28-19: Plankton generally thrive in areas of the ocean with sufficient concentrations of certain nitrogen compounds near the surface where plankton live. Nevertheless, some areas, though rich in these nitrogen compounds, have few plankton. These areas have particularly low concentrations of iron, and oceanographers hypothesize that this shortage of iron prevents plankton from thriving. However, an experimental release of iron compounds into one such area failed to produce a thriving plankton population, even though local iron concentrations increased immediately.
Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against concluding, on the basis of the information above, that the oceanographers’ hypothesis is false?
A: Not all of the nitrogen compounds that are sometimes found in relatively high concentrations in the oceans are nutrients for plankton.
B: Certain areas of the ocean support an abundance of plankton despite having particularly low concentrations of iron.
C: The release of the iron compounds did not increase the supply of nitrogen compounds in the area.
D: A few days after the iron compounds were released, ocean currents displaced the iron-rich water from the surface.
E: The iron compounds released into the area occur naturally in areas of the ocean where plankton thrive.
理应是D
呵呵，又一样，偶也选D.
不明白呀
本题其实就是要支持oceanographers hypothesize that this shortage of iron prevents plankton from thriving. （双重否定后）
所以，你就要解释为什么an experimental release of iron compounds into one such area failed to produce a thriving plankton population, even though local iron concentrations increased immediately.
而D说A few days after the iron compounds were released, ocean currents displaced the iron-rich water from the surface.
且Plankton generally thrive in areas of the ocean with sufficient concentrations of certain nitrogen compounds near the surface where plankton live.
所以是D
我也选C
我选C
B是support!
題目結論:只有Iron 並不能增加P, iron不是造成P上升的必要條件
B選項: 有些地方沒有iron 也有plankton !
那就是說, iron不是造成P上升的必要條件
C選項承認只有Iron 並不能增加P, 必須 N + I --->
上升!
支持原結論! 只有Iron 並不能增加P! iron不是造成P上升的必要條件 所以C也是support!
D選項 利用另有它因造成Iron濃度不高...原結論不成立
chenfruit你好像说错了, 结论是 只有N不能增加p,作者猜想是因为iron太低.那么b正好是反对(有些地方iron很低也有很多iron)
,d不能反对,因为iron都被流水带走了(近似意思),所以iron在d的实验中跟本不能说明问题.
所以 应该 选 B
支持D，题目是Which of the following argues most strongly against concluding that the oceanographers’ hypothesis is false?
即反对“认为海洋学家的言论是错的”，即选一个支持海洋学家的。D，因为水流马上将iron从表面移走了（注意题目前面说过near the surface where plankton live），所以还没有时间让plankton来thrive，所以这个实验并不能解决iron缺乏问题，故不能说海洋学家的论调是错误的。
答案是DDDDDDDDDDDDDDD，
好阴险啊！
D
太多太多的陷阱,太多太多湾
光一个题干就有个双重否定，以至于第一遍读题干都没看出要加强什么，真受打击.............
题目的意思是要说明科学家的假设是正确的
要证明这点 就只能说这个实验是不能说明问题的
D 说明了这点 "虽然加铁 但是被水流冲走拉"
这题还好啦。D没有问题，不过就是一开始要花点时间去读题目。
plankton 想起Spongebob里面那个小不点儿单细胞动物
比较搞笑。不过那个住在海底。
D确实对.
但是E不也是对的吗?
plankton thrive 是在iron naturally 的地方, 而这个实验是人工放iron,不也说明了实验有问题吗?
plankton 在iron naturally 的地方thrive , 而在这个实验中的iron是人工放的
因为实际跟实验有出入,所以不也削弱了题目了吗?
是不是我前面的表达有问题啊?
大家帮忙看看嘛?
帮忙看看E啊!多谢多谢啊!
The answer E says that :"the iron compounds released into the area occur naturally in areas of the ocean where plankton thrive."
