Recently I am reading "Your MBA Game Plan". It is quite well written, and it provides a lot of information. There is one section in the book that introduces the differences among all the top schools. I try to transfer some of the information to CD so you all can take a look at. Credits are given to the authors of the book: Omari Bouknight & Scott Shrum. Please do not use the following excerpt for any business purposes. And Mr. Zeros please erase this message if copyright is concerned.
It is very difficult to scan the book. So I have to type the entire passage from scratch. It is impossible for me to finish all 30 schools in a short period of time since I myself am in the application process too. So I will do one school each time. Response which schools you want to read first. I will work on the school that gets the most responses. Certainly if someone here has the same book and would like to share the excerpts, you are more than welcome to add the schools.
Please pardon my typos. I type it, not just copy and paste.
1. Columbia: Since all of my NYC CDER friends are applying Columbia, except for my self, I will start with this one first. (2nd Floor)
2. TUCK: My most favourite school. TUCK rockSSSSSS!!! (9th Floor)
3. DUKE: I think it is the most underrated school. (16th Floor)
4. MIT (17th Floor)
5. Michigan (25th Floor)
6. NYU (26th Floor)
7. UT Austin (32nd Floor)
8. Harvard (33rd Floor) ------> The King
9.Stanford (42nd Floor) -------> The Queen
10.Anderson(46th Floor)
11.Berkely (47th)
12.Kellogg (53rd)
13.Wharton (58th)
14.Chicago (64th)
15.Indiana (65th)
16.INSEAD (71st)
17.LBS (73rd)
18.Darden (77th)
19.Broad (78th)
20.Ivey (84th)
21.Cornell (85th)
22. Emory (88th)
23. CMU (89th)
24. Yale (90th)
25. UNC (91st)
26. USC (92nd)
27. Rochester (93rd)
28. Owen (95th)
29. Purdue (98th)
30. Maryland (99th)
Make no mistake, Columbia is a finance school above all else. Students rave about the school’s finance faculty and the access that they have to top Wall Street executives. The alumni network doesn’t hurt either – nearly every Wall Street firm is stacked with Columbia alumni. The result is that most finance-minded applicants consider Columbia. If you are one of them, you will need to especially focus on differentiating yourself from a large pool of similar-sounding applicants. Therefore, start thinking now about what makes you different from the rest of the investment bankers (and aspiring bankers) who apply to Columbia.
As you might expect, Columbia’s core curriculum is heavy in finance and related courses. First-years take required courses in Financial Accounting, Corporate Finance, and Global Economics. Among others. Non-finance topics such as Marketing and Strategy, however, are studied in half-term courses. While these courses are also strong, be aware that much of your time will be spent on finance-related topics. Of course, you will there fore need to demonstrate an ability to handle a quantitative workload, ideally through your GMAT score and relavant work experience.
One academic area that Columbia emphasizes outside of finance is entrepreneurship. Some of the schools’ most popular electives include “Introduction ot Venturing” and “Launching New Ventures.” Entrepreneurship is also studied and pursued outside of the classroom. Launched in 1996, the Eugene Land Entrepreneurial Initiative Fund provides seed capital ot worthy business plans crafted by Columbia students. The Fund acts less like a traditional business plan competition and more like a venture capital firm, taking an equity stake in any Columbia start-up with promise For students looking for a more conventional business plan competition, Columbia has joined forces with UC Berkeley’s Hass School of Business to run the Social Venture Competition, which provides seed money to promising start-ups whose goal is to have a positive social impact. The bottom line is that if you are interested in an MBA for entrepreneurial reasons, let the Columbia admissions committee hear about it in your essays and your interview.
Columbia also emphasizes that international aspect of its curriculum. Each semester, the schools’ Chazen Institute of International Business offers fellowships to up to four students for their in advancing Columbia’s global approach both inside and outside of the school. The Chazen Institute also runs an exchange program the gives students the opportunity to study abroad at one of 22 partner schools, as well as participate in international study tours. Keep this in mind as you craft your story for why you will fit in at Columbia.
Although they acknowledge that their peers are competitive, students and grads emphasize that Columbia is not cutthroat environment. Most consider Columbia to be a competitive but respectful and helpful community. Students spend their entire first year in the same cluster of 6 0students, taking their core classes together. Like other schools, Columbia encourages cooperation and trust within these clusters. As such, you will need to demonstrate the ability to get along with your peers. Also, like other schools in big cities, Columbia sometimes has to battle the reputation that its students spend less time on campus with each other. Demonstrating your enthusiasm for the program and a willingness to get involved in extracurricular activities will help show that you don’t fit this stereotype.
Columbia’s other departments aren’t as well known as its finance department, and some grads have commented that these other departments take a backseat to finance. However, the school’s administration has a reputation for going out of its way to respond to students’ concerns. If you are interested in an area outside of finance, particularly something as far as removed such as organizational behavior or nonprofit management, Columbia may be worth a look. Your interest outside of finance alone will help you stand out, provided that you can prove that you have the quantitative skills and business acumen to learn alongside the finance crowd.
ding!
how about tuck?
thank louzhu anyway even if other schools come first.
[glow=500,#88E7FF,8]
期待下文!
Thanks, eeyupyup!
[/glow]
Think Small. Think intimate. Think great outdoors. That’s exactly what life at Tuck is all about. The country’s first graduate school of business offers one of the smallest programs among the top 30 schools, with fewer than 250 students in each class. The small class size – coupled with the school’s location in rural Hanover, New Hampshire – results in a close-knit community in which everyone knows everyone else.
Academically, Tuck’s MBA program focuses on turning out competent general managers. Most of the first year curriculum consists of core courses in the main management disciplines, with the second year left open for electives. No specific majors are offered. First year students complete most of their coursework in the same study group, which Tuck emphasizes as a way for students to grow closer and develop their teamwork skills. More than the average top program, Tuck is looking for students who demonstrate strong teamwork skills, so make sure that this is a main theme in your Tuck application.
Tuck is also serious about leadership, and one unique part of the first year experience is the Tuck Leadership Forum, which runs throughout the first year. The Forum is a series of mini-courses in topics such as management communication and entrepreneurial management, al designed to help improve students’ leadership skills. Students then complete a team project, such as creating a business plan or doing consulting work for an existing business. The program also provides students with a chance to work closely with faculty and plug into Tuck’s alumni network while still in school.
Speaking of the alumni, what Tuck lacks in size is made up for in devotion. Tuck’s alumni have been described by some as fierce in their loyalty to the school and to each other. Tuck touts its alumni’s 60 percent plus annual giving rate as further evidence of this dedication. While the school may not have alum in every company, Tuck students are known to get good results from the alumni they do call upon. In your own application, make sure that you can provide convincing proof that you, too, will be active alum, preferably by demonstrating loyalty to your undergraduate school.
Tuck’s remote location means that it is not for everyone. Some applicants, especially those with spouses, often find it difficult to relocate to Hanover. To its credit, Tuck goes out of its way to make the transition a smooth one, often providing spouses and partners with fulltime work around campus. Still, only slightly more than half of Tuck’s admitted applicants actually enroll in the program. This means two things for you: 1 Make sure that you really want to attend Tuck before you apply. It’s a great school, but its size and location sometimes turn people off. Save yourself a lot of time if your think these aspects of the program will be a problem for you. 2. Even more importantly, you really need d to demonstrate why Tuck is for you. Tuck’s students tend to be passionate about their school, and you need to demonstrate this same passion in your application. Visiting the school – especially for your interview – can go a long way toward helping you make your case. Also, think about applying in Tuck’s Early Action round if you are sure that Tuck is where you want to be. This relatively new program is a great chance for you to show your commitment to the school.
Tuck isn’t the household name that Stanford and Harvard are, but its general management program is known to be one of the best in the country. Tuck graduates have a strong reputation in consulting and financial services, particularly on the East Coast, where nearly two-thirds of its graduates end up living after school. If you are considering a career in general management, or are interested in consulting or banking, don’t overlook Tuck. If you can demonstrate that the school’s environment is right for you, and make a case for why the general management approach is what you want out of business school, then Tuck will give your application strong consideration
好人啊
能不能麻烦贴一下michigan呢?
多谢楼主,能不能贴下mit和duke?
辛苦了!
i love university of texas at austin please
CD有你更精彩!谢谢楼主!
期待下文!
NO school has come as far as Fuqua has in the last 20 years. Duke opened its business school in 1969, but things really started to happen after the school took J.B. Fuqua’s name in 1980. What was once a well-regarded school mostly regional appeal has grown into one of the top business programs in the world.
Young and small, Fuqua has an advantage over the business school competition with its innovative curriculum and approach to learning. Students have four terms (of six weeks each) per year, meaning that they get a taste of many more subjects than students at most other schools. Fuqua’s emphasis has traditionally been on turning out general managers, although recent graduate classes have skewed more towards marketing. The only concentration that the school offers is its Health Sector Management program, which takes advantage of the school’s location in Research Triangle Park in North Carolina. If you are interested in biotech, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, or healthcare management, take a close look at this program.
Fuqua has also been aggressive in giving its students opportunities to study abroad, and currently has reciprocal exchange programs with 25 international business schools. Its Global Academic Travel Experience program provides students with the opportunity to travel abroad for a short period of time. GATE is extremely popular with students, with close to half of the class participating in the program for two weeks each year, Fuqua’s push to build its brand around the world means that it looks for applicants with global perspective. If you have international experience, be sure to emphasize it in your application. If you haven’t worked abroad, that is okay. You definitely don’t need to lie about wanting to spend your next five years in Hong Kong. Just demonstrating a willingness to work with people of other background is a great start.
Work in most classes is done in teams, and Fuqua’s graduates have gained a team-ready reputation that rivals that of Kellogg’s graduates. Students often refer to themselves as “Team Fuqua,” and they mean it. They also have reputation for being some of the most energetic and close-knit students at any business school. This is reinforced by the fact that Fuqua is a smaller school – approximately 700 full-time students in 2003. When you apply to Fuqua, make it clears that you understand what it means to be part of a smaller community, and spell out why it appeals to you. Along those lines, Fuqua students are heavily involved in everything going on at the schools. If you apply Duke, make sure that this is what you want out of your business school experience. Even more importantly, make sure to make that clear in your application through multiple examples of teamwork and involvement.
Fuqua’s focus on excellence in general management will definitely come out during the interview. Most interviews are conducted by students who are members of the admissions committee. It is therefore important to position yourself as a prospect that your interviewer would like to have as classmate. This means you should provide examples of professional excellence, but do so in a non-arrogant tone. In the back of his mind, your interviewer will be evaluating you as a potential team member in addition to evaluating you as a leader. If you have three years professional experience or less, you should also expect to receive questions on your ability to contribute in the classroom. Have a response prepared as to why “now” is a good time for you to attend Fuqua.
Fuqua has built a strong reputation, and it now attracts many of the same people who also apply to the Harvard and Wharton of the world. The downside for Fuqua is the some top applicants still view Fuqua as somewhat of a backup school, even though Fuqua’s acceptance rate is below 20 percent. This is evident in the school’s yield, which was 7 percent in 2001, more than 10 percent below that of other top schools. The school therefore looks for applicants who are interested in Fuqua for what it offers, not jus because it’s listed next to other big names in the rankings. In other words, the admissions committee wants to be sure that if they accept you, you will enroll. If you can demonstrate that you truly want to attend Fuqua – and why this is so – you will greatly improve your chances.
