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标题: 【揽瓜阁2.0】Day12 2020.06.26【自然科学-环境】 [打印本页]

作者: 妥妥 时间: 2020-6-25 20:26
标题: 【揽瓜阁2.0】Day12 2020.06.26【自然科学-环境】

揽瓜阁俱乐部第二期

Day12 2020.06.26

【自然科学-环境】

Commonwealth nations to protect coral reefs with satellite technology

（810字精读必做篇）

Commonwealth countries are to gain free access to satellite technology that will help them monitor and protect their endangered coral reefs from threats such as climate breakdown, overfishing and pollution.

Commonwealth countries hold nearly half of the world’s remaining tropical coral reefs, with 47 out of the 54 member countries having a coastline. Nearly half of them are islands or groups of islands, which face particular threats from the climate crisis, and for whom coral reefs are often vital protections against storms as well as fish nurseries and tourist attractions.

“Whatever we do as a Commonwealth family will make a massive contribution to safeguarding the coral reefs that we are dependent on globally,” said Baroness Patricia Scotland, secretary general of the Commonwealth. “We feel this real responsibility around the world. The Commonwealth can change the trajectory of this crisis, if our members are willing to work together, and we will.”

Nearly all the reefs are at risk of extinction in the coming decades as the climate crisis takes hold, and nearly half of the world’s reefs have already been destroyed or badly damaged in the last 30 years owing to changes in the climate, overfishing, pollution and other exploitation. About 250 million people are directly dependent on coral reefs for their livelihoods.

The technology will use high-resolution satellite images and data analyses to allow marine scientists, government officials and policymakers to monitor the health of coral reefs and take the action needed to protect them. Software will be provided to countries free through the Commonwealth’s partnership with Vulcan Inc, a US-based group founded by Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist Paul Allen, and a new interactive coral reef map will be hosted online at the Commonwealth Innovation Hub.

“[Countries] need data to know what they can do within their tight budgets,” Scotland told the Guardian in an interview. “Being able to share information will galvanise us.”

She said the climate and ecological crises, as well as the coronavirus pandemic, required urgent action, and the health of the oceans was a key part of the global ecosystem. “The world is saying to us, ‘I can’t breathe,’” she said. “When we stop [exploiting it], nature restores itself very rapidly. But we have not got a lot of time.”

The Commonwealth will open up a demonstration of the project on Monday, designated as World Oceans Day, as countries around the world seek to improve the management of their own waters and the high seas.

In the UK, the government on Monday published a review of ocean protections that has recommended setting up new highly protected marine areas, where fishing, dredging, oil drilling, construction and all other forms of exploitation would be banned.

The UK currently has a “blue belt” network of 355 marine protected areas, where activities such as fishing are restricted. The review, led by former fisheries minister Richard Benyon, would require these to be expanded with new zones where everything would be off limits, except for shipping moving through the area and non-damaging leisure activities such as scuba diving and kayaking.

Joan Edwards, director of marine conservation at the Wildlife Trusts, said letting stretches of sea return to their natural state could be a revelation, in allowing marine life to recover after decades of overexploitation. “Our seas are in an impoverished state, and it’s hard for our generation to comprehend how abundant our waters once were. Cod were once as long and wide as humans are tall, and whales, dolphins and basking sharks were many times more common than they are today,” she said. “We need to let the sea show us what it’s capable of.”

Today’s marine protected areas serve only to maintain basic protections against some of the most damaging activities, such as bottom trawling, according to campaigners, and the protections vary across locations.

Ministers have yet to respond to the Benyon review’s findings. Philip Evans, an oceans campaigner at Greenpeace UK, said: “It’s important that these recommendations not only become a reality, but grow in ambition to cover at least 30% of the UK’s waters by 2030, instead of sitting on ministers’ desks gathering dust.”

The government is currently locked in a battle with the EU over fishing rights after Brexit. British fishermen argue that they have been disadvantaged for decades by agreements reached when the UK was joining the EU in the 1970s that gave greater access rights to foreign vessels, with the result that the majority of the catch in some UK waters now goes to EU fleets. But as part of any Brexit deal, the EU wants to preserve access to British waters for its vessels, as the fishing fleets in several member states would suffer otherwise.

