ChaseDream
标题: 备考GMAT日志01/04/2021-01/18/2021 [打印本页]
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-5 13:50
标题: 备考GMAT日志01/04/2021-01/18/2021
目标：01/18/2021 GMAT 780分
关键结果：01/05/2021-01/17/2021
1. 时间：每天至少学习GMAT 7个番茄钟，理想14个番茄钟
2. 数量：每天至少学习Manhattan Prep GMAT 一个Session
3. 题目：每天至少做30道练习题
01/04：6，welcome, 0
01/05:
01/04/2021
我的优势：
1. 英语基础好：高中开始在英语国家生活
2. 时间：现在可以全职学习14天
3. 学习能力强：一直都是世界名校读书
做得好
1. 有坚持每天至少4个番茄钟
2. verbal的感觉有了
3. 学习gmat的感觉有了
4. 有了一定的自信
不足
1. 不稳定：有时候好，有时候不行： 640 600
a. 因为没有用既定的方法，应该是95%技术，5%艺术（感觉）
2. 题量：每天60题+？
3. 总结：用记事本记住要点
4. 时间：每天16个番茄钟
5. 没有背过单词
01/04计划：
开始Manhattan Prep GMAT interactive course
EVENT TYPE:OnlineFoundations of GMAT Math
EVENT TIMES:SundayJan. 10 - Jan. 1010:00 AM - 6:00 PM (EST)
$299
Manhattan Prep:
Bootcamp, live course usd1000+, 2月才结束
35Hours+
体会1. 越多视频越多互动越好
2. 需要更多的网课
3. 一开始不需要做很多题，先通过几个典型的题来掌握方法
https://www.douban.com/group/topic/207125236/
01/05/2021
read next: https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/blog/in-it-to-win-it/ https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/blog/but-i-studied-this-i-should-know-how-to-do-it/ https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/blog/everything-you-need-to-know-about-gmat-time-management-part-1-of-3/
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-5 17:20
01/05/2021
目标：7，1，5
完成：
https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/blog/but-i-studied-this-i-should-know-how-to-do-it/https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/blog/everything-you-need-to-know-about-gmat-time-management-part-1-of-3/
In It to Win It
- play this game by its rules
- consistency get the easy ones right
- tell the computer, nice shots! and move on
- 70/30
[size=26.02080535888672px]But I studied this – I should know how to do it!
I don’t actually know how to do the problem right now = [size=16.011201858520508px]as not knowing how to do it at all.
[size=16.011201858520508px]I try to do that for about 30 seconds or so. Then, I pick and move on.
[size=16.011201858520508px]
[size=16.011201858520508px] on a test like the GMAT, it’s now or never.
[size=16.011201858520508px]
[size=16.011201858520508px]1. either you know it now or you don't know it
[size=16.011201858520508px]2. if you have 30 seconds, make an educated guess and move on
[size=16.011201858520508px]3. when time is up, pick randomly and move on
[size=16.011201858520508px]
https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/blog/everything-you-need-to-know-about-gmat-time-management-part-1-of-3/
[size=26.02080535888672px]Everything You Need to Know about GMAT Time Management, Part 1[size=16.012802124023438px]- review this before every practice test
[size=16.012802124023438px]- The GMAT is essentially a “where you end is what you get” test
[size=16.012802124023438px]- if you’re within about 3 minutes of where you’re supposed to be, then everything is fine.
[size=16.012802124023438px]
- Getting an easier question wrong hurts your score more than getting a harder question wrong.
- Missing 4 or more questions in a row hurts your score more than getting 4 “spread-out” questions wrong.
Principles
Principle 1: Practice the behavior you want to exhibit on the GMAT.
Principle 2: After you’ve made your GMAT decision, spend all the time you like trying to figure stuff out.
1. Missing several questions at the end is deadly
2. Practice like in exam
Train Per Question: Develop Your “1-Minute Time Sense”Only use this 1-minute time sense when you are doing Official Guide or other GMAT-format questions
- you’re making the best decision based on the current circumstances.->maximizing your ROI
GMAT 101
[size=16.012802124023438px]steps:
[size=16.012802124023438px]1. Set up your stopwatch but cover the timer itself so that you can’t see what it says.
[size=16.012802124023438px]2. Start working, but push the button every time you think one minute has passed
[size=16.012802124023438px]3. After some number of times (5, 8, 11? whatever!), stop and check your data.
[size=16.012802124023438px]4. Do this a few times a day for 5 to 10 minutes at a time, and after a week or two
[size=16.012802124023438px]1. a set of 4 Quant or CR questions
[size=16.012802124023438px]2. When you’re done with the problem, push the lap button again
[size=16.012802124023438px]3. figure out what decision you should have made instead and what, specifically, should have prompted that decision.
[size=16.012802124023438px]1. 1 min
[size=16.012802124023438px]2. know? another 30 sec
[size=16.012802124023438px]3. don't know? pick and move on
[size=16.012802124023438px]https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/blog/everything-know-gmat-time-management-part-3/
[size=16.012802124023438px]Manage an Entire Section Using Benchmarks
[size=16.012802124023438px]- bail on 2-4 qs per section
[size=16.012802124023438px]- set up the time frame with booklet
[size=16.012802124023438px]4 qs per page for quant
[size=16.012802124023438px]9 qs for verbalb
[size=16.012802124023438px]buy a gmat booklet and marker
[size=16.012802124023438px]https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/blog/develop-a-business-mindset-to-maximize-your-roi-on-the-gmat/
[size=26.02080535888672px]Develop a Business Mindset to Maximize your ROI on the GMAT[size=16.012802124023438px]- Imagine an investor who will give money to anyone who asks. This investor never says no to a request for money.
[size=16.012802124023438px]- the company in question has to earn your investment
[size=16.012802124023438px]- Unless you give me a really good reason, I am not opening up my checkbook
[size=16.012802124023438px]- you’re looking for clues to help you decide which way to jump off of that fence
[size=16.012802124023438px]- f I think there’s a good chance I can do this problem with a reasonable expenditure of time and mental energy—then I’m in
[size=16.012802124023438px]-Here’s my investment of another minute or so
[size=16.012802124023438px]-I’m not about to waste my precious time and energy on that investment. It has terrible potential
[size=16.012802124023438px]-All that matters is that my plan isn’t panning out right now, while the clock is ticking.
[size=16.012802124023438px]-If you don’t understand the problem or don’t have a good plan, stop.
[size=16.012802124023438px]-You’re in charge: you decide what is and is not worth your precious time.
1. this has to earn your investment
2. listen to the pitch, if a lot of potential, then invest a bit more
3. if not, pick one and move on
[size=28.02240753173828px]How to Make Educated Guesses on Quant
- Most people have to guess on between 4 and 7 questions in each section
- one min: we know what the problem is asking, have a good idea of how to get to the answer, and have started setting up the calculations.
-consider this just a starting point.
-how can I eliminate wrong answers on this question?
- it’s often easier to figure this out on questions you answered correctly
-glancing at the answer choices before you start solving the problem
Estimation (Problem Solving and Sometimes Data Sufficiency)
Can you assess things in terms of more than half vs. less than half (this often works well on probability, sets, rates, work, fractions, percents)?
