P8: Summary - Discussed the benefits of covid travel restriction and the prospect of future travel industry.
However - indicate the view in this paragraph is different from P7.

印象深刻/优美句子
As Mark Twain put it, “Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry and narrow-mindedness.”

生词
gunwales - n. the upper edge of the side of a boat or ship.
Aristocrats - n. a member of the aristocracy; noble member 贵族
trek around - v. to travel or migrate slowly or with difficulty, especially to hike through rough terrain 跋涉
wherewithal  - n. the money necessary for a particular purpose
Ex: the wherewithal to pay my rent.
wheelie-bag - n. a bag with wheels on the bottom that can be pulled along, especially one used when travelling:
Bigotry - n. the fact of having and expressing strong, unreasonable beliefs and disliking other people who have different beliefs or a different way of life 偏执,顽固
Curtail  - v. to stop something before it is finished, or to reduce or limit something 制止;減少;縮減;限制
Ex: to curtail your holiday/spending
reckon- v.  to think, to believe
Blighted by overtourism - v. to spoil something 破壞,妨害 n. 破坏因素

阅读时间:4:11 mins
总结时间:25 mins
总时间: 30 mins

Social and Political skills have become the real key

Main Idea
美国职场上社交跟政治能力成为了升职的主要因素。若美国公司想要解决职场表现相关的问题,应该考虑将表现和职场晋升挂钩。

论点/段落大意
需要解决的问题 → 研究陈述 → 抛出旧观点+前段研究结果 → 提出解决方案
P1:
Q - American companies may find the solution to their performance related problems.
Study - 在美国职场上,社交跟政治能力成为了升职的主要因素。职场上,短期晋升快速的经理都非常擅长社交,然而而注重效率的经理都比较欠缺这一方面的经验。这些经理们都努力在提高效率跟社交能力之间取得一个平衡。

P2:
Traditional assumption - promotions are based on performance, 但是研究否认了这个假设。
Solution - Formal rewards should be tied to performance. Companies should promote a work-culture that turns effective managers into successful managers and gives the currently successful managers a chance to effectively focus productivity.
转折词:
In effect - indicates the following sentence may hold a different opinion against the last sentence.  
Therefore → indicate the causation

提炼主要句意 - 抓句子主干,除掉modifiers
P1:
American companies find the solution to their performance related problems. A study shows that in the business world, social and political skills have become the real key to getting ahead in organisations. The study found out that successful managers, those who get promoted relatively quickly vs. effective managers, perform day to day activities that are more or less dissimilar to the ones conducted by effective managers or those who have committed subordinates. Accordingly, it comes as no surprise that networking was one activity that topped the list for successful managers but was ranked the lowest in the list of activities performed by the effective ones. Indeed the findings of the study do not negate the reality there are managers who strike a balance between the activities performed by both types of managers and hence are successful and effective at the same time, but the meagre percentage of the manager sample affirms the general divide between successful and effective managers.

P2:
These findings belie the traditional assumption suggested that promotions are based on performance. In effect, the study’s implication affirms the view that people who are not the most accomplished in terms of performing well in the other three key activity areas are being promoted to the top level. Therefore, American companies looking to improve their performance and productivity need to ensure that formal rewards are tied to performance. This way companies will be promoting a work-culture that turns effective managers into successful managers and gives the currently successful managers a chance to effectively focus productivity and not just on socializing and politicking.

印象深刻/优美句子
The study found out that successful managers, those who get promoted relatively quickly vs. effective managers, perform day to day activities that are more or less dissimilar to the ones conducted by effective managers or those who have committed subordinates, in addition to high performing units.

生词
politicking - n. the activity of trying to persuade or even force others to vote for a particular political party or candidate 拉選票
negate the reality - v. to cause something to have no effect 使無效,取消
meagre - adj. very small or not enough    -- Ex: meagre percentage
cynical - adj. believing that people are only interested in themselves and are not sincere 憤世嫉俗的
Plethora of activities - n. a very large amount of something, especially a larger amount than you need, want, or can deal with  過多,過剩

阅读时间:4:11 mins
总结时间:30 mins
总时间: 35 mins

作者: CNJYD    时间: 2021-3-11 12:07
-What will travel look like after the pandemic-
共计44min
大意:全球旅行的发展历史&新冠带来的挑战与机遇
段落:
1. luggage changes international travel
2. luggage reflects cost⬇️speed⬆️
travel brings new mind
3. ease of travel expanded business & families
45. few people until recently (slow,fifficuilt,$)
6. travel: econnomy
7. Covid19 ⬇️travel
8. benefits: environment/ destinations/
new one: better than before
单词:
gunwales n. 船舷上缘
galleons n. 大型帆船
Aristocrats n. 贵族
grand tour(从前英国贵族子女的)遍游欧洲大陆的教育旅行
reckon: spoken to think or suppose something
battering n. 用坏;损坏

-Social and Political skills have become the real key-
共计用时:43min
大意:研究发现network成为很多经理升职的key point,但是能将效率和network平衡的经理少之又少。这和传统观点相悖,美国公司要想提高效率应当考虑将其和正式奖励挂钩。
段落:
1. study: social& political skills=real key,top(successful managers)= lowest(effective managers)
balance:10%
2. ❌traditional assumption:promotion purely on performance
people(not necessary perform well)-top level
因此USA companies: need to ensure rewads-performance
单词:
plethora 过剩,过多overabundance
meagre adj. 瘦的;贫弱的;贫乏的
belie vt. 掩饰;与…不符;使失望
promotion晋升
formal rewards正式的奖励
promotion purely on performance纯绩效晋升
affirm证实
作者: 阿里娜    时间: 2021-3-11 12:10
打卡

作者: Izzieezi    时间: 2021-3-11 12:49
六 Day4


作者: lisafit    时间: 2021-3-11 13:49

作者: Oxcheng2022    时间: 2021-3-11 13:49
Day4
What will travel look like after the pandemic?
1.总结文章中心大意
Travel的历史沿革对社会经济带来的影响,但在疫情中受到重创以及疫情之后会有什么变化

2.总结分论点或每段段落大意

1-6:travel的历史变迁以及带来的社会影响

1)旅行沿革的时间顺序:15世纪的时候西班牙航海需要花很长的时间,18世纪贵族周游欧洲马车上还要带着马车满载着箱子、仆人甚至家具。19世纪手提箱出现了,逐渐在贵族中盛行。到1970,因为要带着资金在机场溜达所以有轮子的行李箱就成为大众旅行用品
2)这种轮式包的流行说明旅行逐渐成为人们避开生活压力etc的一种方式
3)不仅仅是生活,旅行也使得商务出行、在不同地方的亲人之间联系更为方便,使得大家也能离得更远
4)马车太慢,蒸汽车时代来临。在100年前,乘坐远洋客轮或飞艇也是很昂贵的,比如Titanic;后面就是飞机逐渐流行起来。旅行的人越来越多(对比1950-2019)
5)坐飞机的比例和做船坐火车相比更多,欧洲人更喜欢用汽车(原因),然后又对比了人们travel的目的
6)旅游业增加了大量的工作机会和经济收入

7:疫情对travel造成重创
疫情给旅游市场带来重创,unwto认为这是2009年金融危机后旅游支出缺口的十倍。即使有了有效的疫苗,复苏也遥遥无期。

8(转折:however):  疫情之下travel会带来哪些好处以及后续产生的可能性。
但是疫情也不完全带来坏处。商用飞机的减少降低了温室气体排放。过载的旅游业可以稍事休息。但是积极的观点认为随着生活富裕人们对旅游的需求并不会减少。今天的旅游业可能出现了打击,但是对于一些新兴的旅游可能比以前任何时候都要好

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
Adventurers in the 15th-century age of discovery set sail in galleons loaded to the gunwales with supplies for voyages that might take years.

As Mark Twain put it, “Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry and narrow-mindedness.”

 It has brought the world together by allowing family and friends to live farther apart.

International travellers have filled tills for hotels, restaurants, car-hire firms and tour operators.

That is ten times the shortfall in travel spending in 2009 after the financial crisis. And recovery looks far off, even with effective vaccines. 