Campaigners are concerned that amid the squabbles, the pledges by both the EU and the UK to halt overfishing and abide by scientific advice on catch size will be lost.

Source: The Guardian

【自然科学-环境】

Partnering to Reduce Ocean Plastics

（284字 2分21秒精听必做篇）

先做精听再核对原文哦~

温馨提示：音频中如听到专有名词不用逐一写下，可以缩写来区分和代替。比如：

公司名：

PepsiCo 百事可乐公司

Procter & Gamble 宝洁公司

Dow 陶氏公司

Danone 达能集团

Unilever 联合利华公司

Coca-Cola 可口可乐公司

国家名：

Indonesia 印度尼西亚

the Philippines 菲律宾

Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡

Vietnam 越南

[attach]250943[/attach]

An estimated 8 million metric tons of plastic pour into the oceans every year, amounting to the equivalent of one garbage truck every minute, USAID Counselor Chris Milligan told a crowd at the Wilson Center in Washington, D.C., this week.

“There are now five massive patches of floating garbage in the world’s oceans. We found microplastics in the Arctic Sea ice, at the most remote stretches of islands in the Pacific and in the deepest ocean trenches.”

Most ocean plastics comes from land-based sources, said Counselor Milligan:

“An enormous amount comes from cities in the developing world which cannot adequately manage their waste. This includes a number of cities in the rapidly urbanizing countries of South and Southeast Asia. … Ocean plastic waste is a global problem, but waste management is a local issue.”

That is why USAID has joined forces with Circulate Capital, a firm dedicated to incubating and financing companies and infrastructure that prevent ocean plastic pollution. The firm’s funding is backed by $100 million in commitments from numerous multinational corporations including PepsiCo, Procter & Gamble, Dow, Danone, Unilever, and Coca-Cola. In what is called a Blended Finance Agreement, USAID will provide Circulate Capital with a $35 million, 50 percent loan-portfolio guarantee.

This will help lessen risk for private investors and incentivize private capital investment and new business development in recycling, trash collection, and related businesses in Indonesia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. This program will create a new recycling market in these countries, making plastics too valuable to dump into the ocean.

“Our goal, said Counselor Milligan, “is to promote a partner’s self-reliance so that they can participate in the world economy as equals and join us in addressing global challenges.

Source: VOA

【笔记格式要求】

精读笔记格式要求：

1.总结文章中心大意

2.总结分论点或每段段落大意

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子

4.总结文章中的生词

5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间

精听笔记格式要求：

1.逐句听写整篇文章

2.对照原文修改听写稿，标记出错原因

3.总结文章中心大意

4.总结精听过程中的生词

5.记录听写时间、总结时间、总时间

这里也给大家两点学习小建议哦~

精读：如遇到读不懂的复杂句，建议找出句子主干，分析句子成分，也可以尝试翻译句子来帮助理解~

精听：建议每句不要反复纠结听，如果听 5 遍都没听出来，那就跳过，等完成后再回听总结原因，时间宝贵，不要过于执着哦~

作者: 妥妥 时间: 2020-6-25 20:26

揽瓜阁俱乐部，自「language」一词谐音而来，是一个为帮助大家提升英语语言能力而建立的学习小团队。在这里，我们将定时发布涵盖各类话题的外刊语料，供大家练习精听、精读。同时还设置了严格的打卡机制，督促大家克服懒惰坚持学习。

同时我们也招募volunteer协助维护团队，确保学习活动顺利开展~大家一起营造积极向上的学习氛围~

想要提升英语能力的小伙伴，快快添加微信（theTOEFL）报名加入吧，让妥妥带你观尽天下新鲜事，览遍四海热议瓜～

如果你想加入，可以直接在本帖下完成你的学习笔记！如果想进入学习群聊，请直接联系妥妥。

作者: 嬛嬛浅笑梨涡 时间: 2020-6-26 10:39
Day12打卡

[attach]251005[/attach]