Although not quite as well known as the other business school in Boston, MIT’s Sloan School of Management has combined the quantitative strengths of its parent school with a focus on entrepreneurship to establish itself as one of the most highly regarded programs in the technology and manufacturing industries, The school is also well-regarded on Wall Street, where Sloan grads are known for their quantitative abilities.
Sloan has traditionally been better known for turning out stronger analysts than business leaders, so the school is making a push to emphasize leadership in it curriculum. The school has appointed a Director of Leadership to create and run leadership programs at the school, as well as to coach Sloan student on their own leadership development. The school even encourages student to fill out a “Leadership Feedback Form” whenever they observe a fellow student in a leadership role. The school also encourages teamwork, and all first year students must complete a core project in teams. Sloan’s stated goal is to turn out “leaders who innovate.”
As expected, the school’s curriculum emphasizes the quantitative side of business. Courses such as Finance and Statistics are as quantitative as you would expect, but Sloan also encourages students to apply the skills that they learn in these classes to nearly all of their coursework. Graduates speak highly of the hard skills that they learned at Sloan, so make sure that this is what you want out of your MBA experience. To get in, you will have to demonstrate that you are comfortable utilizing numbers, through your GMAT score, previous coursework, or job experience.
Sloan’s curriculum is also notable for its emphasis of “management tracks,” instead of traditional majors. The idea behind these tracks is to provide students with a broad study approach to certain functional area, such as Financial Engineering, Operations Management, and New Product and Venture Development. The tracks’ broad approach requires students to complete eight to ten classes per track. Students can also create their own tracks after their first semester at Sloan. Demonstrating your understanding of Sloan’s track system will help you show your enthusiasm for the program.
Entrepreneurship is big at Sloan, as characterized by students’ participation in MIT’s annual “$50K” entrepreneurship competition. The competition gives Sloan students the chance to develop a business plan and compete against students from other MIT programs for a chance to win the $30,000 grand prize. Successful tech companies such as Akamai got their start through the $50K competition, and student teams that get far in the program are often able to attract interest from potential investors and advisors.
One example of Sloan’s close ties to the manufacturing sector is its Leaders for Manufacturing program, a two ear joint degree program offered in conjunction with MIT’s School of Engineering, and operations management through a variety of in-class and on-the-job experiences, Students spend six-and-a-half months on-site as an intern with a sponsor company, culminating in a thesis. The best part of the program is that students receive a scholarship covering the full cost of tuition, thanks to sponsor companies including Boeing, Dell, Harley0Davidson, Intel, and P & G. The bad news is that the program is very exclusive – just 5 0students participate each year – but give it a look if you a re considering working in manufacturing after business school.
Sloan has a higher percentage of international student all of its peer schools – 40 percent of the class of 2003 came from abroad, Sloan students therefore tend to be surrounded by international classmates wherever they go. If you are looking to gain international experience, or just want to meet people from new cultures, this is an aspect of the program that may appeal to you. Make sure you demonstrate your enthusiasm for the schools’ diverse culture in your application, and make your case for why this matters to you, whether you are an American or an international applicant.
连打两篇,算是给8T的CDER的一份礼物吧
Can post HBS and Wharton ? thanks eeyupyup very very much.
Really appreciate for your useful artical
If possible,could you please give us some information about UCLA & UC-Berkeley?
Thanks in advance
多谢楼主!
The key to getting accepted into the University of Michigan Business School (UMBS) is to demonstrate balance across the four dimensions (leadership, innovation, teamwork, maturity) throughout your application. Regardless of the application component(s) in which you emphasize these dimensions, they should each make a couple appearances. It is imperative, therefore, that you take time to analyze your strengths and weaknesses for each of the dimensions before beginning the UMBS application.
UMBS is consistently recognized for its innovation and its focus on applying business principles to real-world scenarios. Both of these attributes are integrated in the learning model along with a solid dose of general management courses. A good example of this combination is UMBS’s Multidisciplinary Action Project. Students are required to work on teams in completing a seven-week project for companies pre-selected by UMBS. The projects are highly analytical and allow students to apply the skills they learned in the classroom to a variety of companies. For those who have inclinations that are more international or entrepreneurial in nature, UMBS offers its IMAP and EMAP programs. The latest example of UMBS’s application-based learning is the Tozzi Center. The Tozzi Electronic Business and Finance Center features a trading floor, an elliptical classroom, and a computer laboratory. The trading floor allows for dedicated, real-time access to the global markets. It is used for a multitude of financial class exercises and student projects. Having and displaying knowledge of these types of programs should be a major component of your UMBS application process.
Demonstrating the ability to apply business principles in a rational manner is especially important. Recruiters repeatedly complement UMBS grads on their practical approach, which has been a large reason for UMBS's success in the business school rankings. One applicant, who was recently accepted, displayed a practical approach by explaining how she identified a neglected growth opportunity within her business segment. The applicant took initiative by creating a marketing plan that focused on the opportunity and was able to see her idea through to implementation. These are the types of applicants UMBS seeks.
Given UMBS's focus on professional excellence, it is not surprising to see that accepted students have an average of five years of work experience. This should not discourage applicants with less professional work experience, but recognize that UMBS will especially want to know how you can contribute to the program if you have less than three years of work experience. You should anticipate being questioned on this point during your interview.
Almost all activities at UMBS are team based, so check your ego before beginning the application. Providing one or two examples of your teamwork capabilities should go a long way toward establishing fit with the program.
Overall, if you meet the baseline criteria, express the four dimensions, display knowledge about the learning model and exhibit passion for the school, you should be in a much better position to receive an acceptance letter from UMBS.
Over time, entrepreneurship has received greater attention at UMBS and it is now a major aspect of the learning model. The school has vast resources for aspiring entrepreneurs, such as the Samuel ZeIl-Robert H. Lurie Institute for Entrepreneurial Studies, which supports students as they explore their own business plans and start-up ideas. UMBS will continue to expand its support of entrepreneurial activities because it produces a virtuous cycle. Successful ventures led by students reflect positively on the curriculum, thereby attracting more potential students. The UMBS application process allows for ample opportunity to discuss innovative entrepreneurial ideas and those opportunities should be capitalized on. That is not to say that all applicants should be aspiring entrepreneurs, but to the extent that you can display entrepreneurial spirit, do so. That spirit can be expressed through an idea for a new business or through an idea for your current company. The admissions committee will certainly take notice of your penchant for entrepreneurship and hopefully recognize your ability to augment to the UMBS brand. Being recognized as a potential brand builder is a great way to move your application into the “yes” pile.
The fact about NYU's Stern School that comes up most often is its location. Stern sits right in New York City's Greenwich Village, between Manhattan's Midtown and Financial District. Students and grads rave about the schools’ location, and the administration smartly plays up its ties to New York when promoting Stern.
Given Stern’s location, it is not surprising that a large number of grads pursue jobs on Wall Street, where the Stern name and alumni network are the strongest. Eight of the school’s top 10 recruiters are investment banks. Although Stern’s overall academic reputation is strong, most people consider its finance department to be by far the school’s greatest strength. If you are interested in working outside of finance, don’t rule out Stern, but know that finance is where most of the action has historically been. The school is aware of this perceived inequity and has been working hard to balance its strengths across disciplines.
Although many would call Stern a finance school, its approach to management education is mostly a general one. First-year students go through a complete required curriculum of courses in all of the business fundamentals, with the bulk of elective coursework coming in the second year. Most students major in one or two of the school's 12 majors (including Finance, Economics, Marketing, and Operations), and some take a co-major or "program initiative." These latter two programs demonstrate Stern's generalist approach by involving faculty and courses from across the school's academic departments to teach specialized subjects such as Entrepreneurship, Digital Economy, and Law and Business.
Another way in which Stern's New York ties are apparent is in its teaching. The school boasts nearly 100 adjunct professors, many of whom are highly regarded veterans of the New York business community. Some of the bigger names who have taught as visiting professors at Stern include former Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker and Nobel laureate Robert Solow. The school prides itself on giving its students lessons with real-world applications, and part of this is letting students hear lessons straight from these veterans' mouths.
Stern also emphasizes the global orientation of its student body and its curriculum. A third of the class comes from abroad, and Stern offers an International Business co major option for the many American students there who have some interest in working overseas. You don't need an international angle to your story when you apply to Stern, but at least acknowledging the importance of a globally-focused education should help your cause.
Stern works to cultivate and maintain a spirit of teamwork and cooperation among its students, who do a fair amount of work in groups. Students and grads sometimes comment that they were pleasantly surprised to find that the culture is more cooperative than they expected, especially given the "shark" reputation that bankers tend to have. If you apply to Stern, don't discount the importance of teamwork in your message. The school is less impressed by individual achievers than it is by well-grounded people who have excelled in their past jobs by working with others. Keep this in mind, especially if you are a banker who is looking to distinguish yourself from the pack.
With a yield in the low 50s, Stern gets stiff competition from the likes of Columbia and Wharton for finance-minded students. Showing the admissions committee that Stern really is where you want to be—and having convincing reasons for why this is the case—will greatly help your chances of being admitted.
Although Stern’s name is best known on Wall Street, the school is also serious about entrepreneurship. The school’s Entrepreneurship and Innovation co major is a popular choice, as is its Entertainment, Media, and Technology program initiative. Stern’s annual Maximum Exposure Business Plan Competition gives budding entrepreneurs a chance to compete for cash prizes. Successful business plan teams are matched with experienced entrepreneurs or venture capitalists who serve as mentors. This is an area of the program that the school continues to emphasize. If you consider yourself to be an entrepreneur, or you want to be one, be sure to let the Stern admissions committee know about it.
楼主辛苦了,非常受益
谢谢楼主无私的奉献,让我们收益非浅
The newly named McCombs School of Business—named after Red McCombs, who gave the school $50 million in 2000—offers a general management program known for innovation in business education. It offers no formal majors, but it does offer concentrations in the traditional business disciplines, such as Marketing and Finance. Students may also choose a "specialization"; a focused set of cross-functional courses designed to address a current business topic such as Entrepreneurship, Market-based Consulting, and Global Business Management. About half of all McCombs students choose one of these concentrations.
Teamwork is a major emphasis at McCombs, with students doing most of their work in project teams. Students also spend their entire first year taking their core classes together in cohorts. Naturally, the school looks for people who will thrive in this environment, so be sure to demonstrate your experience in working with others to make things happen.
One example of McCombs' innovation is its new Plus Program, a two-week mini-term that takes place in the middle of each regular semester. The program is a series of seminars that give students intense, practical training in topics such as sales, communications, and ethics. Students take these courses in one of six "academies," each one having a focus on a particular industry or line of business. Examples of academies are Community Development and Social Enterprise, The Business of Entertainment, and Product Design Innovation. Students apply to these academies in the fall, and are assigned based on their preferences and past experience. Through a series of four two-week Plus Program courses, students work on specific skills and tackle broad business topics within their assigned academies. Much of the work is done in workshops and small teams, and many of these exercises use improvisational exercises and games to help students learn how to think quickly on their feet. These activities exemplify what McCombs is about, so if they appeal to you, make sure to communicate that in your application. Also, as mentioned above, think about ways to demonstrate how you will fit into this environment, particularly by emphasizing your teamwork and maturity dimensions, as described in Chapter 2.