4.总结文章中的生词
unpacks:解除负担
galleons:西班牙大帆船
set sail in galleons:扬帆启程
gunwales:船缘
Aristocrats:贵族
Ground tour:(从前英国贵族子女的)遍游欧洲大陆的教育旅行
trekked:长途跋涉
wherewithal:必要的资金
mass travel:大众旅行
stayed put:呆在原地

5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
7min
30min




Social and Political skills have become the real key

1.总结文章中心大意
(反驳了一个以前的观点)研究发现晋升快的人不是传统意义上工作表现更好的人,而是那些有社交和政治技能的人。该研究提供了一些现实启示。

2.总结分论点或每段段落大意
第一段:一个独立研究发现,在商业中,社交和政治能力成为商业成功的关键。那些成功,晋升相对较快的的管理人员与那些注重效率的,高执行的管理人员不一样。社交和政治技能作为是那些成功管理人最重要的,但是确实那些高效的管理人最不看重的。但是也并不否认有的管理人能够把这两点平衡的很好。但是仅有10%的管理人能做到。

第二段:这个研究反驳了长久以来的一个观点就是晋升只是看一个人的表现。讽刺的是,这个研究证实了在晋升中,并不是那些在(三要素)中表现好的人得到了晋升。这个研究给了美国公司一个启示,就是要让将晋升和performance联系在一起,而不仅仅只是关注政治和社交技巧。

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
4.总结文章中的生词
Belie:证伪
Meagre: 微薄的
negate:否认

5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
5min
20min

作者: LouisTan    时间: 2021-3-11 14:09
311打卡
p1-【社会科学-旅游】What will travel look like after the pandemic?
阅读时间:6min, 总结时间:30min
文章大意:
先讲了travel的发展:成本更低,速度更快,走的更远,旅行的人更多,带动旅游业发展。随后讲到covid-19对旅游业的重创。但是也有好处:温室气体排放减少,过度旅游刹车;新冠也加速了未来旅游业的变革: 更容易,损害更小。


1. travel changed from 15th century to 1970s.
2. more travels--- new experiences and memories
3. ease of travel---business, families and friends.
4. travel far: wind and horse-->train-->flight
5. travel by planes increase,
travel abroad: holiday, business, visit families and friends, religious reason, medical
6. travel--tourism: spending, global exports, jobs
7. covid-19---tourism: few travelers, less spending,
8. however: g-gas plunge, overtourism break, accelerate trends


生词:
voyage, n, v, 航行,航海。carriage, n, 马车。trunk, n, 树干,汽车车尾的行李箱。wherewithal, n, 必要的资金。wheelie-bag, n, 带滑轮的行李箱。till, n, 放钱的抽屉。shortfall, n, 差额,不足。reckon, v, 猜想,估计。in the long run, 长远来看。battering, n, 重创。




p2-Social and political skills have become the real key
阅读时间:5min, 总结时间:45min
文章大意:
研究发现成功的管理者拥有 社交和政治技能,这是他们成功的关键。这个发现证明了传统观点是错误的。有一些美国公司正在寻求改变。


1. 成功的经理和高效的经理相比,
1>social and political skills, 2>将networking放在重要的位置
不可否认,有管理者将上述两种管理者的activities平衡,但是比例很少;这也反应了两种管理者的普遍差异。

2. 这个发现证明传统观点是错的:即晋升只跟工作表现有关。
这个发现证明了一个愤世嫉俗的观点:在3个方面表现不是最好的人被提拔了。所以,想要提高生产力的美国公司,需要确保升职和工作表现挂钩。
这样做的好处:
effective manager-->successful manger,
successful manger-->effectively focus on productivity


生词:
negate, v, n, 否定,取消, 对立面。meagre, adj, 数量很少的,不足的,贫乏的。belie, v, 证明是错的,掩饰,使失望。plethora, n, 过剩,过多。


长难句分析:
S1:
The study found out that successful managers, (those who get promoted relatively quickly VS effective managers), perform day to day activities [that are more or less dissimilar to the ones (conducted by effective managers or those who have satisfied, committed subordinates, in addition to high performing unites).]
1>主句主干:the study found out that… 后面都是宾语从句内部的内容
2>宾语从句主干:managers perform activities…
3>2个逗号之间(those who…) 是定语从句作插入语
4>[that are more…unites.] 定语从句,修饰activities
5>定语从句中有一个比较。that代指activities做主语, 比较对象是后面的ones;ones指代effective managers的activities, 即前面successful managers的activities和后面effective managers的activities进行比较
6>定语从句中(conducted by effective managers…)是done短语做定语后置,修饰ones.
7>这个done后置定语里面又嵌套了一个定语从句who have…, 修饰前面的those, those代指前面的effective mangers.

句子语义:
研究发现,成功的经理,即比有效率的经理晋升更快的经理,进行的日常活动跟有效率的经理进行的活动相比,除了高效的团结之外,有或多或少的差异。


S2:
Accordingly, it comes as no surprise {that networking, which consists of socializing or politicking and interacting with others, was one activity [that, (out of the core four activities among the plethora of activities performed by managers), topped the list for successful managers but was ranked the lowest in the list of activities performed by the effective ones.]}
1>it做形式主语,主语是后面的that从句。主句主干:{that…} comes as no surprise.
2>{}从句主干是 networking was one activity
3>[that, out of…, effective ones] 是定语从句,修饰activity
4>定语从句主干是 that topped… but was ranked…
4>定语从句中,两个逗号之间(out of the… by managers) 是介词短语作插入语,修饰前面的that,即activity
5>performed by the effective ones是done后置定语,修饰activities

句子语义:
因此,毫不奇怪的是,由社交或政治活动以及与其他人互动组成的网络,是一项不在管理人员执行的大量活动中的核心四项活动之内的活动。该活动在成功的经理人列表中名列前茅,但在有效的经理人执行的活动列表中排名最低。


S3:
Indeed the findings of the study do not negate the reality {that there are managers [who strike a balance between the activities (performed by both types of managers) and hence are successful and effective at the same time]}, but the meagre percentage [such managers formed of the study’s sample], (barely ten percent), affirms the general divide between successful and effective managers.
1>整个主句主干:findings do not negate the reality, but percentage affirms the general divide
2>{that there are…same time} 是同位语从句,做reality的同位语
3>同位语从句的主干:there are managers
4>同位语从句中[who strike…same time] 是定语从句,修饰manages
5>定语从句的主干:who strike…and hence are…
6>后面but另起一个句子,主干是percentage affirms the general divide
7>[such managers…sample] 是定语从句,修饰percent, 前面省略了that
8>两个逗号之间(barely ten percent) 是前面percent的同位语,做插入语
9>最后面between…and 是介词短语修饰divide

句子语义:
确实,研究的结果并不能否定这样的事实:有些经理在两种类型的经理执行的活动之间取得平衡,因此在同一时间既成功又有效,但是这种经理在研究样本中所占的比例很小,只有不到百分之十,这个比例肯定了成功和有效经理人之间的普遍差异。



S4:
In effect, the study’s implications affirm the cynical, (yet what now seems real), view {that people [who are not necessarily the most accomplishing in terms of performing well in the other three key activity areas, namely communication, traditional management, and human resource management], are being promoted to the top level.}
1>主句主干:implications affirm view
2>两个逗号之间是插入语 (yet what now seems real), 跟前面cynical有个对比,cynical view, 愤世嫉俗的观点
3>{that people…top level} 是同位语从句,做view的同位语
4>同位语从句中,主干是people are being promoted
5>[who are…management] 是定语从句,修饰people

句子语义:
实际上,该研究证实了一个愤世嫉俗,但现在看来似乎是真实的观点:在其他三个关键活动领域(即沟通,传统管理和人力资源管理)中,表现并不是最好的人,被提拔到高级别。





作者: MMMMel    时间: 2021-3-11 14:23
ddd
作者: 英俊子遥想明天    时间: 2021-3-11 15:27
社会科学--旅游
文章大意:从古至今旅游业的发展,和新冠对旅游业的负面影响和正向的预测。
段落大意:1、从古至今,旅程的演变体现在行李的变化:多变少
2、旅游能够扩充视野和知识
3、旅行成本下降也促进商业和家庭朋友联系的全球化
4、旅游发展受到新冠的严重影响,而且恢复仍然遥遥无期【负】
5、【正】但这对环境好且这次pandemic有可能会推进旅游产业的优化

Unpacking打开;分析、披露 down the ages从古至今 galleon大型帆船 trek长途跋涉 wherewithal做某事需要的钱(后跟修饰) cart运送( By the 1970s tourists and executives needed to cart the wherewithal for a few nights away through vast airports.)  wheelie-bag拉杆包  reckon预计、猜想 blight毁坏、枯萎(Destinations blighted by overtourism have had a break. 被过度旅游所毁坏的环境命运有了转机)