Try the Answers (Problem Solving)
try to determine whether you need a larger or smaller number.
Pick Numbers (Problem Solving)
Are there variable expressions in the answers?
Know How DS Answers Work (Data Sufficiency)
If the two statements ultimately say exactly the same thing—no more and no less—then you know that the answer is either D or E.
Eliminate the Odd One Out (Problem Solving)
1. most ppl guess 4-7 qs per section
2. down to 2-4 ans
3. range, DS rules, odd ones
https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/blog/how-to-make-educated-guesses-on-verbal/
[size=28.02240753173828px]How to Make Educated Guesses on Verbal- educated guess from beginning
- [size=16.011201858520508px]If you aren’t able to eliminate a single answer on your first pass, you will need to consider making a random guess on this question and moving on.
[size=16.011201858520508px]- How do the test writers make wrong answers tempting on certain types of Verbal problems?
Sentence Correction: Play the Odds on Certain Splits
Critical Reasoning: Know the Common Traps
Reading Comprehension: Know the Common Traps
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-6 16:13
01/06/2021
Pre-session 1 Quant
- diagnostic 1 100%
- all the quant intro 5 m
The GMAT Mindset
Executive reasoning is the official term for your ability to make all kinds of decisions in the face of
complex and changing information.
- how well you make decisions regarding when to invest your limited time and mental energy
—and when not to
-no good businessperson invests in every single opportunity placed in front of them, just because it’s there
- As a result, you’ll start to miss questions that you actually do
know how to answer and your score will go down.
- This is the business equivalent of spending
most of your annual budget by August. . .and then not having enough money left to run the
business well from September through December.
- Call it a bad investment and let that problem go
- If there are certain topics that you really hate,
decide that you’re not going to study them in the first place.
- Start orienting yourself around your business mindset today.
1. No good businessperson invests in every single opportunity in front of them, just because it's there
2. get what are supposed to get, leave ample time for those questions
3. let go of certain topics
GMAT Math Foundations
Number Sense
Foundation of gmat math workshop part 1
FIRST CAT
Quant
Strategy:
1. 1min rule (move on or stay)
2. spread time evenly
3.
strategy guide
- 7x
foundations of gmat math and verbal
- most important
- than harder ones
OG questions
- GMAT Navigator
- HOMEWORK!
practice exams
- included in atlas
- take 3 PT on time, have live feedback
top 5 things to do
1. do study today (at least a little bit)
- 15 mins
2. do study in short, frequent sessions (20 mins)
- 30-60 mins
3. do try to make it fun
- friends and family support
- keep you company
4. do focus on your weaknesses
- dont ignore strengths completely
5. do make a schedule and stick to it
- result: much better result
- update calendar weekly
- first week easier
gmat Practice exam quant
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-7 22:42
01/07/2021
Quant 37 29%
Verbal 30 58%
IR 5.9 5-7
AWA
review
total 560 41%
1. last 4 questions very important: where you end is what you score is
2. get as many easy and medium questions right!
I got all but one hard questions wrong
3.
Verbal: highest 32, 30
Quant: highest 51, final 37
Quant:
1. a lot of wrongs in 600-700
2. 2/3 wrong in 700-800
3. most ds wrong
IR:
1. all wrongs in medium
overall assessment
CR > DS > PS > RS > SC
math
number properties > geometry > fractions > word > algebra
作者: owen在杭州 时间: 2021-1-8 07:43
加油！！！
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-8 11:54
同意！
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-8 11:55
同意！
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-8 22:12
01/08/2021
Goal:
1. pomodoro x8
2. review and schedule gmat
3. session 1
Doing
Deep review CAT 1
- use google docs
- fill in blanks in tracker
Key
- focus on lower difficulty level first, below target score questions
1. missing?
2. rush?
3. common mistakes?
4. patterns?
Categories(select)
1. right
2. careless
3. lucky
4. bailed
5. wrong
6. not studied
note
- explanation
Review each question
Quant first
700-800的问题难度真不简单
1. legit right
2. guess from visually proportionate
priorities
1. from lower difficult to higher question
2. from wrong to right
odds and even
has exactly 2 factors == prime
product is odd == both odd
prime != odd, b/c 2 is prime
think about what this can help me score more in the test
is it worth the investment?
have done:
REVIEW all wrong quant questions
thoughts:
1. a lot to learn with quant, but should be quick to learn medium and lower level questions
a lot to find out and learn from individual question review
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-9 16:58
01/09/2020
Objective:
1. start reading at or before 10pm
2. 18 months plan
3. finish verbal individual and high level review
Key result:
1. 8x pomodoroes
2. focus focus focus
3. 开始背5个单词
Wrong questions on verbal 1st CAT
Used my Ear + Wrong (SC) | 1. examples: use such as not like; 2. "if" only used for if X, then Y, Uncertainty: whether; 3. spending FOLLOWS; 4. compares spending on durable goods and spending on non-durable goods: Parallelism 5. subject verb agreement: spending, such as … follows, whereas xx spending such as ... remains constant regardless of the economy |
Didn't find an issue to use (SC) | 1. "it" could start an independent clause: xxx; it combines xxx; 2. "where" must refer to a sepecific location; 3. "they" has to refer to a clear plural antecedent |
Didn't find an issue to use (SC) | 1. pulling with its mouthparts: part of main action feeds, not independent of it |
Misread Argument/Passage (CR/RC) | 1. gender is a general measure of demographics 2. cost of fraud is not mentioned to be able to measure, and if cost can be measured, company should realize it |
Misunderstood answer choice (CR/RC) | 1. argument: insurance company don't have economic motive to pay doctors on time; |
Didn't find an issue to use (SC) | 1. had xx: took place prior to the other actions, 2. cause and effect: rose xxxx, prompting: rose: action took place in the past; 3. prompting: effect 4. had colluded -> rose price -> prompting allegation 5. think about what causes what, and what happened first |
Down to 2 and wrong | 1. quick summary of each paragraph； 2. really understand the passage: the diverse history of american jazz makes it american, same is true for football. |
Misread Argument/Passage (CR/RC) | 1. argument: What America needs is a permanent third party; 2. counter: America’s success stems from the two party system; 3. evidence to contradict the opponents' claim 4. "yet": however 5. convert claim made by opponents of the main point of the argument to "argument's main point's opponent's claim |
Misunderstood answer choice (CR/RC) | 1. flexibility: soft, not harden into protective armor; 2. have to re-read passage for detail question; 3. reduced efficacy: less effective than used to be 4. pay attention to first few words of the ans choice and think about what it means and whether it was directly mentioned or imply in passage |
Misunderstood question (CR/RC) | 1. question is asking a possible explanation except, not include 2. when tax revenue increases, possible: business tax file increase, sharp reduction last year 3. has to address the change directly,didn’t mention tax directly |
Misread Argument/Passage (CR/RC) | 1. argument: recommend chiropratic will minimize proportion of population: find the whole argument! 2. severe back problems != back pain 3. theres not another good method 3. not less likely? == same? Prior to: preven or lessen |
Misread Argument/Passage (CR/RC) | 1. conclusion: pell grant improve economic standing, assumption: pell grant is the only means available to lower-income students |
Other(explain) | out of time 1. conclusion: developer can make large profit by buying urban waterfront lots; key: whether these lots can be sold to make profits: a lot of people willing to buy them |
Misread Argument/Passage (CR/RC) | 1. attitude: inference; 2. Human benevolence may prove little better for these rhinos than past human maltreatment 3. The decline of the species may have progressed too far to be reversed. 4. watch the tone. 5. uncertainty: need evidence from present tense and future forecast, past tense only refer to past and impact on present 6. resigned to xxx: definite! 7. pessimistic: distinct possibility 8: ambivalent: conflicting feelings, some pos/neg, does not indicate pos feelings 9. past tense: no mentioned on ongoing impact |
Misread Argument/Passage (CR/RC) | 1. to determine if a is useful, just look at its effect, whether or not another b will be effective is irelevant 2. in scope: prevalence among adolescent, out: adult 3. law will help reduce: if another thing will bypass law: parents buy for children |
Misunderstood answer choice (CR/RC) | 1. carefully read relevant passage portion for answer choice, lessen = decrease, !=increase; 2. actions of digging to create: imply intent to collect |
Didn't find an issue to use (SC) | 1. which must modify immediately preceding noun only; cannot modify action of an entire clause; 2. subject is the textbook as a whole 3. orginal sentence implies it is surprisingly tentative, not surprsing and tentative, not independent, 4. leading can replace which, FE: this action xxxxx, leading xxx |
FINISH review and prioritize verbal
except IR
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-11 17:06
01/11/2021
Back!