Two programs that demonstrate the school’s emphasis on hands-on experience are its MOOT CORP business plan competition and its MBA Investment Fund. Since 1984, the school has hosted MOOT CORP (we wish we knew why it's in all caps), the oldest and largest inter-business school business plan competition in the world. The competition now attracts teams from 30 schools, and winning teams get a chance to start their business in the friendly confines of the Austin Technology Incubator. Be sure to get to know this program better if you plan on applying to McCombs as a prospective entrepreneur.
Each year, 20 students are selected to run the MBA Investment Fund, a $12 million fund that was created in 1994 as the first legally constituted, private investment company to be managed by students. McCombs students have an opportunity to apply growth, value, and fixed-income strategies to several portfolios. The student managers manage a small part of the school's endowment, getting advice from professional money managers along the way. If you have an interest in investment management—or even just like the school's hands-on learning philosophy—be sure to show your enthusiasm for it in your application.
Like other highly-ranked schools with relatively low yield percentages, McCombs is careful about selecting people whom it believes have a sincere interest in its program. While most schools hope to see interest and enthusiasm demonstrated throughout your application, McCombs specifically looks for it in its essays questions. Invest considerable time in researching the school and finding out what kind of opportunities interest you (or could be added to the program). Even more importantly, focus less on trying to pick out an obscure activity to impress the admissions committee, and focus more on writing about something that truly interests you and highlighting how you will pursue that interest at McCombs. If your interest isn't currently met by one of the school's activities, then you have a great chance to show your initiative by proposing how you would start an activity around that interest. The key is to write about something for which you truly have passion, and to show how you will bring that same passion to McCombs.
Leadership is unquestionably the most emphasized dimension at Harvard Business School (HBS). The school's mission is to "develop outstanding business leaders who contribute to the well-being of society." This mission, along with the school's community standards, can be found posted in every classroom on campus. Candidates' potential as leaders should therefore permeate every aspect of the HBS application. Leadership should be projected on multiple levels; professional experience, academic experience, extracurricular activities, hobbies, and community service can all be used to highlight leadership capabilities. Good examples demonstrate your ability to have positive influence over the actions of others. A focus on leadership should also play a role in describing your career goals. More than most schools, HBS will closely evaluate your career goals based on their level of impact on society. Finally, remember to describe your leadership style and how it has changed over time. The admissions committee is really interested in what you have learned along the way and will be impressed with reflections on your "leadership evolution."
HBS is known as the quintessential general management program. In line with the mission of the school, students' decision-making ability across multiple business disciplines is the constant focal point. Students do not formally specialize in a particular aspect of business, as they do at most schools, and take the first year required curriculum in sections of 80-90 students.
The section experience is one of the defining aspects of the HBS learning model, as each student is expected to take on the responsibility of teaching her classmates. Students constantly draw from their own background and experiences, creating a dynamic atmosphere that is supplemented by the faculty's insights. To ensure that classrooms are filled with numerous perspectives, students' backgrounds are extremely diverse in nature. It is not uncommon for most sections to contain, lawyers, teachers, investment bankers, doctors, consultants, brand managers, professional athletes, military officers, and entrepreneurs. The required curriculum in the first year is followed by an entirely elective curriculum in the second year. Students utilize this year to further hone their decision-making abilities in areas that they believe will be the most beneficial for their careers.
Applicants should be aware that their undergraduate school's reputation will be factored into the selection process at HBS. The undergraduate schools that are most densely represented are Harvard University, University of Pennsylvania, and Stanford University. This, however, should definitely not be a deterrent to applicants from lesser known schools. Indeed, more than 150 undergraduate institutions are represented in a typical HBS class. Nonetheless, applicants who graduated from schools with less brand strength than most should make a concerted effort to highlight the strengths of their school and their accomplishments at the school. One way to do this is through the recommendation process.
HBS is one of the few business schools that doesn’t mind recommendations from former professors. While your recommendation approach should primarily focus on your professional experience, a recommendation that highlights your academic prowess can help augment your position as an applicant. The professor’s recommendation can add credibility to your school's reputation, thereby granting credibility to your entire application. Should you go down this path, however, make sure that the professor is in a position to comment on your leadership capabilities and on your professional goals. If the professor isn't that familiar with you and your story, then it's best to seek out a recommendation from a different source.
Being part of the HBS community is a life-long commitment. This is highlighted by the fact that the alumni network is often one of the first points that is raised when discussing HBS's differentiating factors. It is therefore to your advantage to show ways in which you have been a champion for your alma mater. The admissions committee isn't just concerned about what you will bring to the table during your time in the classroom, but also how you will remain involved with and support the school in the future.
The case study method is the lifeblood of the HBS learning model. This cannot be stressed enough. By graduation, students can expect to have conquered more than 500 cases in addition to textbooks, notes, and articles that provide conceptual depth to the case scenarios. Each case addresses a class topic and provides a "real-world" example on how the topic is applicable. New cases are constantly produced by professors and students will often receive a freshly written case hot off the press less than a week before discussing it. Second year students are even granted the opportunity to assist in the case writing process by participating in a field study. Producing cases has become such a core part of HBS that a majority of business schools purchase their case studies from it.
Displaying a grasp of the case method and how it is utilized at HBS is an excellent way to differentiate yourself from other applicants. You should emphasize your ability to engage in open discussions and your desire to learn based on real-world business applications. Both of these components are central to the way in which case studies are taught at HBS. Discussing your learning style and how you would benefit from case studies will also show your understanding of the learning model.
谢谢楼主!
总不能少了Wharton和Chicago吧?还有Kellogg和Yale。
拜托,拜托!
The instructions to Stanford's application indicate that it evaluates candidates based on three high-level criteria: "demonstrated leadership potential, strong academic aptitude, and contributions to the diversity of the Stanford community." Sounds simple enough, right? The difficulty with navigating the Stanford application is the degree to which these three criteria must be emphasized. In demonstrating your fit with these criteria your emphasis should primarily be on the innovation and leadership dimensions.
The most obvious example of Stanford's alignment with innovation is its strength in entrepreneurship. Closely linked with Silicon Valley, Stanford has achieved an entrepreneurship branding that other b-schools dream of. While Stanford is a general management program to its core (students do not select majors), electives based on entrepreneurship are in abundance. Courses that focus on areas such as venture capital, business model development, private equity, and entrepreneurial strategy are the backbone of Stanford's entrepreneurial strength. Discussing your entrepreneurial inclination can be a great way to unite the innovation and leadership dimensions, but it should not be done to simply appear as though you fit with Stanford’s values. Recognize that a large percentage of applicants who apply to Stanford will discuss entrepreneurship in their application. Therefore, should you go down this path, include vivid details about your ideas and also be sure to discuss their potential impact on society. This will help separate you from the pack.
Recommendations should be viewed as an extremely important aspect of your Stanford application. The admission committee will take a close look at your recommendations in evaluating your leadership potential and your teamwork capabilities. If there is one application in which you should avoid submitting generic recommendations at all costs, this is it. Make sure that you follow the instructions closely and submit two professional recommendations and one peer recommendation.
Academic aptitude is a criterion that Stanford evaluates more rigorously than most other top b-schools. Because the curriculum is quantitatively heavy, the admissions committee will look closely for measures that indicate that you will be able to succeed within the learning model. Therefore, your GMAT score will be looked at closely in addition to your transcript(s). If your scores don't reflect a high standard of analytical background, you will need to express it through your professional experiences and/or additional coursework. You should also be aware that while those accepted by Stanford come from a multitude of undergraduate institutions, a large majority attended "high prestige" universities. If you are not among this group, you should discuss your school's strengths and your reasons for attending it.
While Stanford's emphasis on teamwork may not be as strong as it is at Fuqua, Kellogg, or Tuck, it is definitely an important part of the learning model. During their first quarter at Stanford, students are assigned to study groups of four to five people and work together on a daily basis. You can display a penchant for working with others by discussing previous professional and extracurricular team involvement.
The essay portion of the application is your opportunity to demonstrate your ability to contribute to the diversity of the Stanford community. Because the Stanford essays do not have a word limit, you should really focus on telling your unique story, but doing so in a logical, flowing manner. Include headings in your essays so that your readers can follow your framework easily. Consider writing your Stanford essays after you've completed other applications. This will allow your story to be more polished. And don't even bother trying to shoehorn an essay from another application into your Stanford application. Ultimately, your essays should reveal your passions, both professional and personal, and highlight your distinctiveness. You probably haven't scaled Mt. Everest or won a marathon, but don't let that keep you from positioning yourself as unique in some way. One applicant we spoke with, who was denied admission after her interview, mentioned that the alumnus with whom she interviewed suggested that her lack of distinctiveness contributed to her ultimate denial. "He complimented my competitive profile, but stated that I had no point of differentiation in my perspective, which weakened an otherwise strong profile."
You can assert a distinct passion for Stanford by visiting the school, checking out a class, and chatting with current students (yes, this goes for those of you on the East Coast too). Make sure that this visit finds its way into your essays in your discussion of “why Stanford?” your enthusiasm for Stanford will resonate positively with the admissions committee as it strives to maintain a high yield percentage.
Sun, beach, entertainment management program—while Anderson definitely has these assets that few other MBA programs can match, it also excels in the traditional areas that are valued by applicants. The Anderson program offers a general management curriculum that allows students to select from specializations in 11 areas or even create their own specialization. The specializations cover a wide range of topics including Finance, Marketing, Entrepreneurial Studies, Information Systems, Real Estate, and Accounting. In support of its flexible general management learning model, Anderson is in search of candidates who display a unique balance of leadership and teamwork capabilities.
Anderson views leadership in three basic ways. First, it recognizes leaders for their ability to convey strategic direction and vision to others. Vision allows for the unification of the group behind a common goal. Second, Anderson views leaders as problem-solvers who apply their analytical and communication skills to overcome challenges. Finally, Anderson defines leaders as people who cultivate the first two capabilities in others. Anderson does not view leadership and teamwork in separate spheres and therefore notes that the best leaders are also the best team players. The Anderson learning model provides students with opportunities to improve their balance of leadership and teamwork skills through team simulations, team-building exercises, analytical models, and projects. Your challenge is to display fit with Anderson’s definition of leadership. One of the best place to do that is in answering the essay questions. Try to provide an example that shows your leadership skills along the lines of the three definitions.
Anderson's entrepreneurship program has served, in many ways, as the model for many other business schools. The program offers a blend of coursework, entrepreneurial resources, and "hands-on" opportunities. At the core of Anderson's entrepreneurship program is the Price Center. The Price Center provides support for the development of course materials, research, and experiential opportunities. One such opportunity, the Knapp Venture Competition, is a traditional business plan contest, through which participants can win venture capital funding. The Venture Fellows Program and the Student Investment Fund—two competitive programs that students must apply for—expose participants to venture capital and investment management activities. Students can also gain exposure to new ventures through the Wolfen Award, which calls for selected students to complete a feasibility study on a start-up as part of an internship. Because of Anderson's strength in entrepreneurship, discussing your own entrepreneurial inclination can be a great way to display fit with the school and to differentiate yourself based on your unique ideas.
Anderson is also often recognized for its leading technology programs. It was one of the first business schools to integrate a wireless network throughout its facilities and often receives praise for its use of technology in the classroom. If you are interested in technology, you will find a number of interesting courses and opportunities in which to participate. Similar in its function to the Price Center, the Center for Management in the Information Economy provides resources to faculty in their research on how technology is impacting the business environment.
