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标题: 【揽瓜阁2.0】Day11 2020.06.25【人文科学-建筑】 [打印本页]

作者: 妥妥 时间: 2020-6-24 20:27
标题: 【揽瓜阁2.0】Day11 2020.06.25【人文科学-建筑】

揽瓜阁俱乐部第二期

Day11 2020.06.25

【人文科学-建筑】

Pyongyang’s Retro Sci-Fi Architecture

（890字精读必做篇）

In July 2015, the two of us stepped off a plane at the newly opened airport in Pyongyang, North Korea. It was our first time in the country. As architects based in Beijing, we were well acquainted with the world’s cities and skyscrapers, but North Korea was a dark spot in our mental map — filled in, as it was for most people, by preconceptions and stereotypes that rendered the so-called Hermit Kingdom in black and white. We had tried to leave those ideas behind, but we didn’t expect that this first visit would leave us with such a sense of confusion, one where the difference between what was real and genuine was muddled by what was ostensibly staged or faked.

As soon as we left, we knew we had to return. Over the next four years we made three more visits, facilitated by a Beijing-based travel company called Koryo Tours. Over time we decided to try to represent the complicated reality of Pyongyang through photography, which ended up in the form of a book, “Model City: Pyongyang.”

Pyongyang, a city of 3.2 million people, has a long history, but it was largely rebuilt after the Korean War (called the “American War” in North Korea) by the newly founded Communist government, which intended it to be a model city for a new society. North Korean society is built around “juche ideology,” a homegrown form of socialism based on self-reliance, and it infuses everything in the city, especially the architecture. “On Architecture,” an essay by Kim Jong Il, who ruled from 1994 to 2011, sets out juche-informed rules regarding axis, control of heights, framing of space and so on, and they are recognizable everywhere in the city.

Still, different architectural phases are noticeable in the city, from an early radical, brutalist period to the modernist and postmodern, up to the new developments created under the current leader, Kim Jong Un, where pastel colors and futuristic shapes are applied to super high-rise buildings, in a retro science-fiction style.

Architects have long dreamed of such “total planning,” so it was not difficult for us to fall in love with this city. We wanted to reveal to the world its beauty, a beauty of a different kind, to be preserved when a necessary and inevitable change will eventually occur. In the last four years, the initial fascination we had as architects slowly transformed into empathy for a city with such a strong and peculiar cultural identity, and especially for its people, for whom we hope the future will unfold for the better.

Our photography portrays the puzzling feeling of “fictional reality” that we experienced in North Korea. We took inspiration from a ubiquitous feature in North Korean art: In painting, sculpture and propaganda posters, the sky is represented as a simple gradient of colors, like a hyper-saturated sunset or sunrise, transforming the real into the ideal, a metaphor for the “utopia” of Pyongyang itself. The buildings and cityscapes in the book are framed using a classical architectural approach, with no significant editing, while the sky is completely replaced by a soft gradient of pastel colors, taken from the color palette used by Korean artists for the posters or by the architects for the facades. The contrast between the two parts of the photographs creates a visual juxtaposition where the real part (the building or the city) looks unreal and the unreal part (the sky) could actually be real.

Sticking to the rules is part of the game when you decide to go to North Korea. We won the trust of our guides, the only Koreans we had the opportunity to interact with. This trust not only gave us a certain level of freedom in photographing and getting information but also allowed us to achieve a closer human relationship with them, so we could talk about our lives and their lives, our reality and their reality.

We were amazed by some of our interactions. For example, one of them asked us if Michael Jackson had really died. We were in North Korea on Nov. 9, 2016, with no access to the news, and our guides — surprisingly — informed us about the election of Donald Trump. We met the architect who designed the new Pyongyang airport (which was a surprise, as some media reports said he had been killed because Kim Jong Un didn’t like the design), and we discovered that he spoke perfect Italian, having studied in Rome for five years. We ate a kimchi pizza together in a new futuristic residential neighborhood, and we ended up in a karaoke bar singing “Bella Ciao,” an old Italian song of the resistance against fascism, with our guides. They all knew the lyrics by heart.