Objective: GMAT 780 World Top 1% -> Insead B-School
Key result:
1. 10x pomodoroes
2. Complete session 1
3.
Session 1
if gmat verbal is great, buy the quant as well
but try verbal first
top 5 things to do
1. do study a bit every day (15 mins is better than nothing)
2. do study in short, frequent sessions (30-60 mins at a time, add breaks)
3. make it fun
4. focus on weaknesses
5. make a schedule and stick to it (update your calendar weekly)
start planning
Prepare to face the gmat
structure
verbal
- 65 mins 36 qs
RC: get the big picture
target: 45
quant
62 mins 31 qs
DS
what info you need to solve qs
goal: 51
IR
1-8
30 mins 12 multi-part qs
calculator
mix and quant and verbal
AWA
not that important
0-6 4 or higher
200-800 score
if you like warm up before
strength first
3.5 hours
mental stamina
can't
- skip
- back
live in the now
TAKE A DEEP BREATH before every question
WHERE you end is what you get!!
LAST question
Youre going to miss 40% of the questions
TEST will never feel easy b/c of adaptive
important:
overall performance throughout the section
early questions are not more important
all of them are important
especially the ones below your ability level
problems
1. careless mistakes
2. content holes (foundation understanding on all content)
- get better on FOUNDAMENTAL! and key WEAKNESSES!
3.
key
no holes
foundamentals first
no tricks
no spending more time on early questions
schools usually only care about your best score
Test Score Computation
Goal: 780
Quant 51 + Verbal 46
Focus on subscore, not percentile to improve
what score you need for each subscore
after maxout
adjust
1. content
2. strategies
3. timing
Build strong foundation
1. read and interact
2. practice on real problems, do review do
Diligent with test management
1. manage time - use a timer and build inner rhythm
build aesenal of strtegies
1. problem recognition
2. math tech
3. ord strategies
manage anxiety
The more you put off things, the scarier it becomes
Study†Smarter
● Schedule more frequent, shorter study sessions instead of marathon sessions.
● Mix up topics and activities during a study session.
● Keep a review log .
● Make a one-page summary of each Strategy Guide chapter you read.
● Commit & Focus: Set a timer for the session and put your phone in airplane mode.
1. shorter
2. mix up
3. review log
4. 1-page sum
5. timer/airplance
average of a 16 percentile
point increase on the GRE after just two weeks of mindfulness practice
Breath between problem sets : 4+6
during: check in, notice
10 consecutive minutes every day
Practice mindfulness periodically throughout the day (by paying attention to your steps, your breath,
sounds, etc.) for a minute or so at a time. You really can practice any place any time.
he has a 99th percentile score on the
SAT®, GMAT® and GRE®)
----
Make a study calendar takeaway
1. blocks
2. review each
3. update
GMAT review log
record
1. careless mistake
2. faster way
3. wrong comfortable
dont record
1. similar again
2. not comfortable
review log
1. what well
2. when do
3. re-do date
prioritize
Quant: 37 -> 51 + 14
Verbal: 30 -> 46 + 16
both
-----
Sentence Correction Methods:
1. 4-step
2. grammar eliminate
3. vertical splits
what is sc testing
correct grammar -> clear meaning
1. subject-verb agreement
SC PROCESS
1. take a 1st glance (underline + differences in ans choice)
2. read for MEANING
3. find a starting point
4. eliminate (everything you can)
5. repeat (until you have eliminated all)
dont use your ear until you have no other choices
every sentence
- who did what (subject verb)
1. find the subject
2. find the verb
eliminate ones with issues
idioms: (flash card)
estimate x to be y
don't do
1. dont use your ear
1:20 on each sc problem
the offspring that RESULT (plural)
almost universally are infertile
almost xxx: barely xx
the term cannot be a
a series cannot be expecting
semicolon: 2 independent sentences
EXAMPLE (Only)
1. i sleep (only on thursday) only on thursday describe
2. i only sleep (on thursday) on thursday describe
parallelism: to release to save
verb form
propose instead to release
flash card:
idioims:
research vacation options (v.)
n.: he did research about alligators
SC
1. attention to overall structure and meaning when unclear
explain as: a yawn can be explained as a reflex (what a yawn is)
explain by: a yawn can be explained by her lack of sleep (why she's yawning)
similarity is a result of the movement
it is not a movement
dont use being in can be explained by
comma with:
1. describe an action taking place simultaneously with main action
with arms and legs flying
2. introduce consequences of main action
with the result that she suffered...
3. WRONG: explain main clause
should use because instead
there is nothing inherently wrong with the passive voice
Don’t eliminate just because a choice is passive.
the key is on:
publication featured articles, not individuals
the ACTION
these publications and individuals as nouns
The GMAT mindset
Investment
summary today
1. goal: 37->51, 30->46
2. stick to a schedule
3. use flash card for SC
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-12 16:45
01/12/2021
Objective:
Make progress on 1st verbal SC and 1st quant
Key Result:
1. all the verbal chapter 1-3 1.5 hrs done
2. practice all the verbal chapter 1-3 1hr done
3. Quant 1.5 hrs done
10 pomodoroes
tomorrow goal: 11 pomodoroes: from morning 9:30am
总结1. 读书笔记：更简洁，但必须有结构，连在一起
2. 可以做到10个番茄钟，重点是每天都做到10个以上，下午3-4点会开始累，方法：绕着这里走走，吃水果，牛奶
3. 态度：当时直接只用书和官方指南，确实方法是不同的，效果也是不同的，下次：一开始就找最好的教学辅导人员，可以不一定这个机构最贵的，但必须是最好的机构，他们确实有很好的方法论，而不是自己去钻研， 有很多可以学，你的态度是怎么样的？基础很重要啊
SC
1. long
2. whats happening
such as: introduce example
overall meaning
split: first and last word
such movies as = movies such as
red herring
time marker: now -> change meaning
when are things happening
step 2: read for meaning
meaning as impt as grammar
just think about what the possible issues are
EXTRACT the core of the sentence
- although WP first gained recognition for one thing, he was remembered for other, quite different things
was != now
jot down a possible issuse and move on
was...now?
