标题: OG17阅读一道题（原谅我在逻辑区发，因为阅读区很少有人回复） [打印本页] 作者: yaya杨 时间: 2017-4-3 00:08 标题: OG17阅读一道题（原谅我在逻辑区发，因为阅读区很少有人回复） OG17 P625第27篇 第一段
Because the framers of the United States
Constitution (written in 1787) believed that protecting
property rights relating to inventions would encourage
the new nation’s economic growth, they gave
Congress—the national legislature—a constitutional
mandate to grant patents for inventions. The resulting
patent system has served as a model for those in
other nations. Recently, however, scholars have
questioned whether the American system helped
achieve the framers’ goals. These scholars have
contended that from 1794 to roughly 1830, American
inventors were unable to enforce property rights
because judges were “antipatent” and routinely
invalidated patents for arbitrary reasons. This
argument is based partly on examination of court
decisions in cases where patent holders (“patentees”)
brought suit alleging infringement of their patent
rights. In the 1820s, for instance, 75 percent
of verdicts were decided against the patentee.
The proportion of verdicts for the patentee began to
increase in the 1830s, suggesting to these scholars
that judicial attitudes toward patent rights began
shifting then.
533.The author of the passage cites which of the following as evidence challenging the
argument referred to in lines 14–15（红字）?
A. The proportion of cases that were decided against patentees in the 1820s
B. The total number of patent disputes that were litigated from 1794 to 1830
C. The fact that later courts drew upon the legal precedents set in pre-1830 patent
cases（答案）
D. The fact that the proportion of judicial decisions in favor of patentees began to
increase during the 1830s
E. The constitutional rationale for the 1836 revision of the patent system
OA：
The question asks what evidence the author brings to bear against the argument
referred to in lines 14–15. In the first paragraph, the author summarizes scholars’
arguments to the conclusion that judges’ attitudes toward patent rights shifted in。
the 1830s, based on the fact that judges earlier had routinely ruled against patentees
in lawsuits whereas judges after that time provided more protection for patent
rights. In the second paragraph the author challenges the claim that judges’ attitudes
shifted. The author provides evidence that judges after the 1830s cited legal
precedents set in pre-1830s cases, suggesting that their views had not changed
我的疑问是，这个题哪里能看出来this argument是OA里说的 that judges’ attitudes
shifted。因为红字部分代表的argument应该是说的蓝色字部分啊
整一篇文章的对立面我能分出来，但是就行文习惯而言，These scholars have contended......reasons. This argument is.......这里的this不是应该指前面的观点吗？不然题目问什么让我们refer to line 12（this argument的地方）