Despite Anderson's low acceptance rate and its great reputation, the school has a relatively low yield percentage. The school is looking for improvement in that area and will evaluate applicants closely to see if they are really committed to Anderson or are just applying to diversify risk. Along those lines, establishing fit is extremely important. You are given an explicit opportunity to show that Anderson is your top pick in its essays. Be sure to capitalize on that opportunity by displaying intimate knowledge of the program and then go the extra step by explaining how you would get involved in school activities to further bolster Anderson's reputation.
A unique aspect of the Anderson learning model is the Applied Management Research Project. This six month project is the last requirement of the MBA program and follows in line with Anderson's perspective on leadership, teamwork, and applied learning. The projects are completed in teams of three to five and generally consist of a strategic consulting assignment or the development of a business venture idea. In either case, students are able to apply their entire Anderson toolkit in a comprehensive manner. Discussing your interest in this project – and more generally, in the hands-on learning opportunities that Anderson offers – during your interview or in your application is another good way to show fit.
In a world filled with business schools, Haas maintains a high degree of distinction. That distinction can be seen just by reading through the Haas essays, which at times seem more like questions from a psychologist rather than from an admissions committee. Indeed, the essay questions are indicative of a school that is serious about admitting applicants who can maintain almost paradoxical balances—applicants who are committed to traditional business learning, but display a bit of personal panache. Applicants who would be willing to stand alone based on personal conviction, but are willing to unite in the name of teamwork. Applicants who are looking to make waves in the marketplace, but remain cognizant of social and ethical responsibilities. If you can paint a picture of yourself that reflects these traits, in addition to satisfying the more common admissions requirements, then you stand a good chance of being accepted into the Haas family.
The Haas learning model continues to emphasize three main themes: Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Management of Technology, and International Business Management. For the last several years, Haas has benefited from a symbiotic relationship with nearby Silicon Valley. This has resulted, not surprisingly, in an intensified focus on entrepreneurship. Haas now boasts multiple opportunities for students to cultivate and test their business ideas as well as to interact with mentors and experts. The Lester Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation, founded in 1991, supports a variety of activities such as the Berkeley Business Incubator, UC Berkeley Entrepreneurs Forum, and entrepreneurship fellowships and internships.
Technology has also been a natural outgrowth of Haas' geographical location. The Management of Technology Program offers a number of opportunities including courses such as Strategic Computing and Communication Technology, Information Technology Strategy, and International Trade and Competition in High Technology. The program also features research initiatives, and the annual Leading Edge Technology Conference.
The final theme, International Business Management, is highlighted in Haas' course offerings in addition to its International Business Development (IBD) and International Exchange programs. IBD offers students the opportunity to participate in a global consulting project with a team composed entirely of Haas students. In terms of exchange programs, Haas offers six in locations such as London, Barcelona, and Hong Kong.
Although the Haas learning model is rooted in general management precepts, students can obtain certificates in any one of the three themes in addition to Corporate Environmental Management and Health Management. Displaying an understanding of these themes and how they would benefit you should be a critical part of your application.
Demonstrating the teamwork dimension is also important, as Hass admissions counselors are actively looking for applicants who display team spirit. The learning model group assignments and interact closely with faculty. To demonstrate fit with these characteristics, you should display a pattern of getting involved and a sense of community.
The Haas learning model has a strong bent towards applying abstract theories to real-world situations. This approach begins with the faculty, a majority of whom have significant experience within the marketplace, and extends to the students, who boast an average of 5.2 years of work experience. The maturity dimension is highly valued at Haas and gaining acceptance with under three years of work experience can be challenging. As an applicant, you should try to display a diversity of experience and insight into how complex issues such as globalization, ethics, environmentalism, and politics impact business operations.
As other business schools scramble to revamp their programs in order to promote a new focus on ethics and social responsibility, Haas will benefit from its reputation as a pioneer in the field. With a required course in ethics, numerous electives, programs, and events focused on the topic, Haas gives full treatment to the interaction of business, ethics, and social responsibility. The National Social Venture Business Plan Competition is a hallmark of that interaction, as business schools across the country compete for a total of $100,000 by presenting plans that outline business propositions that have a societal or environmental component. Although a majority of Haas grads pursue careers in the traditional areas of consulting and finance, they all are all influenced by Haas' incorporation of social issues within the learning model. As you present you rprofile, make sure that you reflect a cognizance of societal and ethical issues that extend from business issues.
Tuck,Tuck,Tuck...
eeyupyup, really thanks alot!!!
The two words you will almost always hear when you mention Kellogg are "teamwork" and "marketing." Donald Jacobs, the school's dean from 1975 to 2001, is responsible for establishing the school as a top-ranked MBA program, and he did it largely on the strength of his philosophy that business managers can't be effective without knowing how to successfully work in teams. Even though Jacobs is no longer involved in the day-to-day running of the school (he's retained the title of Dean Emeritus), his approach is still very apparent in the school's program and culture. Most homework assignments and projects are done in teams, and the school has recently instituted a Web-based peer review system called TeamNet, which students are required to use in some of their classes.
Marketing is the school's other best-known strength, and much of the credit for that goes to Philip Kotler, who has written some of the best-known Marketing text books in the world. The rest of the Marketing faculty includes many other heavy-hitters who have distinguished themselves in their own right. All of this leads to heavy recruiting from companies looking for Marketing experts and brand managers.
Lost in the noise about Kellogg's Marketing program is the fact that its other programs are also very strong. In fact, Marketing isn't even the school's most popular major; more Kellogg students study Finance than anything else. Although Kellogg's curriculum is considered to be General Management in nature, students generally specialize in two or three fields.
The school also has noted faculty in areas such as Strategy and Managerial Economics. Just as Finance is a more popular major at Kellogg than Marketing, the biggest recruiters at the other top schools—McKinsey, Boston Consulting Group, Goldman Sachs, etc.—also do more hiring at Kellogg than the biggest marketing-related firms.
As you would expect, Kellogg's admissions office looks for teamwork-oriented applicants. "Sharks" or hot shots need not apply. This doesn't mean that Kellogg looks for 600 touchy-feely people each year, but rather, it looks for applicants who know how to get things done when working with others. Think of the "desert island test"—if you can think of someone whom you'd hate to be stranded with on an island, then Kellogg probably doesn't want that person, either.
Maybe even more importantly, Kellogg looks for people who will get involved at the school. A distinguishing characteristic of Kellogg is that pretty much everything is student-run, from clubs to international study trips ("Global Initiatives in Management") to professional conferences that the school hosts. Chances are that a student will even review your application. It's not uncommon for a student to be involved in five or six different activities or clubs outside of the typical four-class schedule. What this means for you is that you need to demonstrate that you will get involved in your profession, school, and community. And less can be more: Instead of listing seven clubs that you once participated in while in college, focus on the one or two activities that you’re really passionate about and show exactly how you got involved in those activities and made a difference.
Although Kellogg is best known for its teamwork approach, the school is increasingly positioning itself less as a place where students learn to be team leaders, not merely team players. In other words, people who work well with others, but aren't just follow ers. The administration wants recruiters to come to Kellogg looking for their next generation of leaders, rather than for marketing or finance experts who are easy to get along with. That means that Kellogg is looking for more outstanding leaders in the applicant pool. To this end, think of personal examples of how you've led teams toward a goal in the past. Most applicants will just think about teamwork in terms of how they helped others accomplish a goal, but show the admissions committee how you led a team to success and you'll be in great shape.
Wharton sums up its b-school positioning in two words: Wharton Innovates. Indeed, Wharton's stellar reputation and consistent appearance at the top of the rankings can be attributed to the school's ability to transform itself since its establishment in 1881 as the nation's first collegiate business school. Part of your challenge as an applicant is to get the admissions committee to think of your position as Your Name Here Innovates.
In support of its Wharton Innovates positioning, Wharton is actively expanding its promotion of entrepreneurial activity. The Small Business Development Center features an opportunity through which students act as consultants to local aspiring entrepreneurs. As consultants, students assist with business model development, raising capital, and conducting feasibility studies. Wharton also hosts an annual business plan competition during which student teams compete for more than $70,000. After completing the business plan, students can utilize the Venture Initiation Program (VIP) to transform their idea into a business. VIP provides Wharton students with the support they need to complete the final part of the entrepreneurial process. If you have any entrepreneurial aspiration, discuss it in detail in your application and it will definitely catch the admission committee's eyes.
There is perhaps no other business school in the United States that is as international minded as Wharton. Incoming classes represent over 65 countries, most students speak a second language, and the learning model encourages students to look at business issues from a global context. The school offers premier global joint programs through Penn’s Lauder Institute and Johns Hopkins University’s Nitze School of Advanced International Studeis. For students who are interested in a more tradition study abroad experience, Wharton offers exchange programs in 11 countries and the Global Immersion Program (GIP). GIP includes six weeks of studying a global region, followed by a four week study abroad to that region. If you have any international experience, make sure to work it into your application, because it will probably be valued by Wharton more so than by other schools. If you haven't worked or studied abroad, demonstrate a global perspective in your professional interests or display an interest in developing one while at Wharton. Overall, Wharton is very serious about its international mission and seeks applicants who aid and or benefit from that mission.
Wharton is often credited for having a top-notch finance curriculum, and its students are widely sought after for their finance capabilities. This means that the admissions committee will be paying close attention to your analytical abilities, as conveyed through your GMAT score, GPA, and professional activities. This doesn't mean that you have to come across as a quantitative guru, but it does mean that you have to show you can "hack it" in the classroom. Wharton has historically been friendly to applicants from non-traditional backgrounds, but that doesn't preclude analytical ability.
While Wharton certainly is a "powerhouse" finance school, its strengths stretch far beyond finance. Wharton offers 19 majors and features approximately 200 electives, more than any other business school in the world. Students can specialize in everything from Real Estate to Health Care Management to Technological Innovation to Strategic Management. Students are also allowed to create their own majors that focus on cross-functional learning paths. The seemingly unending options are like a smorgasbord of delicious treats. It would serve your application well to discuss a Wharton learning path and provide details on how it will aid you in achieving your professional goals.
Over the last several years, Wharton has also placed more emphasis on its students' teamwork capabilities. During their first year, students work on assignments in "learning teams," which are central to the learning model. Members of the Wharton community are quick to emphasize the benefits of learning from students with different professional backgrounds. As such, the school will be extremely interested in your ability to interact in a team-oriented environment. You should expect questions on this to come up during the interview. Additionally, Wharton is genuinely interested in knowing what type of person you are outside of the professional environment. A short discussion of your hobbies or community service activities will show that you are more than a resume.
The Wharton admissions committee will look at your application closely to see how you express the maturity dimension. The school really values professional experience, as reflected in its relatively high average years of work experience. Rejected applicants are often told that they could use another year or two of pertinent work experience. That shouldn't dissuade you from applying if your years of experience fall below the Wharton average, but you should be able to answer the "why now?" and "how will you add value to the classroom?” questions. You should especially expect this to come up during the interview if you have less than three years professional experience.
Yum
eeyupyup, YOU ROCK~~
and...Is Chicago on this list?