It sounds like the correct answer. However, its cause and effect relationship is not clear.
The answer E says that :"the iron compounds released into the area occur naturally in areas of the ocean where plankton thrive."
It sounds like the correct answer. However, its cause and effect relationship is not clear.
The statement by E:
"The iron compounds released into the area occur naturally in areas of the ocean where plankton thrive."
is not a good sentence.
My understanding is that the iron compounds here are not realeased by those people doing the experiment. Hence, D supports the hypothesis instead of rejecting it.
虽然我知道D肯定是正确选项,还是没有理解E,
plankton 在iron naturally 的地方thrive , 而在这个实验中的iron是人工放的
因为实际跟实验有出入,所以不也削弱了题目了吗?
算啦算啦,谢谢mbz的耐心解答!
d肯定比e好,因为原文是用试验来反对海洋学家的假设,而d正是针对试验本身进行削弱.iron被水流冲走了,p不生长,正验证了海洋学家的假设:没有iron,导致没有p
而e说p丰富的地方的iron是自然的release的,并不能说明非自然release的iron就不能促进p的生长啊,所以我觉得e还缺乏桥梁.不如d直接.
注意题目问的是most strongly,最强烈的也就是说,别的选项不一定对题目不起作用..当然d更好一些.
对于e我也想听听斑竹是怎么排除的.
E说这些被released的iron就是来自那些plankton会thrive的ocean里的
既然如此,就表示这个实验所有的条件都符合可是却没有获得预期的结果
证明就是假设错了,而题目是要支持这个假设,所以不对.
Choose D
E is correct. 因为根据E, The iron compounds released into the area occur naturally in areas of the ocean where plankton thrive. 这说明什么? 这说明了the iron compounds是那种生物的排泄物．这就能解释了 an experimental release of iron compounds into one such area failed to produce a thriving plankton population．
The iron compounds released into the area occur naturally in areas of the ocean where plankton thrive.
这说明什么? 这说明了the iron compounds是那种生物的排泄物．这就能解释了 an experimental release of iron compounds into one such area failed to produce a thriving plankton population．
The iron compounds released into the area occur naturally in areas of the ocean where plankton thrive.
这说明什么? 这说明了the iron compounds是那种生物的排泄物这就能解释了 an experimental release of iron compounds into one such area failed to produce a thriving plankton population．
而那些笨蛋科学家还 hypothesize that this shortage of iron prevents plankton from thriving．很显然，这是AB共存，所以A导致B的题型．最直接的削弱是B导致A， 而不是A导致B
题目要求找一个选项能做以下的事情：反对【科学家的猜测是错的】，也就是说找个选项，科学家的猜测可能没错，也许有什么其他的原因使得，现象和他们的猜测不对应。
现象是，加了iron的，P 没有长。但是科学家认为iron多应该是P应该长啊。
我们要做的是找个选项说，其实是应该长的，后来因为某某原因，P没有长，这不是科学家的错。
D：iron放下去，一会儿就转移了，所以iron就没了，P就不长了。正确
E：P多的地方，iron释放的多。但是这个事实不能解释为什么试验现象是不同的，反而有矛盾之处，因为科学家说，iron的短缺造成了P不长。现在E多，P多，iron多，支持了科学加的猜测，但是没有解释试验的不同结果，即没有解决矛盾
题目要求找一个选项能做以下的事情：反对【科学家的猜测是错的】，也就是说找个选项，科学家的猜测可能没错，也许有什么其他的原因使得，现象和他们的猜测不对应。
现象是，加了iron的，P 没有长。但是科学家认为iron多应该是P应该长啊。
我们要做的是找个选项说，其实是应该长的，后来因为某某原因，P没有长，这不是科学家的错。
D：iron放下去，一会儿就转移了，所以iron就没了，P就不长了。正确
E：P多的地方，iron释放的多。但是这个事实不能解释为什么试验现象是不同的，反而有矛盾之处，因为科学家说，iron的短缺造成了P不长。现在E多，P多，iron多，支持了科学加的猜测，但是没有解释试验的不同结果，即没有解决矛盾
只要理解这句话，还有什么疑问不选D吗？这道题我做错了，纯粹是没有读懂到底要weaken什么，题目绕了个弯。
一、首先题干：Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against concluding, on the basis of the information above, that the oceanographers’ hypothesis is false?
