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标题: 关于比较，OG16三道自相矛盾，左右互搏的题目，求大神回答，相信很多同学都碰到过 [打印本页]

作者: 弥小岛 时间: 2016-6-18 15:52
标题: 关于比较，OG16三道自相矛盾，左右互搏的题目，求大神回答，相信很多同学都碰到过
一样的情况，截然不同的答案

Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last （认为last year's错误）
Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than those of a year ago （认为不加those of错误）
wild animals have less total fat than livestock fed on grain （OG认为that of livestock...错误但在上一句中又认为正确）

OG 16 104
Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last because refiners are paving about S5 a barrel more for crude oil than thev were last year.

(A) Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil than they were
(B) Heating-oil prices are expected to rise higher this year over last because refiners pay about $5 a barrel for crude oil more than they did
(C) Expectations are for heating-oil prices to be higher this year than last year's because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel for crude oil more than they did
(D) It is the expectation that heating-oil prices will be higher for this year over last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil now than what they were
(E) It is expected that heating-oil prices will rise higher this year than last year's because refiners pay about $5 a barrel for crude oil more than they did
正确答案是A，OG解释说C的话不应该用last year's 因为比的是时间

OG16 90
Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South are hurting crops and therefore raised corn and soybean prices.
(A) than a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South are hurting crops and therefore raised
(B) than those of a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South are hurting crops and therefore raising
(C) than a year ago and are going down, despite floods in the Midwest and drought in the South, and are hurting crops and therefore raising
(D) as those of a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the South hurt crops and therefore raise
(E) as they were a year ago and are going down, despite floods in the Midwest and drought in the South, and are hurting crops and therefore
raising
正确答案是B，OG解释说than后面需要补出比的是不同时间段的价格

OG16 111
According to recent studies comparing the nutritional value of meat from wild animals and meat from domesticated animals, wild animals have less total fat than do livestock fed on grain and more of a kind of fat they think is good for cardiac health.
(A) wild animals have less total fat than do livestock fed on grain and more of a kind of fat they think is
(B) wild animals have less total fat than livestock fed on grain and more of a kind of fat thought to be
(C) wild animals have less total fat than that of livestock fed on grain and have more fat of a kind thought to be
(D) total fat of wild animals is less than livestock fed on grain and they have more fat of a kind thought to be
(E) total fat is less in wild animals than that of livestock fed on grain and more of their fat is of a kind they think is
正确答案是B 但是认为会有歧义，这里又认为that of不能这么用和90题矛盾

Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last （认为last year's错误）
Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than those of a year ago （认为不加those of错误）
wild animals have less total fat than livestock fed on grain （OG认为that of livestock...错误但在上一句中又认为正确）

以上三句都是正确答案
但是为什么第一句不能和第二句一样是 than last year's 或者 than those of last year呢？又为什么第三句又是不能是that of...
于是我就非常纠结疑惑，为什么两道题同样是比两个时间段的价格，一个要补出名词，一个不要呢，不是自相矛盾了吗

不知道有没有理解的大神能来释疑一下啊....

为什么last year's就不对只能是last year 而前一题一定要those of a year ago呢

再次，求大神指教

作者: 弥小岛 时间: 2016-6-18 15:53
UPUP

作者: 弥小岛 时间: 2016-6-18 16:17
Upupupup 还是不知道last year's 哪里错了

作者: slgbond 时间: 2016-6-18 18:40
OG 16 104
Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than (Heating-oil prices are expected to be) last (year)比的是prices？

作者: slgbond 时间: 2016-6-18 18:43
According to recent studies comparing the nutritional value of meat from wild animals and meat from domesticated animals, wild animals have less total fat than that of livestock fed on grain and have more fat of a kind thought to be good for cardiac health（than that of livestock ）
livestock家畜=domesticated animals

作者: slgbond 时间: 2016-6-18 18:45
句子结构语义搞不清，故比较对象搞混乱，所以你像在蒙答案

作者: slgbond 时间: 2016-6-18 19:41
high enough so that 结构 …adj enough与so adj that 语义重复

作者: 弥小岛 时间: 2016-6-18 20:11

slgbond 发表于 2016-6-18 18:40
OG 16 104
Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than (Heating-oil prices are expect ...

