ChaseDream

标题: 关于what主语从句谓语该用单数还是复数的问题 [打印本页]

作者: awsd987654 时间: 2018-9-9 01:03
标题: 关于what主语从句谓语该用单数还是复数的问题
我从RON的视频、曼哈顿笔记、RON在曼哈顿论坛上的解释中都看到，WHAT的主语从句，谓语一律用单数形式。例如OG中这道题：The period when the great painted caves at Lascaux and Altamira were occupied by Upper Paleolithic people has been established by carbon-14 dating, but what is much more difficult to determine are the reason for their decoration, the use to which primitive people put the caves, and the meaning of the magnificently depicted animals.
(A) has been established by carbon-14 dating, but what is much more difficult to determine are
(B) has been established by carbon-14 dating, but what is much more difficult to determine is
(C) have been established by carbon-14 dating, but what is much more difficult to determine is
(D) have been established by carbon-14 dating, but what is much more difficult to determine are
(E) are established by carbon-14 dating, but that which is much more difficult to determine is[size=14.007px]

[size=14.007px]OA: B
[size=14.007px]

[size=14.007px]我一直认为这条语法是没问题的，直到做到一道题，出自曼哈顿语法：
[size=14.007px]What concern scientists the most about global warming are the risks that the polar ice caps will melt, the seas will grow too warm to sustain marine life, and that violent weather patterns may result.
[size=14.007px]A are the risks that the polar ice caps will melt, the seas will grow too warm to sustain marine life, and that violent weather patterns may result
B is the risks that the polar ice caps will melt, that the seas will grow too warm to sustain marine life, and that violent weather patterns may result
C are the risks that the polar ice caps will melt, that the seas will grow too warm to sustain marine life, and that violent
weather patterns may result
D is the risks that the polar ice caps will melt, the seas will grow too warm to sustain marine life, and that violent
weather patterns may result
E are the risks of polar ice caps melting, seas growing too warm to sustain marine life, and that violent weather
patterns may result
OA:C
按照之前的语法，这道题应该选B才对。真心需要大N求救。我已经不知道是曼哈顿这道题出的不好还是我对这个语法点的理解真的不对。谢谢

作者: Raslian 时间: 2018-9-9 01:59
问题已解决帮顶

作者: kluivert 时间: 2018-9-9 15:28
The reason ,the use ,and the ... are what ...

The risks are what concern scientists ...

作者: awsd987654 时间: 2018-9-9 16:53

kluivert 发表于 2018-9-9 15:28
The reason ,the use ,and the ... are what ...

The risks are what concern scientists ...

但是第一题是is不是are

作者: kluivert 时间: 2018-9-9 17:20

实话说我也糊涂了
我原来的理解是what , how这种引导的句子作主语谓语动词要用单数，可又发现好像是倒装。。。类似于there be句型了

抱歉

希望有个大牛出来解释下
如果第二题答案是B，那我之前的理解就没错了 ... 谓语动词用单数

作者: awsd987654 时间: 2018-9-9 17:49

kluivert 发表于 2018-9-9 17:20
实话说我也糊涂了
我原来的理解是what , how这种引导的句子作主语谓语动词要用单数，可又发现好像是倒 ...

你跟我想的是一样的，所以我一直在想是不是第二题本身题目有问题

作者: kluivert 时间: 2018-9-9 18:15

awsd987654 发表于 2018-9-9 17:49
你跟我想的是一样的，所以我一直在想是不是第二题本身题目有问题

这道题出处是哪里呢找不到

作者: kluivert 时间: 2018-9-9 18:49
始终觉得不对我去看了ron的解释 ..除非verb前没有可以做主语的成分，才会出现倒置的主语。在这里都是what引导的从句做为句子主语，谓语动词应该为单数

还有what concern scientists ...我想应该是concerns

作者: awsd987654 时间: 2018-9-9 18:51

kluivert 发表于 2018-9-9 18:49
始终觉得不对我去看了ron的解释 ..除非verb前没有可以做主语的成分，才会出现倒置的主语。在这里都是what ...

我也是这么认为的，所以我之前做题目印象里碰到这种题选的都是单数，好像也没错过。
这道题出自曼哈顿模考，但是是比较早的题了

作者: Lostria 时间: 2018-9-9 18:52
看句子的主语核心词是什么，第一句是the reason, 第二句是risks

作者: kluivert 时间: 2018-9-9 19:07

Lostria 发表于 2018-9-9 18:52
看句子的主语核心词是什么，第一句是the reason, 第二句是risks

犯了和我一样的错误

Btw , 是the reason ..., the use ,,,.and the ...平行结构

Ron 确认正确的句子

What his father gave him is three books .

RonPurewal
Students

Posts: 19747
Joined: Tue Aug 14, 2007 8:23 am

Re: painted caves at Lascaux and Altamira

Fri Apr 12, 2013 5:22 am

cnhelen wrote:1) But don't we say: what his father gave him are a few books. ?

no, you would still write "is", because the subject of the verb is still what his father gave him, not a few books.

similarly:
Performed last weekend were three plays. (correct)
*Performed last weekend was three plays. (incorrect)

Sophocles's Oedipus cycle is three plays. (correct)
*Sophocles's Oedipus cycle are three plays. (incorrect)

if you find the subject in each of these, they should all make sense pretty quickly.