我认为是问“以下哪个选项最能削弱结论，即海洋地理学家的假设是错的？”
和楼上各位看法不同，因为已经问“argue...against concluding”,后面的that 宾语从句是修饰这个concluding的，怕大家不太明白concluding是什么，补充说明而已。没有双重否定问问题那么复杂啦～～～
二、原题推理：oceanographers hypothesize that this shortage of iron prevents plankton from thriving. 因此要削弱则是“并不是iron的短缺使p存活受阻”，即p减少与iron无关。
三、因此：B: Certain areas of the ocean support an abundance of plankton despite having particularly low concentrations of iron. 说iron低的有些地方，p仍然abundance呢。因此削弱了iron对p的影响力。
四、其他选项： D: A few days after the iron compounds were released, ocean currents displaced the iron-rich water from the surface. 大家可能多推理了一步，这句话没说iron water转移与p的具体关系啊～多想了～ 大家可能多推理了一步，这句话没说iron water转移与p的具体关系啊～多想了～ 因此与原文推理最紧密相关的是B。 欢迎讨论，共同进步！ 欢迎讨论，共同进步！
D: A few days after the iron compounds were released, ocean currents displaced the iron-rich water from the surface.
大家可能多推理了一步，这句话没说iron water转移与p的具体关系啊～多想了～
大家可能多推理了一步，这句话没说iron water转移与p的具体关系啊～多想了～
因此与原文推理最紧密相关的是B。
欢迎讨论，共同进步！
欢迎讨论，共同进步！
ding
看了讨论，，终于明白了
小雪猫 总是先我一步
你把提干读反了. B是反对海洋学家结论: 缺铁导致缺P.
提干是要反对反对海洋学家结论, 即要支持海洋学家结论: 缺铁导致缺P.
vote for D!
D对evidence减弱,所以符合要求.
而B直接举了反例.
还是不明白E是什么意思~~~~~为什么错呢？
Up
读懂题才是硬道理。。。。。
做题的时候就觉得问题别扭，哎。。阴险。19. GWD28-Q19:
Plankton generally thrive in areas of the ocean with sufficient concentrations of certain nitrogen compounds near the surface, where plankton live. Nevertheless, some areas, though rich in these nitrogen compounds, have few plankton. These areas have particularly low concentrations of iron, and oceanographers hypothesize that this shortage of iron prevents plankton from thriving. However, an experimental release of iron compounds into one such area failed to produce a thriving plankton population, even though local iron concentrations increased immediately.
Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against concluding, on the basis of the information above, that the oceanographers’ hypothesis is false?weaken结论（即加强oceanographers hypothesize）
P生活在NC多的地方，但是有些NC多的地方没有P
O：这些地方少I，这是P少的原因
但结论反对O：试验把I放进去，P也没增加
D：在加I后，海流把I冲走啦
A. Not all of the nitrogen compounds that are sometimes found in relatively high concentrations in the oceans are nutrients for plankton.
B. Certain areas of the ocean support an abundance of plankton despite having particularly low concentrations of iron.
C. The release of the iron compounds did not increase the supply of nitrogen compounds in the area.
D. A few days after the iron compounds were released, ocean currents displaced the iron-rich water from the surface.
E. The iron compounds released into the area occur naturally in areas of the ocean where plankton thrive.
fengxiany 发表于 2005-10-11 05:07
为什么不选B?哪位能给一个不选B的理由?
因为plankton生长是需要时间的
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