Step 3 finding a starting point
- know for sure
- cross off
step 4 eliminate all incorrect
- same error
- scan vertically for only that portion
would be != now
will be != now
REPEAT
- dif straighforward?
- easiest and fastest path
most SC: >= 3 splits
pick the easiest one. for you
focus on the shorter chunk of sentence
don not re-write
if unsure after the time limit, pick one with executive decision
avg: 1min 20 sec
1. one error, out
2. same error multiple
3. spot error, eliminate
never longer than 2 mins
IMPROVE EAR
1. articulate what you feel is wrong
FIRST underlined word + word just before it
FIRST TWO words
has vs. have singular plural
when i see, i will think
train first glance
read entire sentence
KEY strategies:
1. just read entire sentence and articulate meaning
2. just read answers to compare
what problem testing
REVIEW
1. why wrong
2. how eliminate
3. how picking
4. why right
Avoid trap
cement wrongness in brain
One-page summary chapter 1 all the verbal
Sentence Correction Process
5-step
1. glance
2. Read for meaning
3. pick a starting point
4. eliminate
5. repeat
eliminate
1. one error is ok
2. usually 3+ errors, in first and last words, first underlined word + wrod right before
3. multiple ans with same error
Timing
1. avg 1:20
2. max 2 mins pick and move on
3. most less than 1 min
Training
1. flash card: when I see this, I will think that, improve efficiency, 50% useful
2. just look at sentence for meaning, just look at ans for differences
3. reflect on why right, why wrong, why eliminate, why pick
Start to think as the test maker
1. what is he trying to test you on
2. how would you phrase that ans and question
3. what would be a time-consuming trap
Extract sentence core
1. who did what
2. basic meaning
Ch2 Grammar and Meaning
good business writing
1. grammar
2. meaning intended meaning
Grammar
1. everyday speech violates
Meaning
1. confusing is bad
2. concision is only preferred
3. focus on g and m, ignore concision
Focus
1. understand and apply rules of grammar
B.
Five terms
1. Clause: subject + working verb: who did what?
- independent clause: she was offered the job
- dependent clause: has verb but cannot standalone: although she didn't have much work experince
- == sentence fragment: always wrong
2. modifier: provides more info
- adj
- nonessential modifer: which as black fur,
- essential modifer: that she started last week; if removed, meaning ambiguous
3. sentence core
- bare min
- ex: she was offered the job
4. conjunction: sticks parts together
- and
-co-conjunctions: glue two parts same function, same level
- common: FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
- sub-conjuctions: although: she didn't
- because,while, though, unless,before,after,if
- starts a subordinate clause, cannot standalone
5. marker: clue for what's tested
- unlike: comparison
- signal g issues
appendix b for grammr rules
C. meaning: a closer look
-logical: only 1 meaning
- umambiguous: cannot be more xx than any xx including himself
- exposed by xx using xxx
3 meaning issues
1. words don't match meaning
2. redundant
3. words in wrong place
D. Connect, match the words
- words must make sense together: compare same kind of things
E. Say it once
- each word plays impt part
- dont do a same thing twice
ex: x: sum to a total of
ex: x: present... now
past: previosly, formerly, in the past, before now
present: now, currently, presently, at present
yearly: annual, each year, a year
can co-exist if serve two dif functions
although already conveys the contrast
F. Place your words
- meaning issues
only the council
only on thursday
- only, all
the council granted city officials the right to make legal petitions
G. choose your words
economical: thrifty, efficient
aggravate aggravating
known as known to be known for
loss of loss in
mandate have a mandate
native of native to
range of ranging
rate of rates for
rise rasie
try to do try doing
One-page summary chapter 2
1. meaning and grammar are two keys, concision secondary
2.
3.
5 key terms in grammar
1. cluase: independent, dependent
2. modifier: add info, essential, non-, change meaning or not
3. conjunction, glues, co-- two independent, sub-- 1 in 1 de
4. sentence core: most bare bone
5. marker
change meaning
- placement of words
- word choice, very similar, flash card
- redundancy
meaning
1. avoid any ambiguouty
2.
grammar
1. everyday speech not correct
Practice set p27
1. yet, ships, outside: yet seperate the sentence better
2. subsequently, decrease; each of the past 5 year >> annual
3. may
4. or more, annual
5. A
6. B flag but:signaling a different meaning, ppl believe one thing, but the opposite is true
contrary to popular belief, crime is at its lowest rate in a long time
7. B
lower volume
clearly indicate individual things instead of mudding both together
8. nearly for verb. and adj.
9. if sentence didnt indicate for that portion, we regard it as dont know
time marker: changes when a specific event occurs
2:40pm Quant Welcome + pre-session 1
Interact
- engage
- think before you click
compartmentalize each problem as own event
Quant foundation math 1 and 2
+: 37+43:
(a + b) + (c + d)
let a-d be whole 10 or 100 numbers or x5,
center around one number is best: a - b + a + b
-: distance between 2 numbers on number line
calculate with total distance = a + b+c sa: 500+ 40 + 5 segment
x: multiply
create (a+b) (a-b) = a^2 - b^2
average two numbers and create a + b a - b situation
fraction:
change numberator to fit denominator better
253 / 23 = 230+ 23 / 23
Foundation math video 3
1. divisible by 3: 3 divide by that
2. prime number: exactly 2 dif factors, 1 and itself, 2,3,5,7,11,13,17
3. is divisible by, have all the prime number in the box, subset
4. 1 is not a prime number
5. 0 is a multiple of everything
6. even and odd number only refer to 2, either even or odd, 2n or 2n+1
7. remainder
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-13 11:15
01/13/2021
Objective:
Verbal 46
Quant 51
Key Result:
1. all the verbal ch3 reading and practice done 3:14pm section 1 done
2. time managament, sc subject verb interact
3. quant foundation part 3, 4 done with part 3 quant 时间 差不多
吴宇发，你可以完成10个番茄钟吴宇发，你可以拿到GMAT verbal 46, quant 51的成绩的，加油！
Note:
1. summurize each chapter before attempting problem sets
2. time on MP: 2x at least
总结：
早上时间多给我一些，我不够啊，吴宇发
我想学更多，我觉得我可以的，请你给我更多，请给我9点就开始学，8点多到这里，8点多出门，8点吃早餐，7点半起床明天，10点半睡着，10点上床，9点多开始看书
1. 9个番茄钟 《 10 因为太晚开始，因为起不来，因为昨晚鱼骨卡到喉咙去看医生，心情不稳定看手机了，很困还吃了褪黑素
2. 到了3点超级困：午睡10-15分钟，延长午休时间，晚上再早点睡，6点半要起水，8点前吃完饭
3. 能够这么长时间学习这个真的是一种福气，可以有人照顾，无忧地，真是一种福气，你要好好珍惜哦，吴宇发，
4. SC的语法是需要记忆的
5. 每天开始之前先复习昨天的
1. 10点睡，早开始
2. 午睡
3. review
Prioritize
1. Prepare†for†the†upcoming†classƆStart with the assignments that prepare you for the
upcoming class (use the outlines in the Overview section for each session as a guide),
focusing on your weaknesses.