The University of Chicago Graduate School of Business (GSB) has long had a reputation as a great business school, and it has only grown in stature since Edward Snyder moved into the Dean's office in 2001.
Snyder and his administration have worked hard to promote the GSB’s strengths while addressing its perceived weaknesses. Its strengths are impressive, including the school’s notable roster of Nobel laureate faculty members – six as of last count, more than any other school – its high number of well-placed alumni, its strong international brand name, and its top-flight reputation with recruiters. As for weaknesses, in addition to its reputation for appealing mainly to quantitative jocks, the school has also faced a perception that GSB students are somewhat involved in the school than those at other top programs, partly a result of the school having to compete with all that Chicago has to offer.
The school has improved its reputation through a variety of programs. A grade-nondisclosure policy, put in place in 2000, has taken the edge off of grade competition. Leadership Effectiveness and Development (LEAD), a mandatory course for first-year students, helps students develop their leadership, teamwork, and communication skills. The school has also branched out beyond finance, emphasizing the strength of its marketing and general management programs, among others. Additionally, Snyder has made a strong push to augment the Chicago GSB community on campus, which remains an ongoing campaign for the school. Given that, the school will continue to look for applicants who demonstrate a willingness to get involved with meaningful extracurricular activities, maybe even more so than other top business schools. Therefore, be sure that your Chicago GSB application emphasizes your leadership and involvement in past endeavors.
One part of the school's reputation that is unlikely to change is its rigorous academic program. No matter what attributes the school tries to instill in its graduates, it is unlikely that it will lessen its emphases on hard finance and quantitative skills. Finance is still the most popular major, followed by Strategy, Accounting, and Marketing (13 majors are offered). One aspect of the curriculum that students love is its flexibility. LEAD is the only required course in the entire program, with students choosing from a menu of courses to satisfy their core curriculum needs. This level of flexibility truly sets Chicago apart from other business school learning models. Electives include "lab" classes, such as the school's New Product and Strategy Development lab, which gives students an opportunity to take on consulting projects for real companies. Keep this flexibility in mind as you think about how you might fit with the Chicago GSB program. This type of environment suits someone with a strong career focus better than it does a student who is still trying to figure out what he wants to do after business school.
The bottom line is that the school will always take its academics very seriously, and you'll need to communicate that you have the brainpower to keep up, regardless of your academic or professional background. Doing well on the quantitative section of the GMAT will help you a lot here. However, the school is very serious about turning out well-rounded leaders, and this starts by admitting well-rounded applicants who will get involved. If you believe that you can handle the rigorous curriculum, demonstrating that you have polish as well as brains will go a long way toward getting you into Chicago GSB.
Chicago GSB's quantitative-heavy reputation has traditionally meant that it attracted a high proportion of people who fit well with the school's learning model. On one hand, the school attracted a less diverse applicant pool than other top schools, but on the other, it knew that a majority of applicant s would be a good fit. Now, the school’s resurgence in the national rankings means that it may start to attract a broader applicant pool, some of whom may not really be a great fit with the school, or may not even know why they want to attend Chicago GSB other than because it’s ranked higher than most other programs. The school’s challenge will be to figure out who really belongs at the school. Concentrate on standing out from the pack by emphasizing your fit with the program, ideally by demonstrating some intellectual horsepower as well as the traits of the well-rounded applicant whom the school is looking for.
Curriculum innovation is one of the strongest assets of the Kelley learning model. The curriculum continues to receive accolades for its integrated, cross-functional approach to teaching. The basis of the approach is that ral-world business challenges are not discretely segmented into functions and therefore business school should be taught in an integrated manner. The admissions committee is looking for applicants wit leadership potential who view business issues in a cross-functional way and are interested in participating in a learning model that is taught in an equally integrated and flexible fashion.
The initial 24 weeks of the first year are split into three sections: Grasping the Foundations of Management and Decision-making, Identifying New Business Opportunities, and Managing an Ongoing Enterprise Profitably. These sections consist of a total of 14 modules, each module building upon the lessons of the previous modules. The goal of the core curriculum is to provide students with tools and intuition that will be invaluable in making management decisions. As a checkpoint, mid-way through the core, students participate in a team-based case competition, which allows them to display the benefits of integrated learning. One way for you to display an appreciation for the Kelley approach is to discuss how the results of actions you've taken in a business environment have been beneficial to multiple functions and not just the one to which you belong.
Outside of the core curriculum, students select majors and minors from a suite of 11 options including: E-Business, Finance, Information Systems, Marketing, Production/Operations Management, and Strategic Management Consulting. If none of the options suits their needs, students can design their own major that fits with their career interests. To supplement their specialized study, students can apply to participate in an "Academy." Academies are industry-focused and allow students to take part in career-focused course work and professional development activities such as discussions with professionals in the industry, a speaker series, and trips to relevant companies. There are Academies for Consumer Marketing, Entrepreneurship, Global Experience, Health Care, Investment Banking, Investment Management, Sports and Entertainment, and Management Consulting. Discussing these learning opportunities and how they would benefit you in achieving your career goals is a great way to establish fit with Kelley.
Looking into the future, Kelley will continue to focus attention on technology, leadership, and global initiatives. Technology is viewed as a powerful enabler of many of the strategies discussed in the classroom and Kelley strives to be recognized as a frontrunner in the usage of technology. Like most other top business schools, Kelley would like to be known as an institution that produces leaders and has established its Leadership Development Institute to help support that objective. From an international perspective, Kelley has gradually increased its international student percentage to 30 percent, and has added several study abroad opportunities. If you have the background or the direction to capitalize on any of these trends, make sure to spell them out in your application.
If the curriculum is the heart of the Kelley learning model, then the faculty is the life-blood. The faculty receives high praise for accessibility, commitment, and expertise. The strong commitment of the faculty has helped create a collegial environment in which teamwork is a strong norm. The admissions committee will be very interested to hear ways in which you can contribute to this environment. Loners and gunners need not apply.
While interviewing with Kelley is not required, it is encouraged. Nonetheless, only approximately 50 percent of applicants participate in the interview. The interview is an excellent opportunity for you to establish fit with the program as well as to display a true desire to attend the school. Your initiative will be duly noted by an admissions committee that is looking to increase its yield percentage.
Thanks, buddy!
Kelly sounds a bit like Michigan...
Spanning two continents and with a major presence on a third, INSEAD is making strides toward its goal of being recognized as the preeminent international MBA. The one-year general management program operates on campuses in France and Singapore and maintains an alliance with the Wharton School. Given its goal, INSEAD is in search of applicants who bring significant international exposure, academic excellence, and a solid professional background to the table.
The curriculum itself is general management in nature and lasts for 10 1/2 months. There are two different start dates, one which begins in September and another which begins in January. After receiving admittance into INSEAD, students may state their preference for either the Fontainebleau or Singapore campus. In either case, the program structure is the same and students have opportunities to visit the campus to which they are not assigned. The curriculum is divided into five eight-week periods and calls for students to take 15 required courses and a minimum of seven electives. Electives consist of advanced topics in Finance, Accounting, General Management, Marketing, Entrepreneurship, International Business, Ethics, and Running Family Businesses. Members of the January intake participate in a summer internship between periods three and four.
As far as international diversity goes, you would be hard-pressed to find another business school that rivals INSEAD. No one nationality represents more than 10 percent of the student body and less than half come from Western countries, meaning that the "international student" concept is essentially nonexistent. Students are quick to acknowledge this level of diversity as a differentiating factor, as the learning model gives credence to multiple approaches without showing bias to any. INSEAD also demonstrates its commitment to a global mindset through language requirements. Students must be proficient in at least two languages by matriculation and three by graduation. To establish fit, you should incorporate an international perspective in both your background and in your future goals. The admissions committee will closely evaluate your ability to have an impact on global business, so make sure that your story is not entirely nation-centric.
INSEAD views itself as an academic business institution. This is revealed through the large amount of general research that the school produces in addition to the writing of specific cases. Based on this perspective, INSEAD conducts a thorough assessment of your academic background. Specifically, the admissions committee will look at the reputation of your alma mater(s), your performance in the classroom, and your ability to handle quantitatively rigorous courses. If you don't have a numbers-intensive background or have not fared well in such classes, consider taking a statistics or finance course at a community college.
Due in-part to the abbreviated duration of the program, INSEAD tends to accept applicants with at least several of years work experience (more than 45 percent have more than five years). The school believes that students with more professional experience are better able to adapt to the one-year curriculum and leverage it in their career development. Indeed, INSEAD takes career development very seriously, as each student is matched up with a mentor to assist with the process. The school even has teleconferencing equipment readily available so that students can interview with firms who are unable to make the trip to campus. Your challenge is to present your professional experiences in a way that highlights your success in the workplace and your ability to contribute to the classroom. Despite INSEAD’s tendency to accept more experienced applicants, you may still want to consider applying if you are younger, as the school does accept a small number of less-experienced applicants each year. (about 15 percent of students have two years or less). If you fall into this category, it is even more important that you emphasize the maturity dimension and discuss an array of experiences that are academic, professional, and personal in nature.
Teamwork is an essential part of the INSEAD learning model. The school's strength in diversity would be pointless if there was no cross-cultural learning involved. As such, students are assigned to study groups of five to seven in order to heighten the learning experience. Groups are diverse across multiple dimensions including: nationality, professional experience, gender, age, and education. Team members work closely together on class assignments and in some cases even exams. Any cross-cultural team-based experiences that you can discuss will go a long way in establishing fit with the INSEAD mission.
While INSEAD has won international acclaim for its advances in business education, it is not resting on its laurels. INSEAD is actively seeking to expand the size of its program, especially the Singapore campus, and there are even discussions of establishing an entirely new campus. INSEAD has room to expand its program in part due to its high yield (approx. 80 percent), which should allow for more opportunities among applicants. With expansion on the way, potential applicants should consider INSEAD even if they are not linguistic geniuses. If you have a true desire to pursue a global career and are willing to put in work to develop your foreign language abilities, then INSEAD might be the business school for you.
eeyupyup老大又回来拉,等的好心急啊。
有london business school的介绍吗?本来只有北美的学校,但看到insead,估计欧洲的学校也有。
LBS关注的人不多啊?
Looking for a truly international MBA experience? Most other business schools' international immersion claims pale in comparison to what London Business School (LBS) offers. Incoming students can expect that 80-85 percent of their classmates will hail from countries outside of the UK. That representation tallies up to more than 70 nations in total. Combine that with a language proficiency requirement that calls for students to have a reasonable fluency in at least two languages (including English) and exchange programs with 30 business schools abroad, and you have the makings of an environment that encourages a fluid multicultural dialogue. Indeed, "becoming an international citizen" is one of four themes that LBS's program expresses. The admissions committee will be looking closely to see what type of international citizen you will be, so be prepared to discuss your international and cross-cultural experiences. You can expect a good portion of your interview to be dedicated to this subject.
In addition to demonstrating that you have the ability to be an international citizen, you should also make sure to display fit with the other three LBS learning themes: becoming a leader, becoming an independent thinker, and making things happen. These themes should not be viewed in disparate silos, but rather as intertwined objectives. LBS views leadership in three different ways: being competent and confident across a wide range of functions, being creative and flexible in your leadership style, and achieving results. Think of professional and personal examples that display these leadership characteristics and try to integrate as many of them as you can into your essays.
