1. 结论信号词
在很多GMAT批判性推理的考题中,结论的前面会出现一个信号词。当出现这类信号词时,身后必然出现该推理文段的结论。这类信号词包括:therefore, consequently, clearly, thus等等。下文例题中用了结论信号词therefore:
The country of Baurisia has, until now, been self-sufficient in both grain and meat. However, with growing prosperity, Baurisia has come a steadily increasing per capi-ta consumption of meat, and it takes several pounds of grain to produce one pound of meat. Therefore, since per capita income in Baurisia is almost certain to rise fur-ther but increases in domestic grain production are highly unlikely, Baurisia is soon likely to become an importer of grain.
Therefore之后为结论句部分(虽然最后的小半句“Baurisia is soon likely to become an importer of grain”才是真正的结论句,但是找到therefore,也就基本找到结论句了)。
2. 被支持的句子
有些GMAT考题中没有结论信号词,抑或是我们人为地将例题中的therefore去掉,例如:
The country of Baurisia has, until now, been self-sufficient in both grain and meat. However, with growing prosperity, Baurisia has come a steadily increasing per capi-ta consumption of meat, and it takes several pounds of grain to produce one pound of meat. Since per capita income in Baurisia is almost certain to rise further but in-creases in domestic grain production are highly unlikely, Baurisia is soon likely to become an importer of grain.
从经验上讲,很多题目的结论句都出现在推理文段的末尾。因此,请对末尾的句子更加留心。
并非除掉结论外的所有句子都是前提,大部分句子只是背景而已。例如上文,最直接能推理得出结论的句子为:
Since per capita income in Baurisia is almost certain to rise further but in-creases in domestic grain production are highly unlikely
这句话是前提句,其余的句子皆为背景。