2. Reinforce†the†last†class†. Address weaknesses from the previous class by completing
the relevant tasks that reinforce what you learned in the last session.
3. Stretch†your†strengths†. Finally, push your stronger areas further.
Study†Smarter
● Schedule more frequent, shorter study sessions instead of marathon sessions.
● Mix up topics and activities during a study session.
● Keep a review log .
● Make a one-page summary of each Strategy Guide chapter you read.
● Commit & Focus: Set a timer for the session and put your phone in airplane mode.
Adjust†as†You†Go
Chapter 3 Sentence Structure
Core sentence structure
SUBJECT AND VERB MUST BOTH EXIST
subject: the noun that performs the action
verb: the action
ex: dog runs
Fragement: missing either
ex: x: cat sitting
(working verb)
ok: cat watched, cat was sitting (full verb form)
Present Participle: sitting MUST with a Helping Verb: is, was, will be ....
Fragement:
Because the dog...
WHICH will be ....
B, W: Connecting words, add extra info, not sentence, Modifiers!!
At lease One indept clause
Independent Clause: ok
BOTH AGREE IN NUMBER
dog runs
dogs run
Prepositional Phrase
discovery of new medicines: medicines is part of PP: of new medicines
Key: a noun in a pp will NOT be the subject of the sentence
w: proximity
r: actual sentence structure
Compound Subject
Lin and Guy: together as the subject: Always plural
must be connected by the word AND
r: Lin, as well as Guy(modifier), drives : one subject
Compound Verb
2 or more verbs that all point to the same subject
r: Lin drove(verb) to work and(conjunction) said(verb) hello
Lin and Guy drive and GREET(c.v.)
ELIMINATE THE MIDDLEMAN AND SKIP THE WARM-UP
Middleman: words between subject and verb
Ignore the Warm-up: before the subject
pp: words headed by a preposition
of mice, by 1800, at that level, from the office, on their orders
+ the house: fly over the house
Key: a noun in a prep phrase will NOT be main subject
ex: Near galway, the houses on the road to Spiddle.... are ...
the houses are the subject
Near +
on+
to+
above are all prep
Dependent clauses: modifier
begins with connecting words: while, because
dont contain main subject
always attached to independent clauses
- usually starts with comma
- removed, still complete sentence
USE STRUCTURE TO DECIDE
match up multiple subject-verb pairs
- main clause first
-then dependet clause
ex: tidal forces (to which an object (falling into a black hole) is subjected) are sufficient
Mid-chapter Quiz
let material sink in for a day or two before moving into second half of chapter
1. B singular agreement
- eliminate middleman(words bt subject and verb)
- in addition to xxx: dependent clause b/c in addition to is a preposition
- subject: string
2. A (fragement)
- is is a verb, if verb only dep.cla then fragment
- a book WAS assigned
3. B (fragment)
- participles: designed, developed masqueraded as verbs, but actually modifiers
- main verb: were designed
- part' -> modifiers: add more info
THE SENTENCE CORE
That: right after a working verb: reset word that starts a new subject-verb structure
- ex: subject - verb THAT subject-verb-object
- singals reader that more info is coming, WAIT for info before interpreting
a Good sentence: clear meaning throughout whole sentence
- not change meaning midway
- r: I know that D, xxxx, was born in xxx ( you know sth. about her)
- x: I know D, xxxx, was born in xxx
2 INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
Compound Sentence:
- 2 complete sentences can be connected into a sentence
- r: Lin xxx, but(conjunction) Guy xxx.
- comma + co-conj MUST
- Fanboys for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (connect 2)
- w: Lin xxx, Guy xxx (no and) (RUN-ON sentence)
the 2 indept clauses have to both have subject + verb
- the term Eureka, which xxxxx, WAS uttered xxx
Semicolon
- 2 standalone sentence can be connected by a semicolon
- ex: Ear xxx; he later xxx; (pronoun can be a subject by itself)
- usually: followed by transition expression: xxxx; therefore xxx
- however, therefore, in addition,
- KEY: MUST use semicolons NOT commas to join sentences with transitional expression
- w: xxx, therefore xxx.
- ; and , never interchangeable
Rule:
- 2 indpt clauses: semicolon or comma + co-conjunction, if just comma: wrong
- rare right: I xxx to E, W&F; W, O; and B, S&T.
ADDING MODIFIERS
Quick sum ch 3 v
1. sentence core, subject verb
2. modifier
3. co-conj
Problem sets
subject + verb, agrees in number or not
1. Jack+ is sharing, y
2. sun+make, y (w) r: sun makeS (no proximity)
3. decision + was + inspiring, y
4. sm and ba + have seen,n (w), r: chain AND bakery (last noun)
5. A, body+revamped,players have suffered, (run-on, no co-conj)
- (w)
- B: ok to connect a dependent clause to in.cl. with a comma and nothing else
- ex: Ever since .... (dependent clause), the head
6. A, Schuster+is considering to run, (illogical)
- considering whether SHE should xxxx
7. B, lighthouse+overlooks,(ambiguous )
- just ONE interpretion of meaning!
8. the music company was afraid (that the increased xxx would not compensate the xxxx discs)
- 2 indept clauses need a comma and a co-conj
- noun in pp can never be main subject: decline of sales
- that the xxx not be compensated by xxx
9. xxx, that distillate viscous
- xxx were extremely xxx; as a result, the xxxx
10. program has had xxxx; nevertheless, it is not suitable xxxx
- only FANBOYS can be used with comma,
- , BUT it is not
11. Isle had an economy xxx; now, it is based on xxx (fragment) need indept clause
- ; now, IT HAS ONE (subject should be Isle not economy, so should be IT HAS one, not IT IS)
12. trench is situated xxxx, and it is xx covered; in addition, it is the xxx. (2 indept)
- trench, situated xxxx and covered xxx, IS the lowest
Quant foundation part 3
Visualize Prime boxes
- if a is a factor of b, then b's prime box contains a's
- so is 3b
- think of them in terms of prime boxes visually
- numerator: the more the merrier
Visualize exponents
- a^b: a x a x a x a x a
- a^x + a ^y = a ^ (x+y)
- (a^x)^y = a^xy (rectangle of a^x length is y)
- a^x / a^y = a^(x-y)
- a^-x = 1 / a^x
- a^0 = 1
- y root a^x = a^(x/y) (split into y portions)
prime box for square roots, cube root
sqr48 + sqr27
- approximation: < 7 + > 5 = 12
- eliminate
- find prime boxes of 48 and 27
- sqr 48 = sqr 8 x 6 = sqr 2^3 x 2 x 3 = sqr 2^4 x 3= 2^2 sqr3
- sqr 27 = sqr 3^3 = sqr 3^2 x 3 = 3^2 x sqr 3
- analogy: fruit basket: split into 2 evenly
prime boxes for
12(16) - 18(8)
= 2x6x2x8 - 2x9x2^3
= 2x2x3x2x2^3 - 2x3^3x2^3
= 2^6x3 - 2^4x3^3
= 2^4 x 3(2^2 x 3)
= 2^3 x 2 x 3
= 8 x 6
= 48
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-14 13:02
01/14/2021
Objective:
1. Quant 51
2. Verbal 46
Key Result:
1. Pomodoro x
2. Verbal x
3. Quant x
今天去医院看医生了，只学了3个番茄钟。
https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/blog/everything-you-need-to-know-about-gmat-time-management-part-1-of-3/
Time Management
[size=16.011201858520508px]- review this before every practice test
[size=16.011201858520508px]
[size=16.011201858520508px]Key
[size=16.011201858520508px]- Getting an easier question wrong hurts your score more than getting a harder question wrong.
