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标题: 求大神解释！！！it必须优先指代主句中的主语吗？ [打印本页]

作者: mivoylee 时间: 2018-11-1 10:03
标题: 求大神解释！！！it必须优先指代主句中的主语吗？
Scientists have identified an asteroid, 2000 BF19, that is about half a mile wide and, if it strikes Earth, it can do tremendous damage to part of the planet but probably not cause planetwide destruction.
A. and, if it strikes Earth, it can do tremendous damage to part of the planet but
B. and, if it would strike Earth, part of the planet could experience a tremendous amount of damage but
it would
C. and that, if it were to strike Earth, could do tremendous damage to part of the planet but would
D. and that, if Earth is struck by it, can do part of the planet tremendous damage, but it would
E. and that, if it strikes Earth, it could experience a tremendous amount of damage but
这里的解释是：b里的if右面的it，指代的都是后面主句中的主语（我加粗的部分）
可是it不是有指代对象就可以吗？为什么it不能指代前面句子中的an asteroid呢？单复数也正确呀
求大神解释！！

还有一个例子
The breakup of the world's largest telephone company, Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, was called for by a government advisory committee in Japan, so it would be two local phone companies and onelong-distance provider.
这是个错误例子，有一个错误原因是这个so后面的it指代的是the breakup，而逻辑上应该指代company。但the breakup和company都是前面出现过的名词啊，为什么it不能指代company呢？

以及：In Japan, a government advisory committee called for the breakup of Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Company, the largest telephone company in the world, so it would be two local phone companies and onelong-distance provider.
这个错误答案的有一个原因也是it指代的是government 而不是 company，不明白

作者: fuckoffand 时间: 2018-11-1 10:23
第一题是选a吗？
b项不知道楼主是不是看错解释了？应该是第二个"it"也就是but后面的it才是指代part of the planet吧，if后面那个肯定是指代asteroid；
关于pronoun 的splits，ron大神的意思是这个是最低等级的splits，只有在出现含糊指代不清的情况下才会作为split。
虽然不是很理解楼主第二个部分的问题，但从楼主的分析来看,it可以同时指代两个主语，那么就属于指代不清了

作者: mivoylee 时间: 2018-11-1 10:33

fuckoffand 发表于 2018-11-1 10:23
第一题是选a吗？
b项不知道楼主是不是看错解释了？应该是第二个"it"也就是but后面的it才是指代part of the ...

感谢回复！第一题应该选c。
a的错误是因为if表达的虚拟语气错了，后面不应该用can现在时，因为这个事件还没有发生

没有看错解释呀，所以才特别搞不懂，这个解释是prep08语法笔记上的解释，原话是：“if和but后面的it都指代pa rt of the planet”

关于ron对it的解释非常受用，那以后就最后考虑这个指代问题，非常感谢

作者: fuckoffand 时间: 2018-11-1 10:55

mivoylee 发表于 2018-11-1 10:33
感谢回复！第一题应该选c。
a的错误是因为if表达的虚拟语气错了，后面不应该用can现在时，因为这个事件还 ...

哦！明白了，因为and后面连的if是一个独立的句子了，把and前面的都去掉，变成 - if it would strike earth, part of the planet could...那么it refers back to part of the planet

e.g. Although she was late for school, Anna did not feel sorry about it.

作者: mivoylee 时间: 2018-11-1 10:57

fuckoffand 发表于 2018-11-1 10:55
哦！明白了，因为and后面连的if是一个独立的句子了，把and前面的都去掉，变成 - if it would strike eart ...

嗯嗯我也觉得应该是and后面连接的是独立的句子所以才这样～

但我之后的两个例子都是在同一个句子里的，但是解释也是说it要指代句子里的主语，所以比较疑惑

作者: fuckoffand 时间: 2018-11-1 10:58
而c的and 后面有that，就连接了两个部分scientists identified an asteroid..that is about half a mile wide and THAT if it were to...

作者: fuckoffand 时间: 2018-11-1 11:02
因为so连接了两个句子啊，擦掉modifier (n and t company）变成The breakup of the world's largest telephone company...was called for by a government advisory committee in Japan, so it would be two local phone companies and onelong-distance provider. 那么so后面的句子的it只能指代前面那个句子的主语the breakup了

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