The human side of Pyongyang is barely visible in the book; people are small presences in the grand urban space or in front of gigantic statues. But it’s there if you look carefully. For all the sober, clean, monumental urban structures, there are hidden spaces for leisure and entertainment, like the many parks — the city is one of the greenest in Asia — where people enjoy picnicking, singing and rollerblading. The political space of Kim Il Sung Square, where military parades and mass dances take place, faces the quiet riverfront stroll on the Taedong River, where people walk with children and enjoy the afternoon light.

Source: The New York Times

【人文科学-建筑】

Scenic City Sights Linked to Higher Happiness

（363字 2分13秒精听必做篇）

先做精听再核对原文哦~

[attach]250826[/attach]

One of the ugliest sights in Great Britain is a small power station outside Plymouth, England, its electrical lines and towers surrounded by a drab-colored fence. I know this not because I've been there—but because a photo of it has scored a measly 1 out of 10 on an online game called Scenic or Not. The game has viewers rate photos from all over the U.K. on their scenic beauty.

After a million and a half ratings of more than 200,000 photos, the site has classified more than 93 percent of Great Britain as scenic, or not, or somewhere in between. And now, a study in the journal Scientific Reports has used that data to show that our happiness increases in line with the scenic beauty around us. Which might sound kind of obvious.

"But what was I think surprising is we find that connection when they're in more built-up areas as well. So it's not just a natural area that might have an impact on happiness, but we might also feel happier in more beautiful areas in our cities."

Chanuki Seresinhe is a data scientist at the Warwick Business School and the Alan Turing Institute. Seresinhe and her team used data from the "Mappiness" iPhone app—which polled some 15,000 participants about their wellbeing a few times a day, over a three-year period. The app also pulled GPS data, which allowed Seresinhe and her team to correlate happiness ratings with the Scenic-or-Not rating of where a participant happened to be. The team found that as scenic beauty goes up, so does self-reported wellbeing. And that held true for areas featuring picturesque human-built structures, such as bridges and interesting architecture.

And though it's just a correlation for now, "I think what's interesting about this research is it shows that just a small injection of beauty into an area of a city can actually create happiness for possibly thousands of people that are being exposed to that."

Which could come in handy. Because the global population is forecast to grow to 11 billion by the end of the century—living mostly in cities. Which should be built to be as appealing as possible.

Source: Scientific American

【笔记格式要求】

精读笔记格式要求：

1.总结文章中心大意

2.总结分论点或每段段落大意

3.摘抄印象深刻或者觉得优美的句子

4.总结文章中的生词

5.记录阅读时间、总结时间、总时间

精听笔记格式要求：

1.逐句听写整篇文章

2.对照原文修改听写稿，标记出错原因

3.总结文章中心大意

4.总结精听过程中的生词

5.记录听写时间、总结时间、总时间

这里也给大家两点学习小建议哦~

精读：如遇到读不懂的复杂句，建议找出句子主干，分析句子成分，也可以尝试翻译句子来帮助理解~

精听：建议每句不要反复纠结听，如果听 5 遍都没听出来，那就跳过，等完成后再回听总结原因，时间宝贵，不要过于执着哦~

作者: 妥妥 时间: 2020-6-24 20:28

揽瓜阁俱乐部，自「language」一词谐音而来，是一个为帮助大家提升英语语言能力而建立的学习小团队。在这里，我们将定时发布涵盖各类话题的外刊语料，供大家练习精听、精读。同时还设置了严格的打卡机制，督促大家克服懒惰坚持学习。