7min/20min

社会科学-经济
文章大意:一个新研究发现effective经理和successful经理工作侧重点不一样,为了使公司进步,作者建议公司应该将晋升和performance挂钩,让effective经理去社交,让successful经理多注重productivity。
段落大意:1、总起:公司应该要关注自家经理来寻找提升performance的方法。+展开:一个研究:研究将经理分成了两个阵营:successful经理(注重社交)和effective经理(埋头干活)+己方限制:但其实也有两个都干得很好的经理,比例很小罢了
2、研究的影响:之前公司以为得到晋升的都是有好performance的,但实际上那些都是注重社交的老油条,因此给公司提出建议:晋升要和performance挂钩,让effective经理全面发展,让successful经理好好干活。

Negate否定 meagre思想贫瘠的 meagre percentage比例小 belie掩饰,与……不符
5min/25min
作者: Xincinvictory    时间: 2021-3-11 16:28
第一篇
文章中心:主要介绍了旅游的发展史及新冠肺炎对旅游事业现在以及未来的影响。
1-5从时间、发展要素、目前状况等因素介绍国际旅行
第一段:简要介绍国际旅行发展历史
第二段:价格降低、长距离旅行耗时变短、旅行带来的美好体验加速了富裕国家跨国旅行的发展
第三段:交通的方便促进了旅游业、Business travel 以及国际探亲的发展
第四段:近年来,交通工具的发展促进交通费用的降低,而交通费用的降低是促进旅游业发展的关键因素。
第五段:列举2019年旅行交通工具的占比及旅行目的的分布
5-8对比疫情前后国际旅行的情况,并介绍其影响、展望。
第六段:疫情前,国际旅行业务的迅速扩展情况。
第七段:疫情对国际旅行带来沉重打击,以及恢复艰难。
第八段:疫情的部分好处:减少了污染,旅游景点得以修整,促进短距离旅行发展

句型:And if not every mind is broadened, surely few suffer the opposite effect.
如果不是每个人的思维都开阔了,那么肯定会有少数人受到相反的影响。

galleons西班牙大帆船
gunwales 舷缘

第二篇
文章中心:介绍了社交及政治手腕成为了决定管理者晋升的首要因素,作者呼吁将工作效率作为晋升的考量因素。
第一段:介绍实验成果,社交及政治手腕成为人们晋升的关进因素,该类型人在工作效率方面并没有那么好,并且很少有人能够在两者中进行平衡。
第二段:影响是苹果业绩时,社交及政治手腕成为主要评估对象,呼吁人们把工作效率作为考虑因素,这对两种类型的管理者都有好处。

作者: Alex_xuan    时间: 2021-3-11 17:32
day 4打卡,今天的wsy真好

作者: 沈烤鸡过700    时间: 2021-3-11 17:34
打卡!

作者: 123Better    时间: 2021-3-11 17:40
day4

作者: meow-1    时间: 2021-3-11 17:51
p1-【社会科学-旅游】What will travel look like after the pandemic?
阅读时间:8min, 总结时间:30min
文章大意:
先讲了travel的发展:成本更低,速度更快,走的更远,旅行的人更多,带动旅游业发展。随后讲到covid-19对旅游业的重创。但是也有好处:温室气体排放减少,过度旅游刹车;新冠也加速了未来旅游业的变革: 更容易,损害更小。
1. 旅游工具改变的历史
2. 越来越多的人travel及好处和坏处
3. 旅行越来越方便,对商业,家庭等影响
4. 票价降低使得更多人travel
5. 旅游对经济的贡献和占比
7. covid-19对旅游业巨大打击,
8. 好处,温室气体排放,不会旅游人数过多,以后会更好
生词:
voyage, n, v, 航行,航海。carriage, n, 马车。trunk, n, 树干,汽车车尾的行李箱。wherewithal, n, 必要的资金。wheelie-bag, n, 带滑轮的行李箱。till, n, 放钱的抽屉。shortfall, n, 差额,不足。reckon, v, 猜想,估计。in the long run, 长远来看。battering, n, 重创。
好句子:
And if not every mind is broadened, surely few suffer the opposite effect. As Mark Twain put it, “Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry and narrow-mindedness.”
The oecd predicts that tourism will be among the “last sectors of the economy to…recover lost demand”

阅读时间:5min, 总结时间:25min
文章大意:
研究发现成功的管理者拥有 社交和政治技能,这是他们成功的关键。这个发现证明了传统观点是错误的。有一些美国公司正在寻求改变。
1. 成功的经理高效的经理相比更注重社交,政治

2. 这个发现证明传统观点是错的:即晋升只跟工作表现有关。想要提高生产力的美国公司,需要确保升职和工作表现挂钩。
生词:
。meagre, adj, 数量很少的,不足的,贫乏的。belie, v, 证明是错的,掩饰,使失望。plethora, n, 过剩,过多。

作者: 清秋夜雨    时间: 2021-3-11 18:47
第一篇
1.        文章介绍了旅游业的发展轨迹,对社会的重要性和面临的挑战与机遇
感觉没有什么主旨
2.        第一部分介绍旅游业的历史
第二部分介绍旅游业对社会经济的重要性 各种占比
第三部分陈述了疫情对旅游业的影响以及后续发展
3.
Galleon  n.西班牙帆船
Voyages  n./v.航行
Trekked  v.长途跋涉
Vast  adj.庞大的
Afield  adv.在野外
Intensifying  v.使增强
Battering  n./v.猛击
阅读时间 8mins 总结时间 12mins








第二篇
1.        文章提出了一个反常现象,研究发现networking是升职的关键而不是生产力
2.        第一段讲了研究发现社交和拉拢让一些职业经理升职比高效的职业经理更快
第二段讲了这研究与传统观念相悖,美国公司需要解决这个问题,要将生产力与升职挂钩
3.
Politicking  n./v. 政治活动; (尤指)拉拢活动
Accordingly  adv.因此
Plethora  n.过多
Plethora  adj.少量且劣质的
4. Accordingly, it comes as no surprise that networking, which consists of socializing or politicking and interacting with others, was one activity that, out of the core four activities among the plethora of activities performed by managers, topped the list for successful managers but was ranked the lowest in the list of activities performed by the effective ones.

阅读时间 4mins 总结时间 15mins

作者: LindsayPark    时间: 2021-3-11 19:02
第四天打卡~

作者: famerica    时间: 2021-3-11 19:06
day4

作者: Ataitaitai    时间: 2021-3-11 19:47
【第1篇】
1.总结文章中心大意:
文章通过描述旅行的发展和带来的经济效益与疫情后做对比,认为疫情为旅行带来严重的影响。
2.总结分论点或每段段落大意
        1-3:描述旅行的发展史:随着科技的不断升级旅行也蓬勃发展,为许多行业带来经济,社会等好处
        4:对比以往和现在旅行的成本
        5:描述旅行者的旅行目的和旅行工具的占比
        6:描述旅行在世界经济中的占比和带来的结果。
        7-8:对比疫情后与之前的数据,疫情给旅行带来严重影响,并对未来旅行的趋势做出预测
3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
And the ability to get away has let people spread around the world to work, learn or just have a change of scene. As families have dispersed so has the need to keep in touch or attend weddings and birthday parties in foreign parts.

The 35% of travellers crossing borders in a car were mostly Europeans, inhabitants of the world’s largest travel market, taking advantage of their continent’s small size and good roads.
4.总结文章中的生词
unpack v. 打开包裹;分析;卸下……       bigotry n. 偏执;顽固;盲从  
afield adv. 在远方地;遥远地    trek  v. 艰苦跋涉;远足,徒步旅行                     transatlantic adj. 大西洋两岸国家的          battering n. 重创;连续打击
wherewithal n. 必要的资金         fatal adj. 致命的;重大的;毁灭性的;命中注定的
5.记录阅读时间4min 总结时间15min 总时间: 19min



【第2篇】
1.总结文章中心大意:
研究证明社会和政治技能在管理者的晋升过程中是十分重要的
2.总结分论点或每段段落大意
        1:通过研究发现社会和政治技能在管理者晋升过程中是重要的,不同类型的管理者对这两个技能的态度是不同的。
        2:作者对研究结果的态度并给出了对如何晋升以工作为重心的管理者的方法。
3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子:
The study found that successful managers, those who get promoted relatively quickly as well as effective managers, perform day to day activities that are more or less dissimilar to the ones conducted by effective managers or those who have satisfied, committed subordinates, in addition to high performing units.
In effect, the study’s implications affirm the cynical, yet what now seems real, view that people who are not necessarily the most accomplishing in terms of performing well in the other three key activity areas, namely communication, traditional management, and human resource management, are being promoted to the top level.
4.总结文章中的生词:
affirm  v 肯定;断言             belie vt. 掩饰;与…不符;使失望
subordinate  n. 部属,下属,下级        cynical  adj. 愤世嫉俗的;冷嘲的
negate   vt. 否定;取消
5.记录阅读时间3min、总结时间: 15min、总时间:19min



作者: 菅直男    时间: 2021-3-11 20:14
Day4
What will travel look like after the pandemic?
1.总结文章中心大意
Travel的在不同时代的变化,及在疫情打击下旅游业的现状和未来分析

2.总结分论点或每段段落大意

1-6:Travel的在不同时代的变化,从前到现在,旅行的麻烦(行李、随从、消耗时间、交通工具问题)越来越少,已经可以在旅途中享受更多的闲暇
7:原本旅游业催生了一条庞大的产业链,而疫情对整个产业链造成重创,即使有了有效的疫苗,复苏也遥遥无期。
8:转折:疫情带来的好处:①减少商业旅游造成的温室气体排放。②过载的旅游点可以take a break。③人们财富和旅游的欲望持续积累,可能会在未来催生一个更好的旅游业。

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry and narrow-mindedness.
That is ten times the shortfall in travel spending in 2009 after the financial crisis. And recovery looks far off, even with effective vaccines.