- [size=16.011201858520508px]Missing 4 or more questions in a row hurts your score more than getting 4 “spread-out” questions wrong.
[size=16.011201858520508px]
[size=16.011201858520508px]Principles
[size=16.011201858520508px]1. Practice the behavior you want to exhibit on the GMAT.
2. After you’ve made your GMAT decision, spend all the time you like trying to figure stuff out.
Verbal Session 2: Interact SC subject, verbs, structure
1. strip to core
2. match subjects + verbs
3. fix faulty
Have to have
- Who did what
Review
SV pairs
- should be logical too
- look at all verbs associate with this subject see if they agree
- xxx ,(xxxx), xxxx: usually (xxx) is distraction
Distractors
- pp: starts with which, that, flying, considered, in
- of a primate jawbone: of: jawbone is a modification of fragments
Idiom
- estimated to be X
Jargon: clause
-
That
- noun. after that cannot be the main subject, it is not an independent clause
- ex: threat xxx that xx reptiles face
2 verbs together
- S1 that S2 faces(V2) result (V1)
first glance
1. underlined
2. first word
3. last word
4. word right before underlined
compound subject
pronoun
- correspond with the main subject
- each state -> its
- check
And in subject : compound subject
ozone reacts: singular
when xxx: pp, xxx cannot be major subject
WHO Does What!
The dog barks and jumps.
the dog barks, jumps and eats.
begun in xxxx,
skip description
right:
construction began in xx, and was completed in xxxx
independet clause; indepdent clause. pronoun ok.
use comma + fanboys to connect two independet clauses.
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-16 16:25
01/16/2021
Objective:
1. Verbal 46
2. Quant 51
Key result:
1. 4x pomodoroes 5x
2. reflect
3. weekly schedule (STICK TO SCHEDULE) done
Done
1. RC reading passages
determine on 01/18/2021
RC
1. main point
2. structure
Articulate main point of passage every time
key words
- contrasting approaches
- 1st approach: Buel
- 2nd approach: lebsock
L more direct than B about women's status
Tip
- speed up when fits
- slow up when unexpected
details about L > B
Key words
- more importantly
- in contrast
Instructor's note:
- regarding women's history: L's is better than B's
Start
- with wrong
both sides
- easy first
write about history in 2 approaches
- two sides of a debate: means debate each other
Ice ages caused untestable
M's theory:
ice age caused by variations in earth's orbit around sun,
isotope makes it testable
Structure
1. intro to an untested theory
2. a method for testing
3. 2 adv. of method
4. alternate method
main point questions
1. not look back
2. work from w - r
Structure
- speed up when meet expectation
- slow down when surprised
Ecoefficiency
2 suggest
why
better way
Points
1. focus on the time tense for point in passage
- passage: future, ans: have already
2. passage has to directly say something to be true
- successful?
Daily Practice
- read off of screen
- read other materials
2 hours big break 2 hours
1 day a week no GMAT
half wd half wk
exercise regularly, mix exercise and learning
-----
Quant
1. Fraction
2. Ratios
3. LCM
4. Translation
1. manipulate fraction
2. move back and forth between fraction and ratio
3. translate between story and words
Fraction
1. visualize ratio in maps: xx : xxxxx
2. A is what fraction of xxxx: a / xxxx (after of)
Inscribe:
1. move this thing around, area same
2. think about what constitute this area, not needing number: AD x AB X 1/2 : AD x AB = 1/2
3. what fraction of ABCD is AED: AED / ABCD
Strategy
1. Glance on ans first
2. list ratio
3. find lcm
4. place in one big ratio
5. tag on
Steps:
1. Isolate, represent one sentence with math at one time
2. list
3. lcm
4. tag on
as many A as B
A/B
Represent difference as A-B: 20 more cats than dogs: A-B = 5-3
use original ratio to represent this difference
C-D : B + D
5-3: 7+3
2:10
x10
20:100
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-17 13:13
01/17/2021
Objective:
Verbal 30->46 +14 phase 1: 30->35 +5
Quant 37->51 +16 phase 1: 37->40 +3
Key Results:
1. 12x Pomodoroes on GMAT (Done 10.6)
2. Complete 1/2 of Verbal Session 2: CH 4, 10, 11 (Done half of ch4, most time on practice qs and explanation)
3. Complete Quant Session Math Workshop Part 4, 5 (done part 4, done 1/4 part 5)
总结1. 喝水，喝很多水，水壶带身上，买一瓶大水在小二
2. 24 hours cancellation on exam
3. 写一个整体的为什么考gmat的小文章，为什么想，多问几个为什么？不能停留在所谓爱它，然后加上考虑能：能力，客观主观因素，长期的规划等，内心的坚定
Review Start complete
start practice
Idiom:
whether X (will happen) and
to what extent (it would do so)
include/including
- modifiers/structure
modifer
- must be placed close to noun.
read for meaning!
Placement of time prepositional phrase
Having won vs. winning
- focus on when he wins
Idiom
r: both X and Y
w: both X as well as Y
r: both in London and in Tokyo
r: in both London and Tokyo
w: both in London and Tokyo
now that he has returned: present tense
r: he is hoping/he hopes
performed
having won: won awards first, then performed
winning: performed and won at the same time
logic
he hopes to continue composing now that he has returned
Q984 SC
1. spot the key verb "create" in the subordinate clause
2.
structure:
lying produces reactions
those reactions create physiological responses
in turn:
- X causes Y and Y, IN TURN, casues Z
- best placed to show the 2nd event causes 3rd event
- if not, ambiguity, for example: at the end
emotional reactions in an individual that
- "in an individual" is a modifier for reactions
- that -> refer to reactions, not individual
- even though immediately after individual
- reactions is the main subject here
creating:
- participle not seperated by a comma -> describes noun directly attached
- ex: instability for a person hopping one: hopping -> person, not instability
Logic:
- r: lying -> produces reaction -> create responses
- w: lying -> produce reaction -> in individual (who is) creating responses
- reactions occur only in individuals who have been creating unconcious phy responses for some other reason.
