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标题: 一道og 18的语法题 [打印本页]

作者: CLAREni 时间: 2017-7-29 10:33
标题: 一道og 18的语法题
Before 1988, insurance companies in California were free to charge whatever rates the market would bear, needing no approval from regulators before raising rates.

Aneeding no approval from regulators before raising
Band it needed no approval by regulators before raising
Cand needing no approval from regulators before they raised
Dwith approval not needed by regulators before they raised
Ewith no approval needed from regulators before the raising of
正确答案是a
但是为什么e 不对呢

作者: wowwow08 时间: 2017-7-29 11:04
因为A中的needing这一现在分词作为伴随状语，其逻辑主语正确的对应了主句主语——该动作的发出者“保险公司”；而E的with结构是就近修饰前面的名词，因此不能对应到保险公司上。

关于with的这一用法可以参见OG15的第七题：

The intricate structure of the compound insect eye, having hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain why scientists have assumed that it evolved independently of the vertebrate eye.
A having hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain why scientists have assumed that it
B having hundreds of miniature eyes that are called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists have assumed that they
C with its hundreds of miniature eyes that are called ommatidia,helps explain scientists' assuming that they
D with its hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain scientists' assuming that it
E with its hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists have assumed that it

作者: CLAREni 时间: 2017-7-31 20:41
up

作者: emmahiggins09 时间: 2017-7-31 23:40
这里是 comma Ving 的一种用法：主系表 + comma ving 这里 comma ving 表示补充说明前面的主系表

E选项中有两个错误：

首先，the raising of rates 很wordy 能有动宾表达清楚的就不要用A of B 这种名词性组合，句子要concise.
其次，容许我补充一下楼上所说的 comma with 的用法。comma with 可以做ADJ modifier 就像楼上所举出的例子因为这个例子里在comma 之前是个名词性组合所以这里comma with 是ADJ modifier.

但是comma with 也是可以做ADV modifier 修饰动词。如果comma 前是一个句子的话，根据句意的话comma with 有很大的可能是修饰verb

作者: CLAREni 时间: 2017-8-1 00:05

emmahiggins09 发表于 2017-7-31 23:40
这里是 comma Ving 的一种用法：主系表 + comma ving 这里 comma ving 表示补充说明前面的主系表

E选项中 ...

所以e选项中的with 也可以理解为修饰 were free to charge whatever rates 吗？
这个动作不需要regulators 的同意？

作者: emmahiggins09 时间: 2017-8-1 00:46

CLAREni 发表于 2017-8-1 00:05
所以e选项中的with 也可以理解为修饰 were free to charge whatever rates 吗？
这个动作不需要regulator ...

我现在还没有找到反例来证明E中 comma with 可以用来修饰主系表；

一般如果是要做补充说明的话， comma ving 是用在主系表之后的最natural 的选项。

如果楼主有看到反例的话欢迎贴出来，和大家一起学习进步哦

作者: riven_aachen 时间: 2017-8-17 12:45
问了一个native speaker，他认为E中no approval needed这个被动语态不如A中的主动语态有效，毕竟在这里可以清晰地知道动作发出者是谁，其次raising of也有问题

作者: AlanLyu 时间: 2018-6-15 11:59
A正确
B选项中it正常指代companies，但此处指代单数名词market，逻辑语义不合理
C选项中并无和and needing平行的结构，且they指代companies逻辑语义不合理
D&E中with结构不简洁，且D中they的错误同C

作者: An_qi 时间: 2019-10-20 17:30
看一下！

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