4.总结文章中的生词
unpacks:揭示
galleons:西班牙大帆船,盖伦船
gunwales:船缘
Aristocrats:贵族
Ground tour:(从前英国贵族子女的)遍游欧洲大陆的教育旅行
trekked:长途跋涉
wherewithal:必要的资金
wheelie-bag: 轮式包
stayed put:呆在原地bigotry :固执
narrow-mindedness:目光短浅
refugees  难民
Mecca  麦加
tills  收银台
plunge 跳水
curtail  缩减
blight   破坏、枯萎
reckon  猜想
pandemic  大型流行病

5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
11min
30min



文2:
Social and Political skills have become the real key

1.总结文章中心大意
研究表明,成功的经理不是高效的经理,而是精通社交和政治技能,这美国公司自身有些问题,也提供了改善问题一些启发

2.总结分论点或每段段落大意
第一段:研究表明,对比工作高效的经理,精通社交和政治技能的经理更容易获得成功和晋升。而不到10%的经理兼具高效和政治社交技能,这不影响试验结果。

第二段:研究结果与传统观点相悖,工作表现好的经理比不过精通社交和政治技能的,讽刺的是,不具备管理三要素的经理也能通过社交、政治而得到晋升(Top)。
这启发了美国公司应该把晋升制度与工作表现关联起来。

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
4.总结文章中的生词
Belie:证伪
Meagre: 微薄的
negate:否认

5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
6min
10min


作者: Charlotte50    时间: 2021-3-11 20:27
Day4

What will travel look like after the pandemic
阅读笔记:
        1. Luggage >> changes in international travel:
15th galleons & voyages >>gunwales (?) take yrs
18th horse & trunks, servants & furniture >> EU months
19th suitcase, for wealth, weeks
1970s wheelie bag, mass travel, few nights
        2. ↓ $ & ↑speed of LD Travel≫ ↑wbag
↓aire fares, ↑income, ↑leisure time≫
↑accessibility of foreign trip routine & outbound travel , for stress relieving
Travel ≫ experience & memories or IG moments

        3. Ease of tourism: ↑tourism,  ↑internatioanl business , ↑world^′ s connection

        4. Before: few people went far, due to poor transportation ( wind, horse, train)
                100 yrs ago, ocean liner and airship, pricy! (gave examples)
                Big surge in International Trip: flying
                Real game changer: cheaper fares
               
        5. 3/5 of international tourists travel by plane in 2019, 5% by sea and 1%by train
        35% of traveler crossing broader by car is from EU ≪ continental advantage & G road construction  
       
        6. International travelers boost local economy > ↑local employment
        7. Impacts of covid19: #tourist ↓70−75%, ↓travel $, worse than FC.
        8. However, good for destination's eco recovery.
        Covid19: made travel easier and less damaging

Author: holding a optimistic view towards travel industry

文章大意:
作者通过列举不同时期的旅游方式, 对国际旅游的发展史进行回顾,表明国际旅游的蓬勃发展源于出行工具的日益便利,出行成本降低,人们有更多的储蓄和时间以投入到旅游中。旅游业的发展不仅使人们的出行成本大大降低,使得世界联系更加紧密, 也促进了旅游目的地的经济发展。 虽然各项数据表明covid19对旅游业有及其大和负面的影响,但旅游业会抓住这个机遇,开启新的篇章。

段落大意:
        1. 从行李回顾国际旅游的发展史
        2. 解释旅游业发展的各项因素: falling cost, rising income, ,more time , psychological needs (stress, broaden mind)
        3. 解释旅游业发展的好处
        4. 解释交通工具的发展对于旅游业发展的帮助
        5. 列举和比较不同的出行方式和出行目的
        6. 解释旅游业发展对当地经济的好处
        7. 引出新冠疫情对于旅游业的负面影响
        8. 最后引出观点,尽管旅游复苏困难重重, 旅游业已蓄势待发。


句子摘抄:
And if not every mind is broadened, surely few suffer the opposite effect.
(很喜欢这个句子)需要根据上文理解。Travel brings new experiences and memories (or moments to capture on Instagram). 旅游能为人们带来新的体验和记忆。如果不是每个人都能拥有开阔的眼界,旅游至少能让少一些人因为见识短浅承受不好的影响。

As Mark Twain put it, “Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry and narrow-mindedness.”
旅行对于偏见、偏执和心胸狭窄是致命的

Yet until recently few people went far.
倒装句:直到最近之前,只有少部分人走到过远方。

Today’s travel industry may have taken a battering—but the new one that emerges could be better than ever.
当下的旅游业也许承受到了巨大的打击,但待行业修整过后重新出发,新的面貌会比以往任何时候都要更好。
阅读时间:8mins, 整理时间:20mins

生词:
Gunwales n. [船]舷缘
Fatal adj. 致命的
Horsepower 马力 (功率单位)


Social and Political skills have become the real key
阅读笔记:
        1. Study: social & political skills >> successful manager's advantage.
        Successful manager (sm) v.s effective manager (em): disimilar
        - Sm get promote quickly, good at networking
        - Em not good at networking
        2. The findings against the typical performance-metric for promotion: × perform well BUT good at mgm, commu & HRM. Hence, US comps need to ensure promotion ties to performance rather than other three. >>  ↑performance & productivity.

中心大意:
本文指出当下美国一些公司在人才提拔方面的问题。 人才选拔不是根据经理的业绩表现,而是更多地依据经理的社交能力。作者表示这样的选拔依据不利于公司的运作和生产力的提升,建议重新以业绩表现作为选拔的标准。
段落大意:
        1. 指出当下一些公司中存在两种经理, 一种升值速度快,善于社交,但表现并不亮眼。相反,另一种经理工作表现好,有衷心的下属,但社交能力不占优
        2. 指出依据人际关系和社交能力的选拔系统不利于公司的发展和生产力,建议公司以工作业绩作为主要判断依据。

句子摘抄:
American companies may find the solution to their performance related problems in their own backyard.
美国一些公司应该从自己身上找寻解决公司业绩问题的方法。

Indeed the findings of the study do not negate the reality that there are managers who strike a balance between the activities performed by both types of managers and hence are successful and effective at the same time, but the meagre percentage such managers formed of the study's sample, barely ten percent, affirms the general divide between successful and effective managers.
        - Strike a balance between 在。。。之间达成平衡
        - Meagre adj. 贫乏的
        - Affirm vt. 断定, 确定

阅读时间:5mins 整理时间:20 mins
作者: vivianjy    时间: 2021-3-11 20:40
第一篇
Travel发展带动了旅游业。现今疫情对旅游业重创,但也有好处,旅游业会变得更好。

成本在降低,远距离旅行速度在提升。旅行可以带来新的经验与记忆。
出行便利不光拓展了旅游业,对商务出差,亲友聚会等都带来了便利。
出国成本下降,人数上升。
做飞机出行认出占比35%。自驾出国的大部分是欧洲人。
国际旅客主要的开支在吃住租车观光,这些费用贡献了大部分GPD。
2020年,疫情让人们无法旅行,因此国际旅游下降了70-75%,期待疫苗后旅游业恢复。
现金旅游业可能正在遭受重创,但疫情会让他变得更好。

Luggage unpacks        行李开箱
sail in galleons        大帆船航行
gunwales        舷窗
voyages        航程
Aristocrats        贵族
grand tour        盛大之旅
trekked        跋涉
horse-drawn carriages        马拉车
art the wherewithal        钱财


用时30min

第二篇

研究现实在商业世界,社会政治能力是通往组织上游的钥匙,是成功管理者的优势。但能将社交和效率像平衡的管理者很少。
美国公司需要他们的表现和产出与回馈如升职挂钩,成功管理者改变原来只看重社会政治能力,而专注在高效产出。