One of the ways that LBS believes your leadership abilities will be enhanced during the MBA program is through team opportunities. Immediately after beginning the program you will be assigned to a study group of six to seven classmates, in which you will tackle a multitude of group assignments. The emphasis on teamwork is so strong that these group projects are worth approximately 50 percent of students' overall first year grade. In addition to participating in a study group there is an expectation that students will also play leading roles in at least one of LBS's 50 club opportunities. In sum, these experiences allow students to enhance the three LBS leadership characteristics, while cultivating their team skills. To show your willingness to get involved, you might want to pick a couple club opportunities that interest you and mention them in your essays.
Becoming an independent thinker highlights LBS's desire to develop not only business leaders, but also to a certain extent, thought leaders. This is underscored by the fact that LBS is one of the only business schools that has its faculty conduct a majority of interviews. Given this type of interview, it is to your advantage to acquaint yourself even more than usual with the curriculum. LBS is also one of the few business schools that values recommendations that are written bv professors. The interactive LBS learning model benefits most when students have a high regard for the classroom dynamic and for academic preparation. Discussing your view of academics and how it has played a role in your outlook is a great way to display your stance as an “independent thinker.” Ultimately, LBS expects its students to take that academic theories learned in the classroom and “make things happen.”
The "making things happen" theme, a mixture of innovation and implementation, is often expressed through entrepreneurial ventures. The combination of the Foundation for Entrepreneurial Management, Sussex Place Investment Management, and the Gavron Business Centre serve as a business incubator and a capital fund from which students can access valuable capital and resources. Students can also opt to participate in the school's Entrepreneurship Summer School, which allows participants to develop and test business plans through their early stages. At the end of the experience, students present the results of feasibility studies to expert panels for feedback. Participants are then encouraged to further hone their business plans throughout their second year. If you have entrepreneurial ambitions, make sure to bring it out in your application.
One of the centerpieces of the LBS learning model is its Shadowing Project. As part of the project, first-year students are assigned to a manager for a week and are required to observe that manager's approach to leadership, challenges, and colleague interaction. At the end of the week, students record their observations and reflect on the implications those observations have on their professional development. This reflective nature is something that LBS looks closely for in its applicants; the thought being that reflection produces maturity. Indeed, the LBS learning model suggests that the four themes cannot be achieved without reflection. It is therefore imperative that you demonstrate a thoughtful nature in discussing your past experiences. Describing personal discoveries that you gathered from activities and events is a good way to do so.
好同志
岂一个谢字可表
申请顺利!!!!!
Upon visiting Darden, you will be immediately struck by three traits: the stunning campus, the dynamic classroom interactions, and the academic discipline. Each of these traits is rooted in closely-guarded tradition. While many business schools have changed their models over time to keep up with the latest fads, Darden has remained true to the ideals that have kept its students highly regarded as general managers. Your application should clearly display your fit with the Darden philosophy.
The central tenets of the Darden philosophy are based upon the close-knit feel of the school and the respect among students and faculty. Every weekday morning "First Coffee" is held, during which the Darden community sits down and discusses topics that are pertinent to the school. Students consistently rave about the bonds that are formed throughout their years at Darden, and the alumni are among the most committed to their alma mater. Indeed Darden has the highest endowment per alum of any of any business school. Although the class size is growing, the small school feeling remains. If you intend to get accepted, you should indicate your desire to become a member of this community, and provide examples of how you have and would be a contributing alum. A visit to the Darden campus and classroom is a great way to show commitment to the school; just make sure to mention the visit in your application.
The case study method still remains the major pedagogical tool through which the Darden learning model is taught. Professors select students through cold calls to initiate case analysis and then invite the entire class to participate in the dialogue. Students are placed in the role of the decision maker and must have the ability to articulate and defend their positions in an insightful manner. Your ability to contribute to case conversations will most likely be tested during your Darden interview. The interviewer will be evaluating your ability to provide cogent responses, your confidence level, and your professionalism. Your challenge is to position yourself as a candidate who can play both the student and the teacher roles within the case study framework. It should be noted, however, that while Darden is a case study school at heart, it has added other educational devices to its toolbox such as: video cases, articles, simulations, and experiential activities.
While the cases place you in the role of an individual decision-maker, case preparation is conducted in student learning teams. As a student, you would be placed in a learning team immediately after starting the Darden program. Teams are expected to meet every night, so discussing your ability to interact well with others should be an important piece of your application.
Darden expects its graduates to be leaders in their fields, but it also understands that leadership is learned through a path of progression. Make sure your essays show a progression in leadership and your recommendations highlight your potential to continue growing as a leader.
Darden is also well known for its strong emphasis on ethics. All students are required to take a course on the subject and ethical challenges often arise in cases through out the rest of the curriculum. The Olsson Center for Applied Ethics supports Darden's continued examination of the ethical aspects of business. Don't be surprised if a question on ethics comes up during your interview.
Darden is one of the few schools that doesn't impose word limits on its essays. This is nice because of the added flexibility. However, that added flexibility can also lead some applicants to go overboard, writing essays that quickly lose their focus and clarity. It is therefore extra important for you to ensure that your essays answer the stated questions and do so in a powerful and thoughtful manner. Make sure that your essays are segmented using headers and that any background information provided is only given to support your position. Even though the essays have no limit, admissions members certainly have limited patience.
While some modifications have been made to the Darden learning model to curb excessive work, the academic experience remains intense. Although students don’t take exams on Saturdays, as in the past, the Darden experience is anything but a two year vacation. Perhaps for no other school is the analogy to drinking from firehose more appropriate. There are no days off at Darden, as students spend more time in the classroom than at any other top business school and conquer 13 cases a week on average. Students are expected to enter the program with a background in statistics, economics, and accounting. The benefit from such a rigorous learning model is that graduates truly feel that they’ve received value in return for their efforts. The intensity pays off in preparation. Focus on this benefit and your ability to succeed within the parameters of the learning model, and you will be on your way to establishing a good fit with the Darden tradition.
Over the last few years, Broad (rhymes with "road") has expanded its brand be yond "regional MBA" status. This expansion can be attributed to a quick rise in the bschool rankings and Broad's strength in practical specializations. Students can select from four primary specializations (Supply Chain Management, Marketing Technology, Human Resource Management, and Finance). The Supply Chain Management (SCM) specialization has especially helped place Broad on the map. SCM, which focuses on manufacturing operations, logistics, and purchasing, continues to draw recruiters from across the nation that are looking to optimize their product and information flows. Students may supplement these areas of focus with secondary specializations, which include: Business Information Systems, Corporate Accounting, General Management, and Leadership & Change Management. Referencing your specialization interests and explaining how a background in those areas could support vour career goals should he key components of your application strategy.
Another large asset of the program is its career services function. Broad’s career services group has made extensive efforts to attract a bevy of innovative companies to campus. As a result, Broad students now enjoy an average rate of job offers that is commensurate to or greater than that of other top programs. Some of the major recruiters include: Intel, Gemini Ernst & Young, IBM, Ford, and A.T. Kearney. You should take note that there is relatively little investment bank presence on campus. Along those lines, make sure that your career goals align well with Broad's strengths.
Broad students rave about the school's small size and the access to professors. They enjoy the intimate environment and the close relationships that are developed within the program. Unlike most other b-school programs, chances are that you will leave Broad knowing all of your classmates' names.
Over the last few years Broad has begun to make a name for itself through case competitions. Held around the globe, case competitions allow teams of three to six students to display their analytical, public speaking, and persuasion skills. Broad actively encourages students to participate in these competitions and assists in students preparation for them. The results speak for themselves, as Broad students have come away with high placements in a number of these competitions. If you have any interest in participating in case competitions, bring them up as a great discussion point.
Broad's application is fairly compact in comparison to the applications of other top programs. With two short essays, the Broad application makes it more difficult for candidates to differentiate themselves from each other. As such, it is important that your baseline statistics (GMAT and GPA) are close to those of the current MBA class. This importance has been compounded as Broad looks to improve its baseline statistics in order to continue its movement up the rankings. Therefore, you should utilize the optional essay to address weaknesses in baseline statistics that are five percent below the means.
Overall, Broad is looking for bright candidates who aren't afraid to get their hands dirty while working to solve managerial issues. If you can position yourself as such and hit the mark in terms of GMAT and GPA, your application will resonate positively with the admissions committee.
A few years ago, Broad grads received criticism for their lack of teamwork capabilities. The Broad administration was quick to react and has made strong efforts to introduce team building exercises into the learning model. Today, a large portion of class assignments are completed in teams. From the moment orientation begins, students are placed on project teams and students' skills are continuously enhanced through team building workshops and activities. As part of the core curriculum, students are required to take the course Leadership & Teamwork. This course provides students with an experiential learning opportunity through which they can work in teams under different simulated conditions. The bottom line is that you should present yourself to the admissions committee as a team player who is open to further examination of your team skills.
很精彩!!
谢谢啦...
Anything about:
Cornell or Emory?
Many thanks!
Thank you so much!
Would you please add "University of Wisconsin-Madison" and "Indiana University–Bloomington (Kelley)"?
The Richard Ivey School of Business prides itself on turning out business leaders with well-rounded general management skills. Ivey students don’t major in a particular subject, but rather receive a general management degree. All students work through the same core curriculum the first year, and spend their second year taking electives that allow them to focus on a particular discipline, or stay generalists if they so choose. One noteworthy part of the second year is the Ivey Client Field Project (ICFP), the only required course for second-year students. In ICFP, teams of students work with a company to identify business issues and to recommend a course of action. Students spend most of their second year on the project, working with employees from the company and with a faculty advisor along the way. At the end of the project, they present their recommendations to the company's management. ICFP is a great example of the general management approach that Ivey aims to instill in its students. Demonstrating an understanding of the program and the real-world value that it can provide will help show your fit with the school.
More than nearly any other school, Ivey is completely devoted to the case study method of learning. The school estimates that students evaluate and discuss about 600 cases in their two years at Ivey. Students typically spend one to three hours preparing for each case individually and in learning teams, and then discuss their opinions and analysis in class, with the professor directing the discussion. It's a rigorous approach to learning, and one that requires a certain kind of student.
Accordingly, Ivey looks for applicants with strong academic backgrounds, as well as those with a willingness to throw themselves into tough challenges. The school likes applicants who bring a unique point of view to class, in order to encourage consideration of a wide range of perspectives in each discussion. Ivey also looks for applicants with polish who are not afraid to voice their opinions. Any way in which you can demonstrate a time when you had to persuade others to follow you, or when you had to make an unpopular decision, will help greatly. Finally, the school looks for people who will make good citizens in the classroom. The case method works best when everyone involved is willing to consider others' opinions.
Think carefully about how you can demonstrate these kinds of traits in your application, starting with the work you did in Chapter 2. The more easily that the admissions committee can envision you as a thoughtful and active participant in an Ivey case discussion, the better off you will be. Also, remember that Ivey's program is a general management one where a broad perspective is valued over specific quantitative skills. Make sure that a general management education is what you want, and spell out why this is valuable to you in your application.
Finally, Ivey is interested in students with an international perspective. Each year, 50 or so Ivey students take part in programs like the Leader Project, in which students spend three weeks teaching business concepts to students in places such as Russia, Belarus, and Cuba. Students interested in Asia can also spend a month teaching at the School of Economics and Management at Tsinghua University in Beijing. While an international resume isn’t required, Ivey will look for a n interest in global business issues, and a willingness to stretch outside of your comfort zone. Think about ways in which you can demonstrate these in your essays.