同时我们也招募volunteer协助维护团队，确保学习活动顺利开展~大家一起营造积极向上的学习氛围~

想要提升英语能力的小伙伴，快快添加微信（theTOEFL）报名加入吧，让妥妥带你观尽天下新鲜事，览遍四海热议瓜～

如果你想加入，可以直接在本帖下完成你的学习笔记！如果想进入学习群聊，请直接联系妥妥。

作者: ANDREWORTH 时间: 2020-6-25 01:38
D11打卡

作者: 龙驾马 时间: 2020-6-25 09:50
阅读笔记

文章大意：作者是一位建筑师，曾到访平壤多次，此文写下了他对当地建筑和生活环境给他带来的感受。

第一段：作者在2015年来到了平壤，一下飞机就有了一种混乱的感觉。

第二段：作者在后续的几年里有三次访问了平壤。

第三段：平壤是一个在朝鲜战争后进行了重建的城市，其建筑业体收到政治思想的影响形成独特的风格。

第四段：在经过了两任领导人之后，平壤的建筑业经历了不同的阶段，呈现出了含着复古风的科幻风。

第五段：建筑师希望能在建筑上体现出强烈的规划后的美感，这也是作者喜欢其建筑的原因之一。

第六段：朝鲜的宣传海报中，作为建筑背景的天空常常被渲染成过于柔和的色彩，这与真实的建筑放在一起后产生了很奇特的视觉效果。

第七段：要在朝鲜观光，就必须遵守当地的各种规定，才能赢得当地的信任，进而获得的拍摄许可。

第八段：作者对朝鲜当地的信息获取限制感到惊讶，同时，也与当地一些同行开展交流。

第九段：只有亲身来到平壤，才能去感受到书中无法体会的各色建筑，宁静的公园，巨大的广场，以及在河滨漫步，享受午后阳光的平壤民众。

句子摘抄：

We had tried to leave those ideas behind, but we didn’t expect that this first visit would leave us with such a sense of confusion, one where the difference between what was real and genuine was muddled by what was ostensibly staged or faked.

Architects have long dreamed of such “total planning,” so it was not difficult for us to fall in love with this city.

We wanted to reveal to the world its beauty, a beauty of a different kind, to be preserved when a necessary and inevitable change will eventually occur.

For all the sober, clean, monumental urban structures, there are hidden spaces for leisure and entertainment, like the many parks — the city is one of the greenest in Asia — where people enjoy picnicking, singing and rollerblading.

生词摘抄：

acquainted a.熟识的

retro a.复古的

brutalist n.野兽派

futuristic n.未来主义的

rollerblading n.滚轴溜冰

阅读时间13分钟总结时间30分钟共计 43分钟

听力笔记

[attach]250940[/attach][attach]250941[/attach]

中心大意：

英国有很多不为人知的小景点，正在被人们通过在网络上共享照片而被更多人发现，这些在身边的看似不起眼的地点，正在给大家的生活增添亮色。

生词摘抄：

scenic n.景点

correlation n.相关

听写耗时 20分钟听力总结 20分钟共计40分钟

作者: 嬛嬛浅笑梨涡 时间: 2020-6-25 11:31
Day11打卡

[attach]250942[/attach]

作者: YLEmily 时间: 2020-6-25 13:38
DAY 11

作者: Garfieldsu 时间: 2020-6-25 16:46
day 11 打卡

作者: coloursyan 时间: 2020-6-25 17:04
6.25今日作业，+前期作业

作者: MJ-MJ 时间: 2020-6-25 17:10
MJ-MJ[attach]250953[/attach][attach]250954[/attach][attach]250955[/attach][attach]250952[/attach]

作者: 木辛青 时间: 2020-6-25 17:57
打卡卡

作者: lucin 时间: 2020-6-25 18:18
Day11

作者: 青果_lw 时间: 2020-6-25 18:59
Day 11[attach]250962[/attach][attach]250963[/attach]