Backyard        后院
Organisation        组织
Committed subordinates        承诺下属
Plethora        过多
Negate        否定
Strike        罢工
Meagre        微薄
Affirms        申明
Cynical         愤世嫉俗的
Politicking        政治化

总用时:30min

作者: Noellee    时间: 2021-3-11 20:49
3.11
泛读:10分钟
Main idea:Before the covid-19,people always are fond of travelling for kinds of reasons,but because of the pandemic many tourism suffer from the winter and it is difficult for them to recovery.
分论点:1.the long history of travelling.
2.although travelling is very common today, majority of people don not tend to travel far because of the expensive cost.
3.people travel for different reasons, which give the flourish of the economy environment.
4.it is very difficult for travel to recovery especially after the pandemic.
5.after the pandemic, the high short-term costs will possibly become easier and cheap, and it may be better than ever.
生词:
Luggage 行李
Gunwales鲸鱼
Voyages航程
Supplies补给品
Aristocrats贵族
Trekked跋涉
Vast广阔的
Symbolise象征
Era时代
Bigotry偏执
multinational 跨国
Steam蒸汽
Afield场
Transatlantic跨大西洋
Religious宗教的
Sought寻求
Tills耕种
Devastated毁坏
Oecd经合组织
plunged in陷入
intensifying加剧
curtail 消减
blighted秕
battering打击
permanently永久
galleons 大帆船
scene场面
dispersed分散的
excludes排除
motive动机
tills耕种

好句:
This report will argue that, for all its high short-term costs, the pandemic may accelerate trends that will eventually make travel both easier and less damaging.

Social and political skills have become the mireal key
泛读:10分钟;总结:15分钟
Main idea: successful managers do well in the socializing and politicking, but do not focus on the productivity. American companies should try to balance these skills for the managers.
分论点:
1.networking was one activity that the successful managers put top on their to-do list.
2.although socializing is very important, managers should have good performance and politicking skills at the same time.
生词:
Committed 忠诚的;坚定的
Subordinate 下级的、次要的
Negate 使无效、取消
Meagre 很少的、不足的
Affirm证实、确认、断言
Assumption假定、假设
Implication 暗指、暗示
Cynical愤世嫉俗的
Socializing参加社交活动
Politicking 拉选票
好句:
Accordingly, it comes as no surprise that networking, which consists of socializing or politicking and interacting with others, was one activity that, out of the core four activities among the  plethora of activities performed by managers, topped the list for successful managers but was ranked the lowest in the list of activities performed by the effective ones.

作者: 半日大哥    时间: 2021-3-11 21:06
打卡[attach]258854[/attach]

作者: Carlisler    时间: 2021-3-11 21:07
Day 4 打卡

作者: yyking625    时间: 2021-3-11 21:09
【文章】
第一段:
背景:行李反映国际旅行的变迁。
galleons (gunwales ys)——carriage 18th (trunks )——suitcase 19th 
17th 的大规模旅行,携带必需品的需求,促成 w bag 出现。
第二段:
上述背景产生的原因:w bag ← travel cost ↓ speed ↑ leisure time ↑
travel (﹢)exp, memo, mind,→ 不公
第三段:
展开上文的转向论述:travel (+)→ business 扩, family 可以apart
第四段:
怪事:为啥travel好,travel也便宜了,直到最近才go far。← 解释怪事:慢,贵,火车班轮 & eg. ——flying——cheaper fares (real game changer )
第五段:
展开新话题:travel的类型
第六段:
travellers ↑ spending ↑ jobs
第七段:
Covid 19 × move × tourism recover
第八段:
转折:travel ban除了不好的事还是好事。
G gas ↓ overtourism ↓ ——使永久。
富裕并不必然导致旅行 travel → easier & × damaging 
让步再回来,travel could be better

【单词】
galleons 大帆船
gunwales 船舷上边
aristocrats 贵族
trek 艰难跋涉
trunks 箱子
wherewithal 必要的资金
wheelie bag 提包?
dispersed 散步的
afield 去野外,在远处
far off 久远的
plunge 突然下落
blight 摧残
battering 重创 连续打击

【时间】
第一次阅读时间6,整理15分钟,共计21分钟

【文章】
第一段:
作者观点:可以发现绩效表现的解决方案。
展开例子,研究表明:s & p skills (+)getting ahead,继续用比较突出中心:suc manager ×= effective managers,旧信息,继续说,s & p (+)suc ×= effective
作者结论:
让步尽管有可以兼顾的,转折,divide suc & effective
第二段:
作者观点,继续展开:performance与成功不一致。com & management & hr 不是最好,但是top level。
推论:promotion = performance
s & p (﹣)

【生词】
plethora 过剩,过多
meagre 贫乏的
belie 与……不符,违背
cynical 讽刺的

【时间】
第一次阅读时间3分30秒,整理15分钟,共计18分钟30秒

作者: HiEdison    时间: 2021-3-11 21:12
第一篇 (Time: 7m 21s+30m)
Subject: introduction of tourism’s development & analysis of impacts of COVID-19 on tourism
Sub-points:
P 1-6 Introduction of tourism’s development
-        The history/development of tourism (reflected by luggage): 15c start-->18c aristocrats’ grand tour-->20c few nights
-        The trend of tourism: cost↓ distance↑the increasing ease of travel expanded tourism, business travel, interpersonal relationship development
-        In the past, travel traffic was both expensive and time-consuming (the author gave some examples).
Nowadays, travel traffic is booming rapidly (also gave examples), and most of the international travel is by plane > cars (Europe)>sea>train
-        The significant economic status of tourism: create jobs, contribute to global exports, and so on
P 7-8 The impact of COVID-19 on tourism
-        Negative: international arrivals↓, less spending↓, recovery is difficult
-        Positive: curtail pollution, protect destinations, promote a healthier development way of tourism

Vocabulary:
wheelie-bag 轮式包
till 收银机,钱柜
blight  v.破坏
bigotry 固执
wherewithal 所需物资 (尤指资金)

Good Expression Collection:
International travellers have filled tills for hotels.【till原来还有收银机,钱柜的意思!】好的 知道了 以后如果想表达“赚得盆满钵满”,除了塞满荷包之外 还可以说塞满收银机^ ^
马克吐温的这句话也很喜欢:“Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry, and narrow-mindedness.”

第二篇(Time: 4mins+45 mins)
Subject: 一项经管学的研究及其带来的启示。研究内容:人际交往技能最强的manager(successful)≠最有成就的manager(effective)。
Sub-points:
P1. Finding
- Social and political skills have been increasingly important in today's business world.
- Comparison between successful managers & effective managers
- Networking skill is in suc mag but in effe managers
P2.
- These findings belie the traditional wisdom.
- The finding believe that managers who perform best in communication, traditional mgt, and HRM can be promoted to the top-level (instead of managers who are most accomplishing).
- The finding shed light on the organizational mgt: successful managers and effective managers should improve themselves by studying each other's fileds.
Good Expression Collection/ Complex Sentence Analysis:
The study found out that successful managers, those who get promoted relatively quickly vis-a-vis effective managers, perform day-to-day activities that are more or less dissimilar to the ones conducted by effective managers of those who have satisfied, committed subordinates, in addition to high performing units.
研究发现:successful manager比effective manager晋升快,这两种manager的daily work稍有不同,Effective manager通常都有satisfied and committed subordinates和高产出工作。
(这句话难就难在(我可能理解错了555)一层套一层 贼多的修饰:俩those who, activities that are, 让人有点晕, 我想了好久第二个of those who的antecedent是谁 晕了)

Indeed, the findings of the study do not negate the reality that there are managers who strike a balance between the activities performed by both types of managers and hence are successful and effective at the same time, but the meager percentage of such managers formed of the study's sample, barely ten percent, affirms the general divide between successful and effective managers.
Findings并不否认有些贼牛的managers可以在successful and effective之间达到平衡。但由于牛牛很少(只有10%),所以我们还是可以generally把manager分成successful and effective managers两类。

In effect, the study's implications affirm the cynical, yet what now seems real, view that people who are not necessarily the most accomplishing in terms of performing well in the other three key activity areas, namely communication, traditional mgt, and HRM, are being promoted to the top level.
句子核心想表达的是:这项study证实了【在这三项技能(communication, traditional mgt, and HRM)上表现最出色的≠最accomplishing的。而在这三项技能表现最出色的,是能被提升到最高级别的】 (俺琢磨了半天being promoted to the top level到底是在说谁??现在还是没搞懂,蹲蹲大佬的笔记分析)