lying produces emotional reactions in an indivudal that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses
- this make more sense
infinitive:
- one things was done on purpose in order to cause another thing to happen
- to create: A happens on purpose to create another thing
- w: lying produces emotional reactions on purpose in order to create unconscious responses
- == in order to create
grammarly equal
- responses that are unconscious
- unconscious responses
1. compares key verb
create vs. creates
creating, who creates: individual who creates: meaning
to create: in order to, on purpose, meaning
2. in turn, place between 2nd and 3rd
Quant Workshop part 4
+/- fraction:
- find LCM of both denominator
- find prime box for both
to find LCM
ex: 15 and 20
- find prime box: 3 x 5, 2 x 2 x 5
- lcm: contain all element at least once: 2^2 x 3 x 5 = 60
zoom in/out
ex: 3/4 + 2/7
- zoom in: lcm of 4 and 7 is 28:
- 28 x (3/4) x 1/28 + 28 x (2/7) x 1/28
- 21/28 + 8/28
- = 29/28
compare fraction
ex: 7/9 and 5/7
- lcm of denominator: 63
- just x63 for both and compare
- no need to zoom out (x 1/63)
- 63 x 7/9 vs. 63 x 5/7
- 49 vs. 45
- 49 bigger: 7/9 bigger
fraction-idea:
-convert to integer
ratio vs. actual
- ratio never change, like ruler in map
- assign actual number to either, will find actual number of others using ratio
to be continued...
Q: number line, fraction, least distance
1. isolate: on the number line, the segement from 0 to 1,
2. didvided into fifths: 1/5
- fraction -> ratio same
- 0 to 35, (ZOOM IN) divided in to fifths 5, 10, 15...
3. also seventh: 1/7, small ticks
- 7, 14, 21, 28
4. least possible distance between any two:
- label all fifths and seventh
- very easy on 0 to 35, all fifths and seventh
5. easy to see: 14-15, 20-21:
6. distance: 1 / number line total (35-0) = 1/35
Key:
1. see fraction->zoom in/out ex: 0-1, fifth, seventh -> 0 to 35
2. label everything that is given: 5, 10, 15 ... 7, 14, 21, 28
3. very easy to see the difference
Visualize Relationship addition
- flat change
- number line: + pos -> move to the right of x, + neg-> to left of x
multiplication
- (by >1) further from 0, if start from right of 0, further right,
- (by > 1) if start from left of 0, further left
- (by 0 < x< 1) more towards 0
part 5: 24:30 10:00pm
isolate variable
- do the SAME for BOTH sides
FOCUS on the accumulation of 120 hours!
其他都是浮云
Verbal Ch4 Modifier Reading
Modifier:
- extra info about sth. else in the sentence
-
Noun./ Adverbial modifiers
- modify noun
- modify all else
- adverbial modifers modify some action (noun could be part of it)
Adjectives and adverbs
- adj modify only a noun
- adverb modify anything but a plain noun
- The smart STUDENT WORKS quickly
only
- only make: only modify make: only make one thing: bike
- make only bike: only modify bike: make one kind of bike
placement for only one meaning
- so rare that it is found in only one habitat
- w: only the highest humidity level
adj and adv usage
- illogical: M's grandmother is his supposed Irish ancestor: supposed for ancestor,
---but is always his grandmother, so illogical
- clear meaning: M's grandmother is his supposedly Irish ancestor: s for Irish, maybe
---maybe not I
-- ex: corresponding, frequent, independent, rare, recent, seeming, separate, siginificant, supposed, usual
-- decide what the word is modifying: adj for n. adv for else
Modifier vs. core part 1
Nonessential Mod
- stop at the first house, which is red
- can delete still same meaning
- with comma
essential mod
- stop at the first house that is red ( could be the fifth that's red)
- delete? change meaning
- part of the core description of house
- no comma
comma which
- nonessential n. mod
that
- never with comma
- always essential n. mod
ans: that vs. which: e vs. noneess
3 most common mod
- pp
- -ing
- -ed
ask the question
- what does this mod describe?
- n.
- not just noun: in some countries, mergers are not allowed: where not allowed
- refer to meaning
Cross off
- mod could refer to > 1 thing or action: ambiguity
- what it refer to is illogical
-ing and -ed
- not with comma: noun mod
- ex: engineer running the meeting
- comma + xxing: problem, earning herself a promotion: adverbial mod
- where: before mod, after, both
- the candidate interviewed
- ex: excited by the new chance,
strip mod out
- if still can understand basic sentence without
, + pp/-ing/ed
- adverbial
- nonessential
- just ignore
no , +
- n. mod
- essential
- sometimes nonessential: judge by meaning
Which vs.-ing
- , which: n. mod: nearby noun,
- , -ing: action mod
- ex: xxx, leading.... / decrease has led to ...
noun modifiers
- n. mod answer a specific question you can ask about a n.
- ex: the cat on the couch
p 54. 9:39pm
noun modifier markers: which, that, who and more
adverbial modifiers
modifier markers:prepositions
modifier markers:-ing and -ed words
modifier vs. core part 2
modifier markers:subordinators
quantity
----------
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-18 10:09
01/18/2021
Objective:
1. GMAT Verbal 46 Quant 51
2. Achieve Exceptional in all 4 ECON
Key Results:
1. 11+ Pomodoroes
2. Read Syllabus of all 5 ECON courses
3. Start reading chapter 1 of all courses
4. Verabl read ch 4, 5
5. Quant Workshop part 5 finish
6. Vocab 10 mins+
Others
Phone GMAT done
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Research Course
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enroll in some gmat forum discussion
Pomodoroes record
1
2
3
4
5 read microeconomics chapter 1 6 pages?
6
7
8
All the verbal ch4 p54
Noun Modifiers
- noun and noun modifiers placed very close together usually
Rule: Place a noun and its modifier as close together as the sentence allows
Adverbial modifier:
- more flexible
Opening Modifer
- mod, b/c cannot stand as its own sentence
- don't tell you who and what its talking about
2 modifiers for one noun
The box of nails, which is nearly full, ....
w: the box, which is full, of nails...
- of nails: essential mod
precedence
- essential mod > nonessential
,which
- always nonessential
Always ask the qs
- what does this mod describe?
Better option
- n. modifier closer to n
- move adverbial mod to somewhere else so noun mod be closer to noun.
Possessive nouns are not actually noun.
- ex: Bill's celebration
- w: happy about his raise, Bill's celebration ....
作者: Daisy_he 时间: 2021-1-18 14:08
楼主好棒，期待好消息～加油！
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-19 16:14
01/19/2021
Objective
1. Brandon Wu - 780 GMAT
Verbal 46
Quant 51
2. Prep for wednesday's class
Key Result
1. 1 quant, 1 verbal
2. skim first few chapters 303
3. skim first few chapters 340
Verbal CH4
summary:
- 5 pomodoroes
- I can work harder, just one more pomodoro here and there
- in stead of complaining, think about what you can do to improve
Noun modifier markers: which, that, who, more
Noun modifier: usually: which who whose whom: always n. mod
- others: that: follows immediately after noun is noun modifier
- sub-verb-THAT-sub-verb
who, whom: always people
which: non-people
whose: ppl/non-ppl
prep-which/prep-whom
-invert
- the canal through which wate flows
invert -> water flows through the canal
- if inverted correct, orginal correct too
where/when
- n./adverbial mod
where
- only actual place: area, site, state/province, country
- cannot mod a metaphorical place: condition, situation, case, circumstance, arrangement
- use in which instead
- w: an arrangement where he ...