As mentioned earlier, Ivey's philosophy and learning style are built around the unique contributions that each student brings to the classroom. While the school places no official minimum on the amount of work experience an applicant needs, Ivey is clear about preferring applicants with at least two years of experience. The admissions committee will not only look at how much experience you have, but also will look for ways in which your experiences make you unique. If you come from an uncommon background, such as entrepreneurship or nonprofit work, then be sure to emphasize what you have learned and how it makes you different than other applicants. At the same time, make clear that you have the business acumen that it takes to succeed in the case study environment. If you come from consulting or banking, then your challenge will be to set yourself apart from similar applicants. Spend a lot of time putting your uniqueness into words, ideally with distinctive work challenges and notable activities outside of the office.
Johnson is a quintessential small MBA program. With less than 300 members in each class, students receive a high degree of attention from faculty and from the dean. Perhaps no other top business school program emphasizes professor accessibility as much as Johnson does. Professors at Johnson literally open their homes to students and go the extra mile to ensure that opportunities to learn course concepts extend beyond the classroom. Indeed, joining the Johnson program is more like joining the Johnson family. Your application should echo that sentiment in addition to reflecting the core values upon which the Johnson program has build its reputation.
The values that are central to the Johnson program include: a dedication to analytical rigor, an action-oriented approach to learning, and a collaborative learning environment. Your application should highlight your ability to think in an analytical manner. This could manifest itself through a discussion of how you focus on developing solutions, your approach to analyzing problems, or an analytically driven business idea that you have. Analytical in this sense doesn't purely mean numbers oriented (although Johnson will take a close look at your quantitative GMAT score), but rather it means based on rational and in-depth thought and examination. Examples you can provide along those lines will help you establish fit with the analytical strength Johnson values in addition to its application-focused learning model. As a member of the Johnson family, you will be expected to contribute to your classmates' learning and to the school as a whole. Said in another way, Johnson is looking for applicants who are team players. While you definitely shouldn't shy away from publicizing your accomplishments, be careful not to come across as arrogant in tone and be sure that your recommenders reflect positively upon your teamwork skills.
Although Johnson is a general management program in that there are no majors and a majority of courses that students take are electives, the program's strength lies in its finance curriculum. Johnson even offers a financial engineering program that focuses on subjects such as: derivatives, portfolio analysis, stochastic processes, and computer-based modeling. Another alternative for those who are interested in technical training is the Twelve Month Option MBA program. This program requires an advanced scientific or technical degree and is perfect for those applicants who don't want to be out of the workforce for two years.
Like many other b-schools, Johnson has jumped on the "leadership bandwagon." However, leadership potential is not merely a criterion listed in brochure material; it is one of the most important applicant characteristics by which you will be evaluated. In fact, Johnson offers up to 30 two-year full-tuition scholarships to students who have demonstrated exemplary performance in the area of leadership. The admissions committee will look to see whether you take initiative on a regular basis and will specifically assess how you have an impact on your professional and personal environments. Writing about leadership roles that you've taken on and how those roles have progressively increased in level of responsibility is a great way to implicitly state your further leadership potential. Your interview is another proving ground on which leadership will be discussed. You should anticipate that you will receive several questions on leadership, especially questions asking you to provide examples of displayed leadership. You should also anticipate being asked a question on current business events, so make sure you have a decent understanding of what's going on in the business world before your interview.
Similar to its learning model, Johnson’s application offers more flexibility than most. This becomes most apparent in its essay requirements, which allow you to select from a great number of options. Your emphasis, however, should be on the leadership and innovation dimensions, Your ability to establish fit along these lines will help grant you entry into the Johnson family.
The Immersion Learning curriculum is probably the best example of Johnson's action-oriented approach to learning. Immersion Learning, also referred to as "the semester in reality," is an experiential method that allows students to take a hands-on approach to functions such as: Managerial Finance, Investment Banking, Brand Management, Manufacturing, and e-business. Students visit companies, work on actual business challenges, and are evaluated based on the solutions that they develop in response to those challenges. Discussion of Immersion Learning can be a great way to display your knowledge of the Johnson learning model.
感激不尽!
请问有以下这些学校的介绍吗?
谢谢。
University of Washington;
University of North Carolina--Chapel Hill (Kenan-Flagler);
University of Minnesota--Twin Cities (Carlson); University of Iowa (Tippie); University of Illinois--Urbana-Champaign |
Would you please provide the info of Yale and CMU?
Thank you !!
Emory University's Goizueta (pronounced: "goy-SWET-uh") Business School is one of the smallest of the nation's top programs, with just 170 entering the school's traditional two-year MBA program each year. Like other small programs, Goizueta is noted for its close-knit culture and high student involvement in every aspect of the school. Student Action Groups give students a strong voice in many of the school’s departments, including admissions, curriculum development, marketing, and facilities planning. Not surprisingly, the school expects that each of its students will get involved in a t least one opportunity to leave a mark on the school.
Goizueta promotes its own flavor of leadership training, which it calls Leadership in Action. The school believes that effective leadership requires seven important traits – courage, integrity, accountability, rigor, diversity, teamwork, and community – which it has deemed its "Core Values." Goizueta students are immediately introduced to the school's Core Values during their orientation week, with one activity devoted to each of the school's core values. Students participate in ropes courses and skydiving to learn courage, perform service projects to gain a sense of community, etc. In other words, the school expects each student to embrace its Core Values, and you should be pre- pared to explain what these values mean to you.
Before the start of each semester, Goizueta students take part in a pre-term course called Lead Week, an intense program that gives them exposure to real-world business issues. Before the start of the first-year fall term, students study a series of cases focused on a single company. Each case emphasizes an academic discipline, such as operations, strategy, finance, or marketing. Students compete in teams to prepare analyses and recommendations for the subject company, and the winning team gets to present its findings to the company's executives. To start the second year, student teams compete in a business plan competition, with each team preparing a business plan from scratch and pitching it to a panel of venture capitalists. Lead Week programs in the winter and spring give students opportunities to focus on topics of their choosing, and even study issues abroad. Additionally, Goizueta Plus is a series of seminars that students take in their first year, giving them the opportunity to explore their own personal interests, their leadership traits, communication skills, and larger issues in business ethics. Although these programs are constantly evolving, they remain a centerpiece of the Goizueta program, and expressing an understanding of how they embody the school's Core Values will help strengthen your application.
The annual Goizueta Marketing Strategy Competition gives student teams another chance to tackle real-world business challenges. Students work with executives from partner corporations in developing solutions for real marketing challenges that these businesses face. While performing their analyses and developing their recommendations, students are coached by faculty members and receive additional training through a series of training seminars. A panel of executives and Goizueta faculty judge each team's output, with the winning team taking home $10,000. Especially if you are interested in marketing, be sure to express your enthusiasm for the competition and hands-on experience that it provides.
While most schools prefer students with some amount of work experience, Goizueta explicitly states that students need at least a year of work experience in order to apply. It is therefore not surprising that its student body tends to skew slightly older than those of other top schools. Although all schools look for maturity in their applicants, Goizueta is clear about the importance of this dimension of your application. It is therefore important to choose essay and interview stories that emphasize your own professional maturity.
Perhaps Goizueta’s most important espoused Core Value is courage, which the school defines as a willingness to take risks and push yourself out of your comfort zone. The school believes that this is an important component of leadership, and you can therefore expect the Goizueta admissions committee to look for examples of this trait in your application. The school is most interested in the applicant who takes the road less traveled and is willing to take some risks. Any way in which you can demonstrate this trait in your own past—and what you learned from it—will help the admissions committee see how you fit in at Goizueta. Think about how you can weave these stories into your application, particularly in the essays.
Carnegie Mellon's MBA program is highly analytical, as quantitative rigor is integrated throughout the entire curriculum. The school's proper name—Carnegie Mellon Graduate School of Industrial Administration—invokes images of a program turning out leaders for the manufacturing sector. Although this is partially accurate, the school is also well known in finance circles, where Carnegie Mellon grads' quantitative skills are also highly prized.
While many schools have a minimum math requirement for applicants, Carnegie Mellon expects its applicants to have at least completed one college-level calculus course along with another high-level course in calculus, statistics, or linear algebra. Don't worry, you can take a course part-time before enrolling, but realize that quantitative skills are something that will have to come through in your application no matter what discipline you want to pursue. Also, more than half of each full-time class holds an undergraduate degree in a technical major. Make sure that you're capable of keeping up with applicants that have computer science and engineering backgrounds (if you don't have one yourself). This capability will mostly be represented in your GMAT score, your undergraduate studies, and your previous work experience.
The school's emphasis on analytical abilities is apparent in its core curriculum. Required courses in Probability and Statistics, Decision Models, and Operations Management have the usual dose of quantitative lessons. But classes such as Finance and Economics also have a heavy dose of analytics. One unique feature of the program is its mini-semester system. Students have four mini-semesters a year, instead of the more typical two-semester system. Starting in the spring semester of their first year, students can begin taking electives at the business school as well as at Carnegie Mellon's other schools. If you are interested in expanding your knowledge in such fields as biotechnology or computer science while earning your MBA, explore and consider discussing these opportunities. They provide great ways for you to demonstrate fit and enthusiasm for the flexibility of Carnegie Mellon’s program.
Carnegie Mellon also touts its practical, hands-on approach to learning, exemplified by its Management Game, a highly involved computer simulation that runs from the last mini-semester of the first year through the first semester of the second year student teams each run their own simulated business, making decisions affecting operations, finance, marketing, and labor relations. Admitting a level of realism to the game, each team is assigned a board of directors, comprised of local business leaders. Teams also practice contract negotiations with local labor leaders and consult with law students at the University of Pittsburgh.
The Management Game requires not only superior quantitative skills, but also strong communications and teamwork abilities, both of which the school also looks for in its applicants. If you are an applicant coming from engineering or an otherwise technical background, be sure to bring out the teamwork dimension in you application. Carnegie Mellon values strong thinkers, but values most those strong thinkers who can turn in- sights into action.
Nearly half of the 2002 graduates pursued careers in finance, especially corporate finance in the manufacturing sector. Healthcare is also a popular choice for graduates (including pharmaceuticals and biotechnology). Carnegie Mellon alumni are also active entrepreneurs, and the school looks for entrepreneurship traits in its applicants. If you have entrepreneurial aspirations, discussing them in your essays and during your interview can be a great way to establish fit with what the school looks for in its applicants.
You won't find any majors at Carnegie Mellon, or any academic departments for that matter. The school promotes an interdisciplinary approach to learning, encouraging faculty members from different fields to teach courses together. The result is a fairly broad approach to management education. While students can choose from concentrations in 12 different subjects, most tend to choose multiple concentrations, further broadening their learning. While Carnegie Mellon's deep analytical focus makes it very different from other general management programs such as Harvard or Darden, keep the school's interdisciplinary philosophy in mind as you build your application story.
The Yale School of Management aims to produce leaders who will make a difference both within their organizations and in their communities. The school's stated mission is to educate leaders "for business and society." While over two-thirds of each class go into finance or consulting (like most other business schools), there is a much greater emphasis on nonprofit and public sector lessons and opportunities at Yale than at most other schools. No matter what their career goals are, the candidates who most appeal to the admissions committee are the ones who demonstrate a broad perspective and an understanding of the importance of contributing to society at large.