Vocabulary:
vis-a-vis与…相较
politicking 政治活动(尤指拉选票)
plethora 过多过剩
affirm 公开证实
belie 掩饰,与…不符
cynical 冷嘲热讽的
in effect实际上

可能的出题点(cr: Judy,这个部分是被她的笔记启发哒 俺好喜欢看Judy的笔记嘎嘎嘎 好有逻辑^ ^):
-        过去传统观念认为哪种人最有可能被promote?(第二段第一句)
-        这个study imply了什么/有什么practical meaning? (最后一句)
-        以下关于successful managers/ effective managers的说法,哪一项是对的?(第一段中间,successful manager比effective manager晋升快)




作者: 咖喱团    时间: 2021-3-11 21:15
Day 4~打卡~




作者: SerendipityMona    时间: 2021-3-11 21:17
day 4 打卡

作者: 鸡麦过儿    时间: 2021-3-11 21:43
day 4 打卡

作者: 再战请勿拦    时间: 2021-3-11 21:44
今日份强劳动来自从图片中摘好长好长的句子。
今日份小开心:好像直到自己阅读的问题在哪里了,就是在前几句的时候如果碰到了一个半个生词就会开始慌、走神、怀疑人生……尽管其实这些词并不一定会影响最终理解。

作者: Chloe_gogogo!    时间: 2021-3-11 22:09
day 4

作者: Chloe_gogogo!    时间: 2021-3-11 22:10
再战请勿拦 发表于 2021-3-11 21:44
今日份强劳动来自从图片中摘好长好长的句子。
今日份小开心:好像直到自己阅读的问题在哪里了,就是在前几 ...

是的哦,加油!今天我也发现了同样的问题哈哈
作者: ytfmj    时间: 2021-3-11 22:24
day4打卡
作者: 700冲阿    时间: 2021-3-11 22:37
Day4
作者: Aidenhello    时间: 2021-3-11 22:38
Day 4:2021.3.11

作者: 英语爱我我爱英语    时间: 2021-3-11 22:45
Day4打卡

作者: SwaggyEric    时间: 2021-3-11 22:45
第一篇
旅游数量减少的好处:温室气体排放减少,被游客伤害到的地区得以恢复,长期来看旅客会变得更理智,未来的旅游会更加便宜便捷
时间:七分二十秒
文章大意:与历史的旅行方式做对比,现如今的旅游不仅更方便也更加便捷便宜,旅游的人数显著上升。文章后半部分分析新冠病毒给旅游业带来的冲击跟好处,预测了未来形势。
1.        描述历史上旅游的方式
2.        近代行李箱的发明使长途旅行更便利实惠
3.        旅游业的发展促进了全球就业
4.        曾经的旅游十分昂贵且花费时间很长,而现在的飞机大大的缩短了时间。费用的下降很重要,显著增加了旅途数量
5.        用数据侧面证明旅行的数量增加了许多,并且带来了经济上的进步。
6.        新冠疫情急剧削减了旅游业。
7.        旅游数量减少的好处:温室气体排放减少,被游客伤害到的地区得以恢复,长期来看旅客会变得更理智,未来的旅游会更加便宜便捷

Trek v. n. 艰苦跋涉 远足 艰难的旅程
Wherewithal n. 必要的资金/手段
Bigotry n. 偏执 顽固
Afield adj. 遥远的 在远方的 远在他乡的
Till n. 交款处
Intensify v. 增强 强化
Blight n. v. 枯萎 荒芜

第二篇
时间:三分钟
文章大意:经调查研究显示:美国公司可以通过更改晋升奖励机制,如更偏向于评估绩效,来减少公司效率的问题
1.        首先提出结论:美国公司减少公司效率的问题的方法其实在自身
2.        研究调查显示社交成为经理们认为最有用的技能。
3.        证实:经理们日常活动都差不多,但经常社交的比有效率的经理晋升要快
4.        结论,想要提升表现的公司应该将奖励机制例如晋升与经理表现紧密联系在一块儿。
Plethora n. 过多 过剩
Vis a vis prep. Adv. 相对 相比
Negate v. 否定 取消 使无效 n. 对立面 反面
Meagre adv. 瘦的 贫弱的 贫乏的
Affirm v. 肯定 断言
Belie v. 不符 掩饰 使失望

作者: Cocoou    时间: 2021-3-11 22:46
Day4  兔兔组打卡~

作者: jiajiajiayi    时间: 2021-3-11 22:54
打卡第四天~

作者: amber_B506    时间: 2021-3-11 23:02
day4打卡!

作者: 好好学习虾    时间: 2021-3-11 23:02
3.11
What will travel look like after the pandemic?
阅读时间:6’51 总结时间:6’38 总时长:26’19
大意:梳理旅行的发展,讨论当今旅游业的困境和机遇。
分论点:
①        旅行的发展+旅行的意义
②        旅行发展的各项数据支撑
③        疫情对旅行行业的影响
④        疫情也给环境一个喘息的机会,旅游行业可能会更好
摘抄:
As Mark Twain put it, “Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry and narrow-mindedness.”旅行是偏见、偏执、狭隘的克星。
Adventurers in the 15th-century age of discovery set sail in galleons loaded to the gunwales with supplies for voyages that might take years. 主干:Adventurers set sail.
生词:galleons 西班牙大帆船 gunwale船舷 Aristocrat贵族 trek艰苦跋涉 wherewithal 必要的资金 bigotry偏执,固执 far afield远离,远方 jets飞机 plunge骤降,跳入 blight破坏,使枯萎/荒芜 reckon估算,推测 battering重创 batter打碎

Social and Political skills have become the real key
阅读时间:3’44 总结时间:8’41 总时长:23’50
大意:美国公司找到了解决公司问题的一种方法:晋升和激励的时候不仅要看社交能力,还要看生产上的表现。
分论点:
研究发现:①擅长社交的successful manager比高效生产的effective manager晋升更快。②同时successful和effective的manager是少数。
推翻了传统的观点:高效生产的晋升快。
提出建议:美国公司要提高生产力就要激励管理人员又successful又effective
摘抄:In effect, the study’s implications affirm the cynical, yet what now seems real, view that people who are not necessarily the most accomplishing in terms of performing well in the other three key activity areas, namely communication, traditional management, and human resource management, are being promoted to the top level.
主句主干:implications affirm view.
从句主干:people are being promoted to the top level.
意思就是说Social and Political skills才是让人晋升的主要原因。
生词:politicking 政治活动 negate否定,使无效 plethora过剩 meagre缺乏的 belie掩饰,与...不符 cynical愤世嫉俗的

作者: pluto1    时间: 2021-3-11 23:04
Day4
阅读时间7‘26/总结时间13’/总时间42’
1.文章概述:介绍人类旅行方式的变化,时间、交通工具、花费。并介绍近年来出行人数持续上涨,提供了大量工作岗位,促进以旅游业为中心的国家经济快速增长,但是因为疫情影响2020年旅游业收入骤降,同时环保压力减轻,但是人们的出行欲望并未减少,疫情过后的旅游业将会更加兼顾效率和环保。3‘35
2.段落概述
1~2.从行李打包携带方式的衍变引入介绍出行便捷程度的提升和成本的下降。
3.过渡段,滚轮行李箱的使用提高了效率,费用降低促使更多人旅行释放压力,开拓眼界
4.但是出行工具限制了旅行人数,早期靠马车和帆船需要很长时间,后来随着技术发展出行时间逐渐缩短,出行人数才有了大幅度提升。
5.介绍现在人们选择的出行方式和出行原因。
6.出行带动经济发展。
7.疫情原因国家间互相封闭,人群间自我隔离导致出行人数骤降,旅行想干行业收入骤减。
8.但是人们普遍拥有强烈出行愿望,且意识到环保问题后,疫情恢复后的出行将兼顾环保和效率,总体来说发展前景光明。
3.生词 12‘30
unpack分析/剖析  galleon西班牙大帆船   gunwale船舷   aristocrat贵族  trek艰苦跋涉 grand豪华的    wherewithal(做某事)所需资金,必要设备/技术   bigotry顽固,偏执
fatal 致命的/重大的  afield去远方 cart二轮货运马车 surge急剧上升  batter连续猛击
4.句子摘抄 6‘18
And if not every mind is broadened, surely few suffer the opposite effect. 
International travellers have filled tills for hotels, restaurants, car-hire firms and tour operators. 
It is not all dark clouds, however. 
Destinations blighted by overtourism have had a break.
Today’s travel industry may have taken a battering—but the new one that emerges could be better than ever.