作者: Lostria 时间: 2018-9-9 19:13

kluivert 发表于 2018-9-9 19:07
犯了和我一样的错误

Btw , 是the reason ..., the use ,,,.and the ...平行结构

明白啦！！！！！

作者: kluivert 时间: 2018-9-9 19:18

Lostria 发表于 2018-9-9 19:13
明白啦！！！！！

可我还不明白，楼主说上面第二题答案为are

而且我觉得没划线部分有错误应该是 what concerns ... 而非 concern

作者: awsd987654 时间: 2018-9-9 19:33

Lostria 发表于 2018-9-9 18:52
看句子的主语核心词是什么，第一句是the reason, 第二句是risks

主语核心词和主语不一样吗？

作者: kluivert 时间: 2018-9-9 19:34
Substantive clauses and subject-verb agreement

Above, I cited the rough-and-ready rule — when a substantive clause is the subject of a sentence, it is generally construed as singular and takes a singular verb.  It’s unlikely you will see substantive clause used as subject at all on the real GMAT, and if even you do, you probably could just ignore the exception, choose the singular verb automatically, and you would be right 99% of the time.  Yes, there is an exception — the grand clarification of noun clauses and subject-verb agreement  —- and yes, I will discuss this, but first of all be aware: it is exceedingly unlike that a SC question on a live GMAT would ever stray into this territory.  For all intents and purposes, the discussion of this exception is “grammar beyond the GMAT.”

Here’s the exception.  If the substantive clause begins with a relative pronoun —- who, whom, what, where, whoever, whomever, whatever, wherever — then whether the clause is singular or plural depends on whether the relative pronoun itself is understood as singular or plural.

10) What annoys me is all the noise during the movie.

11) What annoy me are all the people who talk during the movie.

In #10, the relative pronoun is understood as singular, and thus the entire substantive clause is construed as singular: that’s why both verbs (“annoys”, “is”) are singular.  In #11, the relative pronoun is understood as plural, and thus the entire substantive clause is construed as plural: that’s why both verbs (“annoy”, “are”) are plural.

12) Whoever broke into your house in broad daylight ____ incredibly brazen.

Should this question have the singular “was” or the plural “were”?  That depends on whether we think one person or multiple people participated in this daylight break-in.  There’s absolutely no clue in the sentence that would help us to determine this (hence, this absolutely could not be a GMAT SC question!).  We would have to know or infer from context the correct verb to use.

Once again, this exception, while fascinating in and of itself, is far beyond anything you are even remotely likely to see on the GMAT.

作者: awsd987654 时间: 2018-9-9 20:28

kluivert 发表于 2018-9-9 19:34
Substantive clauses and subject-verb agreement

Above, I cited the rough-and-ready rule — when a su ...

厉害厉害！

作者: awsd987654 时间: 2018-9-9 20:36

kluivert 发表于 2018-9-9 19:34
Substantive clauses and subject-verb agreement

Above, I cited the rough-and-ready rule — when a su ...

这么说的话感觉看what后面跟的动词才比较好判断用is 还是用are啊

作者: 行素 时间: 2019-7-20 07:48

kluivert 发表于 2018-9-9 19:34
Substantive clauses and subject-verb agreement

Above, I cited the rough-and-ready rule — when a su ...

但如你所说，那What his father gave him is three books .就不是is而是are了，因为what代表的是three books

作者: 九阳神功豆浆机 时间: 2019-7-31 20:19
what is .... is/v-单数
what are .... are/V-复数

作者: 猫小新 时间: 2022-10-19 19:50
借帖回复一下，在之前被这个题弄得焦头烂额，看了RON的解释我自己觉得是这样的，不知道是否正确，仅给后来来查这道题的考友一个参考
RON原文，关于倒装与what：
in a sentence that has the construction "X is Y" -- if both X and Y are nouns/noun phrases/noun clauses -- the subject is X.
always.
therefore, the following two sentences are both correct:
the last three questions were the hardest part of the test.
the hardest part of the test was the last three questions.
in each of these constructions, the subject is before the verb.
the only time when you have a reverse construction (subject after verb) is when nothing in front of the verb is eligible to be the subject.
example:
on the table are two cell phones.
here, "on the table" cannot be a subject (prepositional phrases are not allowed to be subjects), so this sentence is forced to have a reverse construction.

you're also making another huge mistake here -- you are isolating the first part of a compound noun (i.e., a list connected with "and"). if you have a list of two or more things connected with "and", you must consider that construction as though it were a single word.

so, the part after the verb isn't just "the reason for their decoration"; it's ALL of "the reason for their decoration, the use to which primitive people put the caves, and the meaning of the magnificently depicted animals". if that were the subject of the clause (which it isn't), then you would actually need a plural verb.
然后第一个题what is...其性质就是名词，同时！what本来就是名词性从句，可以说what的从句就可以根据what的单复数决定
第二个题：what concern这里，这个concern表明了what是一个复数，所以应该用are
即是这个意思
曼哈顿上考友总结
1. Plural verb in a subordinate clause (what concern) - plural verb (what... are)
2. no implication in the subordinate clause - singular verb (what... is)

欢迎光临 ChaseDream (https://forum.chasedream.com/)