- r: an a- in which he ...
- after invert, change a/an/the is ok
when
- n. mod: event, time, period, age, 1987, decade
- same as: in which, during which
- r: period when ...
- r: period during which ...
Adverbial Modifier
- placement less strict
- but need place in place make sentence logical
- ex: A rapidly filled ...
Modifier Marker: prepositions
singal adv. mod
- how, when, where, why, how much
resulting in
- -ing + prep
- first word -ing
- no , -> n. mod
Lack of a xxx
- of a xxx is n. mod for Lack
common factor
- common is n. mod
-ing/-ed + ,
- adv. mod
- placement flex
Present participle/past participle
- -ing, -ed
-ing as mod
- most of the time
- can be noun: running is fun
she is running
- is running (verb)
- must have "is" to be verb
noun mod
- the girl playing soccer (no comma = noun nod) is my ..
adv mod
- SHE STAYED all day, playing soccer until she was the only one left on the field(adv mod)
exception:
- , including: noun mod: she likes puzzles, including, xx, yy, and zz.
- including's synonym
3 common type -ed
- verb: she played...
- n mod: expired lottery TICKET (no ,)
- adv mod: exhausted from her job, SHE BOUGHT... (when with , and seperated)
- HAS TO MAKE SENSE WITH WHOLE CLAUSE!
Sequence in participle mod
ok:
- she slipped on the ice, breaking her ankle
modifier vs. core part 2
if a modifier comes after the conjunction
- it is moding the second part of the sentence (clause)
- ex: but in calling for xxxx, the employees: refers to em calling for xx,
- if not logical-> problem
- r: but in calling for xxx, SHE UPSET
sequence
- B, adv mod, n mod: bad, b/c n mod should be close to n.
- ok: adv mod, B does sth, yet does another thing.
page 62, middle
Quant
Elimination method to solve 2 equations, 2 variables
- isolate variables you don't want
- stack/add
- remember to add/multiply both sides
word problem
- analyze ans choices first
- if straightforward, look at question then
- if straighforward again, use ans b/d
- sub in to see if make sense
- work backwards
- only use algebra 10% of time
part 5
-> 44:58
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-19 16:15
太蟹蟹你的支持啦！It means a lot to me! 我也一起期待一下！
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-20 14:56
01/20/2021
Objective:
1. verbal 46
2. quant 51
3. Insead
Key result:
1. finish verbal ch 4
2. practi
3. finish quant workshop part 5
Verbal
Mod Markers: Subordinators
ex: although the economy is strong, the xxx is xxx.
- almost a complete sentence except starting with a subordinator
- always adv. mod
sub clause has own subject
- opening mod: although strong now, + noun (right after ,)
- vs. sub clause: although the economy is strong, + a dif subject
common sub ord
- after, although, because, before, if, since
- so that, that, unless, until, when, while
- similar function to FANBOYS
contrast
- meaning need to demonstrate
ONly one connecting word per connection
- although, no yet
!!
- nouns in pp cannot be subjects
- ex: about the environmental damage
Sentence Structure
- ok: sub - verb THAT subject verb
- noun after that(subordinator) can be subject
right but weird
- subject + verb + mod with noun(damage) - mod - mod, damage that may be impossible to reverse.
- additional info
- synonym ok
Quantity
countable things
- try counting the things
coutable mod
- many hats, few stores, fewer children, fewest shoes, number of chairs, numerous books
- feelings
uncountable mod
- much patience, little merchandise, less money, least greed, amount of furniture, great courage
both c/uc mod
- more, most, enough, all
w: less for countable
less than 20 dollars
its numbers are greater than
price of silver increased by 10 dollars
vs. is five dollars greater than price
that cannot refer to people
whose -> ok for non-human entities
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-21 16:34
01/21/2021 周四
Objective:
1. Be with MBA people
2. Be with knowledageble/positive Asian business professional
Key Result:
1. 7 pomodoroes
2. 1x stat lecture, done 1xmacro lecture done
3. 2x verbal, 1-1.5x quant, 1-1.5x reflect
Start
Verbal
finish ch4 reading + practice
start ch10 reading 0.5 pomo
RC
- find the simple story
first 1 to 3 sentences
- read carefully
- easier words telling you what's going on
p160
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-22 16:19
01/22/2021
Objective:
1. Be together with cool MBA people
2. Be together with smart Asian business people
Key Results:
1. 11 pomodoroes
2. 4x Econ lectures Stat, 3x verbal, 3x quant, 1x reflect/plan, 1x presentation prep,
3. visualize being together with them
总结
1. 7点半前可以到汇悦城星巴克外面的桌子，7点半后进去
2. 带2顿粥
3. try listening to an audio clip of relaxation when tired from meditation planet
4. up 8:30am, watch lecture at 9:20am
5. dont like in kfc
Verbal
1:48pm
Chapter 10 summary
1. find the 10-sec version of simple story of the passage
2. pay attention to the view and opinion and some key words of the passage
3. skip the detail for now
4. think about why an example is presented, support and against
5. what is the author trying to convey
6. focus on the market words for opinion: yet, true...
4 steps to simple story
1. get oriented
2. find main idea of each paragraph
3. set details aside
4. articulate simple story
Abstract each answer
Summary of chapter 11
Enagae with passage
- Robyn, I think you will like this, I read a passage saying that ....
-
Passage components
- thesis statement
- support, against, examples
1 sentence basic idea
support, background, counter points, acknoledgements, implications
1. oriented
2. main idea
3. aside details
4. articulate simple
big picture
- in general, to a great extent, broadly speaking, in conclusion, in sum,
- in brief, therefore, thus, so hence, as a result, overall
- to begin with, next, finally, again
- x argues that, x contends that, theory, hypothesis
foreshawing
- traditionally, for some time, it was once believed, it had been assumed
- some people claim (believe, define, attribute), it is true that
- statement of a problem/question
- current theory, conventional wisdom
change of direction
- however, yet, on on hand, while, rather, instead, in contrast, alternatively
- granted, it is true that, certainly, admittedly, despite, although
- actually, in fact, indeed, surprisingly (unexpected result)
- nevertheless, nonetheless, that said, even so
- supposedly, it was once thought, seemingly, for some time
detail
- for example, in particular, for instance
- furthermore, moreover, in addition, as well as, also, likewise, too
- likewise, in the same way
- in other words, that is, namely, so to speak, ;
breaking down complex sentences
1. break into smaller, ignore jargon
2. connect to known, simplier
3. like to previous
4. anticipate
Quant
作者: 狮子发-GMAT 时间: 2021-1-24 13:15
01/24/2021
Objective
1. heart
2. together
3. verbal 46 quant 51
Key Results
1. 10x p
2.
Verbal
- finished practice ch11
- start reading ch 12
key
- main points
- key words very important
- vocab important
quant workshop part 5
ratio/percent/proportion:
- goal: convert into simple whole number ratio between
- connect through one common ratio
difference does not tell you ratio
- b/c lack of context
作者: Daisy_he 时间: 2021-1-27 12:47
为啥这两天没有更新了呀？
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