阅读时间3‘33/总结时间10‘/总时间30’
1.文章概述:一个实验认为社交能力和政治技巧是一个管理人员取得成功的关键因素,作者反驳这一观点,指出实验样本的不全面。作者认为沟通,传统的管理模式和人力资源才是成功的关键。因此现代企业谋求建立一种新的工作文化,让优秀的产品经理兼顾生产效率而不是注重社交和管理水平。
2.段落大意:一个实验观点认为优秀的企业经理应该应该注重社交和管理水平,这才是成功关键。作者反驳这种观点,认为产品经理都在努力平衡社交能力管理水平和生产效率。
作者充实自己的观点,进一步阐述,举例现在美国公司对经理的考核和建立的公司文化更加注重生产效率,要求三者平衡。
3.生词
organisation组织   committed subordinate忠诚的下属  committed忠诚的/坚定的    topped the list名列榜首   top v.~sth.居...之首 plethoras N.过剩/过多
4.摘抄。无

作者: iyiuyi    时间: 2021-3-11 23:10
打卡

作者: ccccherry    时间: 2021-3-11 23:19
[attach]258877[/attach]

作者: wangminghan    时间: 2021-3-11 23:19
Day 4
第一篇阅读时间: 8分钟,总结6分钟
Core: An outlook of the future of the post-covid tourism industry.

Excerpt:
Greenhouse-gas emissions by commercial jets plunged in 2020, intensifying debate about how to curtail this pollution permanently.
Today’s travel industry may have taken a battering—but the new one that emerges could be better than ever.
Travel was slow, difficult and expensive when it relied on wind or horsepower.
And if not every mind is broadened, surely few suffer the opposite effect.
As Mark Twain put it, “Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry and narrow-mindedness.”

Words:
galleon: 大帆船
gunwale:甲板边缘;舷边
wherewithal: 必要的资金
as far afield as: 远离
shortfall:不足之数;缺口;差额
battering:连续的猛击


第二篇: 阅读时间5分钟,总结8分钟
Core:
Focus on networking may result in the performance-related problems of American companies.
Excerpt:
Accordingly, it comes as no surprise that networking, which consists of socializing or politicking and interacting with others, was one activity that, out of the core four activities among the plethora of activities performed by managers, topped the list for successful managers but was ranked the lowest in the list of activities performed by the effective ones.

Indeed the findings of the study do not negate the reality that there are managers who strike a balance between the activities performed by both types of managers and hence are successful and effective at the same time.

These finding clearly belie the traditional assumption typically suggested by formal personnel policies that promotions are based purely on performances.

words:
plethora: 过多,过剩

negate :使无效,取消

meagre: 很少的,不足的

belie: 给人以假象;掩饰(感情等)

cynical :愤世嫉俗的;怀疑人之真诚的;认为人皆自私的

politicking: 拉选票




作者: tony_j.sp    时间: 2021-3-11 23:28
day 4, 2021/03/11



作者: foxli2020    时间: 2021-3-11 23:34
【第7篇】
1.总结文章中心大意
新冠对国际旅行的影响,既有坏的,也有好的,减少over tourism。
2.总结分论点或每段段落大意
第1段国际旅游的变迁,wheelie-bag  symbolise

第2段The rise of the wheelie-bag反映了人们越来越多地通过国际旅行来放松/escape当下生活。

第3段travel的越来越容易使得工作、学习以及参加很多的family party等的国际旅行增多。

第4段直至今日国际旅行仍然耗时较多。但是相比而言,费用低了很多。

第5段一半以上的国际旅行主要是度假,其次是business,其余是拜访家人或者国外朋友,以及一些宗教事务。
第6段国际旅行给宾馆住宿、以及一些行业带来多少billion的就业及收入。
第7段新冠使得国际旅行受阻。依赖于这个行业的公司及就业人群受到影响。有些乐观主义者认为新冠虽然使得国际旅行受阻。但是也在一定程度上缓解来over tourism的问题,使得国际旅行更加easier and less damaging.

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
easier and less damaging.
4.总结文章中的生词


5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
阅读时间:5min
总结时间:7min
总时间:12min


【第8篇】
5.总结文章中心大意
Promotions are not based on performance, but on socializing and politicking
6.总结分论点或每段段落大意
第一段:研究表明,有2种人当上manager,一种是effective的manager,一种是会socializing and politicking的manager,后者更容易被promote。但是也有一些successful的manager两者兼备。
第二段:Promotions are not based on performance。但是企业还是要提拔那些能给企业带来performance的人,这样企业才能发展。

7.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
promotions are not based purely on performance.     
8.总结文章中的生词
cynical 愤世嫉俗;见利忘义

9.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
阅读时间:5min
总结时间:15min
总时间:20min

作者: N0ire    时间: 2021-3-11 23:34
Day 4 打卡!

作者: 安吉拉Yao    时间: 2021-3-11 23:35
DAY4!

作者: Leonado7    时间: 2021-3-11 23:39
打卡
作者: 花卷卷    时间: 2021-3-11 23:41
Day 4  打卡

作者: 吃饭睡觉做咸鱼    时间: 2021-3-11 23:43
[attach]258885[/attach]

作者: Hahaha~    时间: 2021-3-11 23:43
7min
文章大意:旅游业的发展历程,新冠对旅游业的影响
段落大意
1. 旅游业的发展史
2.便利的交通促进旅游业发展,对家庭社会的影响
3.旅游业未来的发展

生词:pandemic 流行疾病 symbolise 象征 代表 transatlantic 大西洋彼岸的

经济3min
文章大意:讲述社交与政治技能在经理晋升中的重要性
段落大意:
对比两种不同经理不用表现的晋升区别,改变旧想法 更专注于产能

生词:plethora 过多 strike 罢工 meagre 微薄 affirms 申明

作者: 塔塔Thanos    时间: 2021-3-11 23:44
https://mubu.com/doc/DEL_-immUA
作者: 小透明学习    时间: 2021-3-11 23:49
Day4 打卡!

作者: mibem的Amber    时间: 2021-3-11 23:54
u
作者: jannabi321    时间: 2021-3-11 23:56
day 4

作者: vinago    时间: 2021-3-11 23:57
0311打卡
作者: 想考IVY    时间: 2021-3-11 23:59
阅读时间20min整理时间20min合计40min
1.core:旅行在疫情之后会变成什么样子2.:
wheelie-bag came to [url=]symbolise[/url][王1] the era of masstravel.
The rise of the wheelie-bagreflects the falling cost and increasing speed of long-distance travel.
Travel was slow, difficult and expensive when it reliedon wind or horsepower.
International travellershave filled tills for hotels, restaurants, car-hire firms and tour operators.


3.阅读时间 20min 整理时间 12min 合计 32min
成功现在要靠social.但晋升不仅仅只看能力,也看其他的指标


今天也很匆忙

作者: 中级趣味    时间: 2021-3-12 00:01
Day 4, March 11, 2021

阅读1
生词:galleon 大帆船;gunwale 舷缘;voyage 航运;wherewithal 必要的资金;fatal 致命的;bigotry 偏执。
主旨大意:世界旅行进化史,最近几百年人类旅行越来越短时间,长途,便宜以及简单,旅游产业也是越来越发达,而COVID疫情导致今年旅游业行情大跌。
段落大意及分论点:
1.        15世纪大航海时代远行通常都要好几年时间,18世纪则是带着仆人行李在外玩好几个月,到了十九世纪人们可以只花几个星期在海外玩一玩,到了上世纪70年代只出去住几晚变成了风尚;
2.        轮式包的风靡反映了长途旅行的价格在降低,速度在提升,机票降价,收入提高,休闲时间增多使得国外旅行成为现实;旅行的便捷不仅在于旅游,很多公司开始设立海外分部和供应链,世界不同地方的人可以一起工作,在不同国家居住的家庭成员也能常常相聚;
3.        这种情况是近些年才出现的,工业时代之前旅行曾经是速度慢,困难,并昂贵的,蒸汽和铁路只是稍稍改变了这个情况,远洋航线和飞机才是真正的突破者。大突破来自飞机的发展,1950年只有2500万人有过海外旅行,而2019年这个数字是15亿人;其中3/5选择飞机出行,5%船和1%的火车,35%的旅行者选择开车,而这部分人绝大多数都是欧洲人,主要原因是地方小而且道路修的好。55%的旅行是节日驱动的,商业旅行11%,剩下的绝大多数是拜访家人与朋友,还有一些宗教目的的旅行以及医疗旅行。
4.        国际旅行养活了一大批酒店,餐馆,租车和导游,2019年旅游总花费是1.5万亿美元,在疫情前这是OECD 4.4%的GDP和6.9%的就业,世界范围内旅行和旅游行业汇聚了3.3亿就业岗位,这是总数量的1/10;
5.        COVID疫情截断了这一情况,在2020年3-5月,4/5的国家关闭了国境,整个2020年国际游客减少了70-75%,游客少了10亿人,支出少了110亿,是2009年大萧条后的10倍。即使有疫苗,旅游业也不会这么快得到恢复;
6.        也有好消息,商业飞机排放的温室气体大幅减少,旅游在将来也会变得更方便。
阅读时间 7分半