比的是不同年的价格
但是下面这道题，比的也不是价格呀，不同的两个年份，为什么就要用those of了呢
Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than those of a year ago

作者: 弥小岛 时间: 2016-6-18 20:13

slgbond 发表于 2016-6-18 18:43
According to recent studies comparing the nutritional value of meat from wild animals and meat from ...

这道题我觉得比的是animal 的fat和livestock的fat 所以才这么选的.... 主要是被有一道 those of a years ago的这个正确答案弄湖了。。。不知道什么时候要省略而什么时候不要

作者: slgbond 时间: 2016-6-18 21:38
Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than (Heating-oil prices are expected to be) last (year)
省略的补全了还说比主语。比的不是主语prices，是状语啊this year，你再看看是不是

作者: slgbond 时间: 2016-6-18 21:44
好好看杨朋长难句吧，客观的说分析句子能力太弱，不然脑越做越乱

作者: 弥小岛 时间: 2016-6-18 22:10

slgbond 发表于 2016-6-18 21:38
Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than (Heating-oil prices are expected to be) ...

谢谢指点！
还是有个疑问
Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than those of a year ago
这道题为什么上面是对的，下面就是错的呢
Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than （Prices at the producer level are） a year ago
也是比较的时间状语呀

作者: 弥小岛 时间: 2016-6-18 22:13

slgbond 发表于 2016-6-18 18:43
According to recent studies comparing the nutritional value of meat from wild animals and meat from ...

另外这句话than that of livestock 是错的..?

作者: slgbond 时间: 2016-6-18 22:48
According to recent studies comparing the nutritional value of meat from wild animals and meat from domesticated animals, wild animals have less total fat than that of livestock fed on grain and have more fat of a kind thought to be good for cardiac health（than that of livestock fed on grain）
livestock家畜=domesticated animals

作者: slgbond 时间: 2016-6-18 22:49
两个比较结构平行，相同地方省略了而已，没啥

作者: 弥小岛 时间: 2016-6-18 22:51

slgbond 发表于 2016-6-18 22:49
两个比较结构平行，相同地方省略了而已，没啥

可是livestock那道题 that of livestock这个说法/答案是错的另外能不能再解答一下我回复的heating-oil price这道题呀谢谢

作者: slgbond 时间: 2016-6-18 22:57
比的是主语，还是壮语，还是哪个成分，考试时比哪个成分都可能。题目可以千变万化，没分析句子能力基础，3三道会了，换换花样，不自己看杨鹏，你还会晕，错。老实练基本功，没人代替你做

作者: joannahope 时间: 2016-6-19 09:53
第一题中
看到expect ，想到的一定是expect的用法，expect to be /it is expectation that 这些用法都是有的
其次有LZ说的这个问题，这里是一个省略的句子Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than (Heating-oil prices are expected to be) last (year)这里确实是会有歧义的，但是总和来看是不能够选择C的
C首先expectation的用法是错误，但是C中的比较结构用同样会存在歧义，但是C同样有不好的地方，Expectations are for heating-oil prices to be higher this year than last year's because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel for crude oil more than they did
higher than last year expectations or higher than for heating-oil prices? It has misleading.
So i think if you want to express the correct meaning , you should say like this:
Expectations are higher this year for heating oil prices than that of last year.
THUS, we could find a clear and concise answer in the multiple choice.
The second question is rational with "those", because if you want to use those ,you need to give out the new copy.