作者: ppxstar 时间: 2020-6-25 19:32
打卡啦

作者: 大白酱ann 时间: 2020-6-25 19:34
Day11

作者: N0ire 时间: 2020-6-25 19:58
D11

作者: KLYnn 时间: 2020-6-25 20:03
打卡

作者: 六元的小心心 时间: 2020-6-25 20:34
打卡～

作者: Dovis 时间: 2020-6-25 20:47

揽瓜阁 Day 11

Dovis 2020 6 25

精读 Pyongyang’s Retro Sci-Fi Architecture

一文章大意

作者作为建筑家多次去平壤参观之后，通过摄影来描述他所看到的平壤印象，出版了《模范城市：平壤》，记录了朝鲜建筑和朝鲜人文。

二段落总结

2015年七月，作者作为建筑家在去完朝鲜平壤之后，以往对朝鲜的刻板印象被一种困惑感所代替。
去过朝鲜多次后，作者决定通过摄影来描述他眼中的平壤，出版了《模范城市：平壤》。
平壤，是朝鲜战争后，共产政府重新建立的基于自力更生的社会主义形式的标杆城市。
平壤这座城市，建筑风格多样，融合了以往的激进野蛮和后期的现代主义，以及如今的科幻风格。
平壤的建筑风格是建筑家们梦寐以求的“全面规划”的风格，作者因此希望向全世界展现它独特的美。
作者的摄影集中，依托于朝鲜艺术特征，描绘了在朝鲜经历的“虚构现实”的令人困惑的感觉。
在朝鲜，坚守规则是赢得信任的重要因素。
很多在朝鲜的交流使得作者惊讶。作者发现朝鲜人民并不想外界传言的形象，他们关心时政，了解西方文化。
在书中几乎看不到平壤的人文气息，它们藏在清醒，干净，具有纪念意义的城市结构的休闲娱乐隐蔽空间里。

三生词摘录

skyscraper 摩天大楼

muddle 弄乱; 搅混; 使困惑; 使糊涂; 混淆; 分不清

ostensibly 表面上

ideology 思想(体系); 思想意识; 意识形态; 观念形态

brutalist 野兽派; 野兽派艺术; 野兽派风格

Futuristic 极其现代的; 未来派的; 幻想未来的; 想象未来情况的

ubiquitous 似乎无所不在的; 十分普遍的

hyper-saturated 超饱和

fascism 法西斯主义

Gigantic 巨大的; 庞大的

四句子摘抄

we were well acquainted with the world’s cities and skyscrapers, but North Korea was a dark spot in our mental map — filled in, as it was for most people, by preconceptions and stereotypes that rendered the so-called Hermit Kingdom in black and white

In painting, sculpture and propaganda posters, the sky is represented as a simple gradient of colors, like a hyper-saturated sunset or sunrise, transforming the real into the ideal, a metaphor for the “utopia” of Pyongyang itself.

In the last four years, the initial fascination we had as architects slowly transformed into empathy for a city with such a strong and peculiar cultural identity, and especially for its people, for whom we hope the future will unfold for the better.

五用时记录

通读6.7min 总结 20min 共计41min

作者: gamtchong 时间: 2020-6-25 21:00
DAY 11

作者: 项斐 时间: 2020-6-25 21:35
D11

作者: 904 时间: 2020-6-25 21:49
Day11 6.25

作者: 啊哒 时间: 2020-6-25 21:50
打卡

作者: 干掉他没商量 时间: 2020-6-25 21:53
[attach]250984[/attach]
day 11
干掉他没商量

作者: llzzzzzy 时间: 2020-6-25 21:57
llzzzzzy day11打卡

作者: cgvmc 时间: 2020-6-25 21:59
DAY11

作者: はな 时间: 2020-6-25 22:00
day11 打卡

作者: Dovis 时间: 2020-6-25 22:10
精听 Scenic City Sights Linked to Higher Happiness
文章大意
《科学报告》研究小组发现，随着城市周围美景的增加，自我报告的幸福感也随之提高。因此向城市地区注入少量美光，实际上可以为成千上万的人带来幸福。
生词摘录
drab-colored 单调乏味的
measly 很小的; 很少的; 不足的
用时记录
通读 6min 听写38min 共计50min

作者: SereneG76 时间: 2020-6-25 22:41
精读 30分钟
阅读时间 6分钟

作者: wanglu1994143 时间: 2020-6-25 23:22
打卡

作者: ling0602 时间: 2020-6-25 23:40
DAY 11

作者: SereneG76 时间: 2020-6-26 23:17
精听好难啊
精听 55分钟
生词：
measly很小地

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