阅读2
生词:vis-à-vis 面对面的;subordinate 下属;plethora 过多;meagre 贫乏的;belie 掩饰,与。。不符。
主旨大意:成功的经理和有工作能力的经理分开了,现在要成功当上经理,社交和政治能力更主要,但这其实损坏了公司的利益,公司还是应该把能力表现放在第一位。
段落大意及分论点:
1.        美国公司发现现在有社交和政治能力的员工更容易晋升为经理人,但其实这些人业务能力并不强,仔细对比成功的经理和业务能力强的经理只有10%的重合;
2.        这样其实有损公司的利益,公司应该把奖励,比如晋升机会,和工作能力挂钩,而不是社交和办公室政治。
阅读时间 3分钟

作者: 糖糖822    时间: 2021-3-12 08:54


DAY 4

作者: HiEdison    时间: 2021-3-12 20:33
第一篇(9mins+35mins)
Subject: LONELINESS: negative impact, cause analysis, and how COVID-19 hasexacerbated it
Sub-points:
P1-2. COVID-19 has exacerbated the loneliness problem.
P3. Negative impacts of loneliness: diseases, extremist politics,hostility
P4-6. modern employment mechanism is responsible for loneliness
P7-9. Nowadays loneliness is a prevalent problem in big cities
P10-11. Ms. Hertz: two recent developments about loneliness: social medialeads to cyber-bullying; “neoliberalism”
P12-13. Summary: the pandemic has changed people’s interpersonalactivities. Technology is a two-fold weapon (convenience/loneliness)
Collections:
Society will be grappling with this trade-off for decades to come.
And people glued to their smartphones spend less time interactingsocially. 【glue to这个词还蛮形象生动的】
“Loneliness is acrowded room”.
Vocabulary:
point the finger at 指控
culprit 犯人
retreat n/v.后退,放弃,撤离
relish the chance 享受机会
grappling: grapple是扭打的意思,这里应该是说“与这种取舍作斗争”
companionship 陪伴
chatter 唠叨
exacerbate 加重,恶化

第二篇(4m9s+18mins)
Subject: Latino literature and its painstaking development – evidence ofWilliam Carols
Sub-points:
P1. Intro of Latino literature
- beginning in 1960s;
- C,PR, CA对这种文学有深远影响;
- 早期发展并不顺利 (painstakingly)
P2. Examples of the development of Latino literature
- LVM: 内容好但不被认可,该坎坷也说明了female Mexican Americans的困境
- WC: 被排除在Latino literature之外,因为缺少appreciation of PR&A roots。但最近学者认为正式这种缺乏使得WC值得被重视,WC的作品比American更American
P3. JM’s ground-breaking study—understandings of WC
- WC的作品受他父母(mixed ancestry)、bilingual的成长环境极其深刻
- WC的作品不应当只是狭义的America,而应当是广义的hemispheric America
Vocabulary:
sensibility  情感,敏感性;ambivalence 情感矛盾
可能的出题点:
l  关于The Rebelby Leonor Villegas de Magnon, 哪项说法是正确的?
第二段中间 It stands as another challenge to thestereotypical misconceptions regarding Mexican Americans, particularly women
l  Julio Marzan's study可以infer出什么?
第三段中间 William Carlos的作品【由于小时候成长在一个很分裂矛盾的移民身份里】所以很mix 视角也很广(not narrowly the US, but hemispheric America)
l  According to the passage, what canwe know about William Carlos?

他的作品受到了【成长环境、父母亲家庭背景】的深刻影响


作者: mibem的Amber    时间: 2021-3-13 23:03

作者: harvey1123    时间: 2021-3-17 06:03
Day 4 补卡:第二篇文章题目花花的错
【社会科学-旅游】
What will travel look like after the pandemic?
(The Economist-816 字 长精读)
记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
6 min, 、4 min

1. 主题
介绍人类之前是如何旅行的-方法,占比,目的地。疫情期间旅行锐减。但是终将会恢复正常。

2.分论点
Para 1-6:介绍以前的人是如何旅行的。
目的:旅行的意义减压,留下美好回忆
人群:减少旅行不止会影响游客。商务旅行已经探亲旅行得人也会被影响
分类:介绍旅行工具的使用比例,旅行目的分类。
消费:国际旅客贡献了大部分的消费

Para 7:疫情疫情极大的影响了旅游业。并且将会是最后恢复的行业。

Para 8:旅客少也有好处:温室排放少了,文物展品不用长时间曝光了,但是旅行终将会回来的.



3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子

But getting far afield even 100 years ago took an ocean liner or airship, a pricey way to go.

Covid-19 has devastated an industry that relies on the freedom of people to move.

4.总结文章中的生词
gunwales : 夹板
Aristocrats :贵族
wherewithal  金钱

社会科学-经济】
Social and Political skills have become the real key
( WSY -393 字 短精读)

Source: WSY
记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间
3 min, 12 min


1. 主题
如何提高公司效率:和人员晋升方法有关。

2.分论点

Para 1: 研究performance晋升的原因:晋升的经理并没有特别satisfied, committed subordinates 和high performing。分成了successful manager和effective manager。前者用了更多的时间做沟通。尽管有人能兼顾,但是只有10%的人能做到。

Para 2:把success manager的特点总结了三项:namely communication, traditional management and human resource management.
所以公司如果要提高效率就要晋升work culture的人。并激励现在的S manager变得更有效率

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子
Indeed the findings of the study do not negate the reality that there are managers who strike a balance between the activities performed by both types of managers and hence are successful and effective at the same time, but the meagre percentage such managers formed of the study’s sample, barely ten percent, affirms the general divide between successful and effective managers.

4.总结文章中的生词
belie 诽谤


作者: 00712    时间: 2021-3-21 19:09
galleons
英  [ˈɡæliən] 美  [ˈɡæliən]
n. 十五,十六世纪西班牙大型帆船
trunk
英  [trʌŋk] 美  [trʌŋk]
n. 树干;躯干;象鼻;汽车车尾的行李箱
vt. 把…放入旅行箱内
adj. 干线的;躯干的;箱子的
bigotry
英  [ˈbɪɡətri] 美  [ˈbɪɡətri]
n. 偏执;顽固;盲从
dispersed
英  [dɪ'spɜːst] 美  [dɪ'spɜːrst]
adj. 散布的;被分散的;被驱散的
battering
英  [ˈbætərɪŋ] 美  [ˈbætərɪŋ]
V. 混合;打碎(batter的现在分词)
n. 重创;连续打击
阅读时间:5分钟
总结时间:15分钟
文章大意:是讲述旅游业的更新变革,现代社会旅游变得越来越频密,但是COVID 的出现让旅游业迎来了很长时间的停滞,但随着COVID的好转新的旅游大趋势又会卷土重来。
文段1: 从行李的变迁引出旅游变得更简单且更大市场。
文段2 -4:进一步解释为什么旅游变得更大市场更长距离更低费用。
文段5-6:数据说明现代旅游的飞速发展
文段7:转折: 但是因为疫情的原因,很多人都不能再去旅游, 旅游业大受打击
文段8:再次转折: 疫情也为旅游业带来了一些好处,如减少污染和减少过度旅游。疫情后旅游的需求仍在,旅游业可能会变得更简单且更环保,会呈现更好的势头。

vis a vis
对面
negate
英  [nɪˈɡeɪt] 美  [nɪˈɡeɪt]
vt. 否定;取消;使无效
vi. 否定;否认;无效
n. 对立面;反面
belie
英  [bɪˈlaɪ] 美  [bɪˈlaɪ]
vt. 掩饰;与…不符;使失望;证明…虚假错误
阅读时间:3分钟
总结时间:4分钟
文章大意: 很多成功的经理是因为政治和社交手段而非绩效而被提升,真正重视效率的公司应该注意培育有效的经理而非社交的经理。
文段1: 总起 研究表明: 成功的经理不总是因为工作能力也有很大部分是因为靠着政治和社交手腕而晋升飞速。
文段2: 进一步说明: 很多经理并不是因为三大要素而提升。注重员工效率和成绩的公司应该确保一个好的公司文化,让有成绩的员工成为经理而非只会政治和社交的人成功经理。




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