According to recent studies comparing the nutritional value of meat from wild animals and meat from domesticated animals, wild animals have less total fat than livestock fed on grain and more of a kind of fat thought to be good for cardiac health.

omit the middleman and warmup, you will find the main structure of sentence.
wild animals have less total fat than livestock
这个时候就不会引起什么歧义，所以就不需要加that of
如果会引起歧义的话，就必须要加，这个就是以句义为中心的选项，
举例说明歧义和非歧义
apples are more healthy to eat than caramels.这个时候就没有歧义，还有一种表达形式，在这里可能就会被判断为多余

apples are more healthy to eat than caramels ARE.这个are就可能被判断为多余，因为有和没有表达的意思是一致的
但是其他的句子
I like cheese more than Y.
这个时候就存在歧义，可以理解为I like cheese more than Y does.or I like cheese more than i like Y .所以这个时候必须要跟跟词语去指代到底是哪个

作者: zoe爱猕猴桃 时间: 2017-10-8 09:51
有一个方法区别，1和2
先不看是什么比较
1的前面有时间状语，因此有可能是时间状语比较，也有可能是主语比较，这时候再来区分如果用时间的名词作比较，但前面没有相应的比较对象，所以，只能是状语比较
与1相对应的是2
前面没有时间状语，那就一定不可能是时间状语比较，这时候再来找是什么的比较，发现是主语price比较，比较的还是不同时间的，所以需要一个名词来跟前面的price作比较，又需要一个限定词来区分price

3的状况和12不同
没有状语，单纯不做作的跟主语或宾语比较
中心思想不跑偏
还是找比较对象
这时候考虑一下，什么情况下用that of，必定是that为真正的比较对象，of后面的是修饰成分，that指代前面的某个名词，而这个名词的修饰范围必定跟of后面的修饰不同；再来看前面发现less fat的fat并没有修饰成分，所以不能比较。
这时候你会说wild的fat啊，这个属于自己臆想，没有看句子结构，上个have的解释You use have to say that someone or something owns a particular thing, or when you are mentioning one of their qualities or characteristics。 own a thing，并不是修饰限定，而是发出的动作，own。
这样的话只能是主语比较，也就是回到轨道上来了，wild和家养比较。这里面涉及了一个比较中的省略，上个例子
i eat apple faster than you。在曼哈顿中，他说这会造成误解，会理解成，我吃苹果比吃你快（也不晓得咋理解的，但这就是句子结构，容不得常理，硬邦邦的靠句子结构说话）
而在这道题中，之所以会省略，我的理解是家畜放在wild的宾语上nonsense，虽然i eat you也很奇怪，但是也只能这样强行解释。
抛开这一点，还可以看其他错误点A很明显they没有指代。
附上大神的比较https://forum.chasedream.com/thread-103101-1-1.html
anyway，我的建议是当存在宾语时，主语比较，尽量不要省略助动词，助动词可以表示主语确实能发出这个动作，也是跟宾语比较的一个区分（要不然宾语比较咋办啊）——这一点曼哈顿里也有讲。

哈哈，知道没人看，就当给自己理理思路，希望有人拍砖。
ps：以上方法属于倒推，比较慢，正常情况下，看A选项的逻辑语义，判断比较对象，再根据原则，不用想这么多惹。

作者: xinnnn 时间: 2017-10-15 14:22
你好，主要是12的区别，3的问题和12应该分开讨论。
首先要，比较对象得是名词 this year/ last （year）而不能是副词 now／a year ago。
所以两个表达法分别是：sth is higher this year than last (year)/ sth is higher now than sth a year ago

作者: 聪明蛋 时间: 2017-10-24 21:27
To develop more accurate population forecasts, demographers have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economic determinants of fertility.
A. have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economic
B. have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social and economical
economic 是"经济上的"，economical是"节约的";
C. would have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social and economical
D. would have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social and economic
E. would have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economical
D

A large rise in the number of housing starts in the coming year should boost new construction dollars by several billion dollars, making the construction industry's economic health much more robust than five years ago.
(A) making the construction industry's economic health much more robust than five years ago
(B) and make the construction industry's economic health much more robust than five years ago
(C) making the construction industry's economic health much more robust than it was five years ago
(D) to make the construction industry's economic health much more robust than five years ago
(E) in making the construction industry's economic health much more robust than it as five years ago
选C
这两个就都是要补足，不省略的情况了，不懂究竟什么时候补足什么时候省略

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