作者: Dovis 时间: 2020-6-26 10:46
揽瓜阁 Day 12
精听
文章大意
由于发展中国家城市化过程中，无法充分管理废弃物，大量垃圾倾倒海中引发海洋塑料污染。USAID联手Circulate Capital致力于为防止海洋塑料污染的公司和基础设施提供孵化和融资，试图发展废物回收利用业务，降低海洋污染。
生词摘录
Urbanize v 城市
Incubate 孵(卵); 孵化; 培养(细胞、细菌等); 有(传染病在体内)潜伏
用时记录
通读 5min 听写23min 共计35min[attach]251006[/attach]

作者: Dovis 时间: 2020-6-26 11:27

揽瓜阁 Day 12

精读 Commonwealth nations to protect coral reefs with satellite technology

一文章大意

英联邦国家将免费获得卫星技术，通过卫星图像和数据分析来监测珊瑚礁生存状态并采取必要措施。一些海洋保护者建议，海洋保护还可以扩展到其他行为，以恢复海洋自然状态。

二段落总结

英联邦国家将要获得免费的卫星技术，用于保护濒危的珊瑚礁。
54个英联邦国家中有47个拥有海域，所属的热带珊瑚礁占世界现存的一半，保护珊瑚礁对保护环境以及当地旅游十分重要。
如果英联邦国家众志成城保护珊瑚礁，也会是对全球环境做出了巨大贡献。
在接下来的几十年里，几乎所有珊瑚礁都会因为自然环境的变化和人类的不当行为造成严重损害甚至灭绝。
卫星技术可以利用卫星图像和数据分析来监测珊瑚礁的生存状态来采取必要措施。
数据分析和信息共享对于英联邦国家十分重要。
气候和生态上的危机，是生态系统散发出人类要更快采取行动的讯号。
英联邦国家将会进行项目演示。
英国政府周一发表了一份关于海洋保护的评估报告，建议规范人类的海域行为。
有官员建议，将英国拥有由355个海洋保护区组成的“蓝带”网络进一步扩大。
Joan Edwards建议，让海洋恢复以往的自然状态。
当今的海洋保护区仅能为一些破坏性最大的活动提供基本保护，并且保护因地而异。
海洋保护不仅仅要拥有雄心壮志，更重要的是采取实际行动。
英国脱欧后，政府目前正与欧盟就捕鱼权展开斗争。
此项运动的领导者担心，因为捕鱼权的斗争，欧盟和英国都会丢失之前的承诺：停止过度捕捞，遵守有关渔获量。

三生词摘录

trajectory (射体在空中的) 轨道，弹道，轨迹

galvanise 激励；镀锌；通电流于

dredge疏浚; 清淤; 挖掘; 打捞; 采捞; 捞取; (用面粉、糖等) 撒，涂

revelation 被暴露的真相; 被曝光的秘闻; 披露; 揭露; (上帝的) 启示

squabble (为琐事) 争吵，发生口角

comprehend 理解; 领悟; 懂

四句子摘抄

五用时记录

通读 5.8min 总结29min 共计37min

作者: lucin 时间: 2020-6-26 12:11
Day12

作者: MJ-MJ 时间: 2020-6-26 12:21
MJ-MJ[attach]251015[/attach][attach]251012[/attach][attach]251013[/attach][attach]251014[/attach]

作者: Garfieldsu 时间: 2020-6-26 12:49
day 12 打卡

作者: gamtchong 时间: 2020-6-26 12:50
全文大意：大量的塑料垃圾充斥在海洋中，并且大部分来自正在进行城市化的发展中国家，因为他们无法完备的处理这些垃圾，USAID对有关公司和基础设施提供资金，有利于全新的回收市场的形成，进而保护海洋。
生词：
incubate孵化
incentivize刺激
听写时间：27 总结时间：5 总时间：32

作者: 904 时间: 2020-6-26 15:39
Day 12

作者: ppxstar 时间: 2020-6-26 16:32
Day 12打卡

作者: YLEmily 时间: 2020-6-26 16:59
DAY 12

作者: 青果_lw 时间: 2020-6-26 17:58
Day 12 打卡[attach]251028[/attach][attach]251027[/attach]

作者: 木辛青 时间: 2020-6-26 19:12
打卡卡

作者: ANDREWORTH 时间: 2020-6-26 19:34
d12打卡

作者: KLYnn 时间: 2020-6-26 20:47
打卡～

作者: 啊哒 时间: 2020-6-26 21:03
打卡

作者: N0ire 时间: 2020-6-26 21:22
D12

作者: 六元的小心心 时间: 2020-6-26 21:23
Day12

作者: 干掉他没商量 时间: 2020-6-26 21:37
[attach]251040[/attach]
day 12
干掉他没商量

作者: 项斐 时间: 2020-6-26 21:44
D12

作者: coloursyan 时间: 2020-6-26 21:50
6.26

作者: 大白酱ann 时间: 2020-6-26 21:50
Day12

作者: wanglu1994143 时间: 2020-6-26 21:52
打卡

作者: llzzzzzy 时间: 2020-6-26 21:53
llzzzzzy 打卡day12

作者: 龙驾马 时间: 2020-6-26 21:56
阅读笔记

中心大意

英联邦国家将获得免费的卫星技术，以帮助他们在保护珊瑚礁等海洋生态系统上做出更好的成果。

第一段英联邦国家将免费获得卫星技术专利，来帮助他们在检测海洋生态环境，避免过度捕捞和污染。

第二段英联邦国家拥有近全世界一般的热带珊瑚礁，目前正在面临气候危机的威胁。

第三段英联邦秘书长表示，英联邦将致力于保护其成员的珊瑚礁资源

第四段未来数十年，随着气候危机和过渡不牢，珊瑚礁将受到严重威胁

第五段卫星技术可以通过高分辨率图像和数据分析，为科学家和政府官员的决策提供科学依据。

第六段苏格兰在接受媒体访问时表示这些数据你在即使预算有限的情况下发挥很好的作用。

第七段她表示海洋生态健康也是全球生态健康的重要部分

第八段英联邦将在世界海洋日启动该项目

第九段英国最近已经发布了一份海洋保护的评估报告，建议从更高的高度去建立海洋保护区域和完善相关措施。

第十段英国目前拥有计百出海洋保护区所组成的网络

第十一段衍生动物基金会表示这个项目可能是一个修复海洋生态的良好示范

第十二段该基金会专家称目前的海洋保护措施还是很有限的

第十三段英国政府还未更进一步表态，但绿色和平组织已经对高标准的生态保护有所期待

第十四段英国目前还需要处理脱欧后的相关捕鱼权问题

第十五段竞选者担心，英国和欧盟关于捕鱼权的争论，可能导致双方过去的停止过渡捕捞承诺不再生效。

句子摘抄

Nearly half of them are islands or groups of islands, which face particular threats from the climate crisis, and for whom coral reefs are often vital protections against storms as well as fish nurseries and tourist attractions.

Nearly all the reefs are at risk of extinction in the coming decades as the climate crisis takes hold, and nearly half of the world’s reefs have already been destroyed or badly damaged in the last 30 years owing to changes in the climate, overfishing, pollution and other exploitation.

Today’s marine protected areas serve only to maintain basic protections against some of the most damaging activities, such as bottom trawling, according to campaigners, and the protections vary across locations.

生词摘抄

philanthropist n.慈善家

trajectory n.轨道轨迹

exploitation n.开发开采利用

revelation n.启示揭露

trawling n.拖网作业

阅读时间13分钟总结时间27分钟总计40分钟

听力笔记

[attach]251062[/attach][attach]251063[/attach]

文章大意

目前海洋中有大量的塑料污染物，最近美国国际开发署开始和民间企业，民间资本合作，对塑料污染治理领域给予更多的资金支持。

生词摘抄

equivalent a.等价的
urbanize v.都市化
reliance n.信赖

听写时间 29分钟总结时间 26分钟总计55分钟

作者: ling0602 时间: 2020-6-26 21:56
DAY 12

作者: cgvmc 时间: 2020-6-26 21:57
DAY12

作者: はな 时间: 2020-6-26 22:01
打卡

作者: SereneG76 时间: 2020-6-26 22:09
精读时间 40分钟

精听时间 50分钟

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