Yale students spend their first year learning the school's core curriculum. The core includes the usual business school courses (including economics, finance, marketing, and operations), but also covers topics such as Leadership and The Politics of Strategic Management. These courses apply the theory of politics and influence to business management situations, something that is common throughout Yale's curriculum. Think about this approach to learning, how it might appeal to you, and what you may be able to contribute to the classroom. Students take electives in pursuit of one of seven concentrations, including Marketing, Strategy, Finance, Leadership, Public Management, Operations Management, and Nonprofit Management.
Fittingly, Yale's nonprofit program is one of the best-known in the United States. The school offers extensive elective options in nonprofit and public sector management, and also provides students with a variety of opportunities for getting involved in their communities outside of class. Yale's Internship Fund, established in 1979, provides financial assistance to students who take on non- or low-paying jobs in the nonprofit or public sector. Funds are raised from student contributions, and up to one-fifth of the class receives some amount of funding in any given year. Even if you don't plan on pursuing a nonprofit job after school, demonstrating enthusiasm for getting involved in this type of program can help further show your fit with the school.
Entrepreneurship is also a focus at Yale, and students have several opportunities to get involved in building a business. Yale hosts an annual business plan competition, with entries divided into two categories: for profit and social entrepreneurship. The school also hosts a separate National Business Plan Competition for Nonprofit Organizations, blending the school’s strengths in community involvement and entrepreneurship. Outside of the nonprofit sector, Yale students also run their venture vcapital fund, known as Sachem Ventures. This $1.5 million fund gives students a chance to screen, invest in, and work with startups in the New Haven are.
When thinking about demonstrating fit with Yale, focus especially on the leadership and innovation dimensions of your application. As mentioned previously, the school looks for applicants who contribute to their community, and this is perhaps the most important component of the school's definition of leadership. Additionally, the school stresses the importance of understanding the interaction between the private sector and public sector, so you want to demonstrate a "big picture" view and a willingness to learn about how one affects the other, no matter what your career interest is. As far as innovation goes, Yale looks for applicants who are comfortable with having their thinking challenged and are willing to take intellectual risks. The more you can demonstrate a willingness to "think outside of the box" both on the job and in your extracurricular activities, the better off you will be. Additionally, the school looks for applicants with integrity, so think about how you can demonstrate this as part of your maturity dimension.
Yale is looking for business-minded people who are just as comfortable talking about world politics as they are pricing a financial instrument. You can show fit with the program by demonstrating your knowledge of current events and a natural desire to get involved in your community. Note that Yale's essays serve as a great opportunity for you to show that you know what is going on in the world around you, and that you have an opinion that's worth hearing. Don't just try to tell the admissions committee what you think they want to hear. Rather, take a position in which you truly believe and succinctly support it with a real-world example or two.
Over the last several years, Kenan-Flagler has made great strides in establishing its name among the top business schools. With an intense focus on analytics, leadership and teamwork, and a small-program culture, Kenan-Flagler has grown in popularity among applicants and recruiters. The learning model features an integrated general management curriculum that focuses on four themes: Analyzing Capabilities and Resources, Monitoring the Marketplace and External Environment, Formulating Strategy, and Implementing Strategy and Assessing Firm Performance. These themes are featured in four corresponding eight-week modules, taken during the first year.
During the second year, students can select from seven "career concentrations" (Corporate Finance, Customer and Product Development, Investment Management, Global Supply-chain Management, Management Consulting, Real Estate, Entrepreneurship, and Venture Development). Students can supplement these career concentrations with "enrichment concentrations" in Sustainable Enterprise, International Business, or Electronic Business and Digital Commerce. As their names indicate, these concentrations are more oriented toward career development than traditional functions. This is indicative of a learning model that prides itself on having close ties to industry development. Those close ties are supported by having a corporate advisory board, comprised of experts from top companies, that provides guidance on the concentrations' curricula. In addition to serving on the board, these experts also provide students with career advice and job opportunities. To fit well with its focus on career development, Kenan-Flagler looks for applicants who are strong in the maturity dimension. The school discourages those with less than two years work experience from applying and takes a close look at applicants' professional records in search of tangible achievements.
Analytics plays a large role in the Kenan-Flagler learning model and therefore in the applicant selection process. The program is known for its quantitative rigor, so if you have a relatively low quantitative GMAT score and a weak quantitative background, you should consider taking a couple extra courses in economics, statistics, or financial accounting. Like many other schools, Kenan-Flagler has an analytical workshop that students can attend before classes start, but taking initiative to shore up your quantitative skills will show the admissions committee that you will be able to succeed in its numbers-driven environment.
The Kenan-Flagler culture strongly emphasizes both leadership and teamwork, but the admissions committee will more actively evaluate your leadership potential. To bolster that potential, first-year students take a two-part course called Leading and Managing. Students begin the course by reviewing leadership evaluations filled out by their former colleagues. These evaluations pinpoint leadership growth opportunities that students focus on throughout the course. Each student ultimately produces a leadership plan which details the areas in which she would like to improve. There should be at least three aspects of your leadership capabilities that you emphasize in your application: Use of analytical skills to assess situations, ability to leverage resources (both people and tools) in developing solutions, and success in implementing solutions. Discussion of these leadership traits will help you establish fit with Kenan-Flagler's mission.
If you are considering an entrepreneurial career path, discussing it in your application is a great way to get your application a second look. We’re not talking about merely mentioning that entrepreneurship is an interest, but rather actually discussing the innovation you would like to bring to the market. The latter will get you further because Kenan-Flagler is interested in students who are serious about entrepreneurship. It has spent the last several years augmenting its entrepreneurial program and is hoping to become a household name in the area. Under the direction of the school’s Center for Entrepreneurial and Technology Venturing, students can now select from a suite of electives that provide insight into each stage of business model development. The school holds an annual venture capital competition, during which aspiring entrepreneurs put their models to the test and receive feedback from established venture capital firms. It can even be competitive to get into some of the later-stage entrepreneurial classes, which require an application and a business plan.
Despite the accolades Kenan-Flagler has received for making improvements to its program, it still has a relatively low yield percentage. The admissions committee will take a close look at your application to see whether you are serious about attending the school. Naturally, establishing fit with the school's mission and values is a good way to express your interest. An additional, more conventional way to do so is by visiting the campus. The admissions committee looks positively on applicants who visit the campus as a way to get to know the school and the learning model more intimately. Taking this step will express the level of commitment for which the school is looking.
In the past, Kenan-Flagler was criticized for its lack of focus on international business. It has since increased its global emphasis by adding an international business concentration, increasing study abroad opportunities, and adding language courses. The school now actively looks for applicants who are interested in pursuing global careers, so if you have any experience or interests along those lines, make sure to bring it out in your application.
Positioned as more than an MBA program, the Marshall School of Business portrays itself as a life-transforming experience. This experience is referred to as the Marshall Advantage and is highlighted by an application-focused curriculum and special programs in entrepreneurship and international business. The experience is augmented by the Trojan Family culture, which emphasizes teamwork, integrity, and professionalism. Your Marshall application strategy should demonstrate your ability to leverage the Marshall Advantage in addition to displaying fit with the Trojan Family culture.
From the moment students begin the Marshall program, they notice a strong emphasis on career development and putting theory into practice. A majority of the Marshall faculty has significant professional experience. The professors work in teams to discuss ways to highlight the application of theory in the classroom. Not surprisingly, the Marshall Admissions Committee will closely evaluate your maturity dimension. The committee is in search of applicants who can contribute to the classroom based on their success in professional and personal endeavors. Examples that you can provide to impress the committee along these lines include promotions, discussions of passion for your work or community, tangible improvements made to your company, and leadership demonstrated in group settings.
Marshall owns bragging rights to being the first business school with a dedicated entrepreneurship program. That program, supported by the Lloyd Greif Center for Entrepreneurial Studies is now recognized as one of the top in the nation. Students have the opportunity to compete in business plan competitions in addition to developing their own business models. Discussing your entrepreneurial ambitions is a good way to display fit with Marshall's commitment to this subject. Along with Entrepreneurship, Marshall offers almost 20 concentrations in areas such as Business of Entertainment, Corporate Finance, General Marketing, Investments and Financial Markets, Management Consulting, Real Estate Finance, and Technology Development and E-business.
Marshall's commitment to international business is highlighted by the fact that all students are required to travel abroad as part of the Pacific Rim Education Program (PRIME). As part of the first-year curriculum PRIME is a five-week program, during which students become more familiar with the global aspects of business through lectures, casework, and a team project. Students can select from a number a countries including Chile, China, Japan, Singapore, Thailand, Cuba, or Mexico. PRIME has quickly become a favorite among students and a majority of them actually accept internships in the countries that they select for the program. International opportunities outside of PRIME include study abroad programs that come in lengths of three weeks, four weeks, or an entire semester. Marshall will continue to look for ways to make a name for itself in the international arena, and it is therefore important that you display knowledge of or a desire to gain knowledge or global business issues.
Teamwork rests at the core of the Marshall learning model. Students begin the program by participating in a retreat that focuses on developing interpersonal and teamwork skills. When classes begin, students are placed in study groups of four to six classmates who work together during the first term and are then reshuffled in each term thereafter. Additionally, teams of six students participate in a series of case competitions, which call for students to come up with recommendations to real-world business issues and then present to faculty, classmates, and company representatives.
Despite the myriad offerings with which Marshall provides its students, it often plays second fiddle to UCLA (Anderson), Berkeley (Haas), and Stanford. Marshall is looking to become more competitive with these area schools by highlighting the quantitative rigor of the program. As such, the admissions committee will take a close look at your quantitative GMAT score in addition to looking at your transcript(s) for evidence of proficiency in numbers-intensive courses. If you don't have a quantitative heavy background, consider taking an accounting, statistics, or calculus course. The admissions committee will also take a close look and evaluate the probability that you will accept an offer. You can increase your chances by displaying intimate knowledge of the Marshall learning model and passion for the school's mission and values.
Simon offers a heavy does of quantitative learning within a small school environment. The schools’ curriculum is unique in that it approaches most of the major academic disciplines from a n economics perspective. Simon students study Finance, Marketing, and Organizational Behavior all through the lens of economic theory, and are encouraged to tie these subjects together by using basic economic principles. The school believes strongly in this approach to business training. You won’t be expected to speak intelligently about price elasticity or supply and demand curves in your admissions interview, but be ready to demonstrate an understanding of this learning approach and to explain why it appeals to you.
Simon students are also expected to take a rigorous, analytical approach in nearly every subject, and the school is careful to screen for analytical abilities in the admissions process. In fact, Simon recently raised its minimum requirements for statistics experience among its admitted students. The school will give you every opportunity to get up to speed before you enroll if you haven't already studied statistics or calculus, but be aware that the school will look closely at your quantitative GMAT score and your college transcript for evidence of analytical abilities.
In addition to its emphasis on quantitative skills, Simon's core curriculum gives students an opportunity to develop their leadership and communication skills in a small, team-based environment. Students take their first-year core classes in small cohorts of 40 people each, and also are assigned to five-person study teams in which they participate throughout their entire first year. Simon emphasizes the learning teams in order to expose all students to the diversity of their peers and to try to overcome the competitive pressures that such a rigorous environment can produce. In a small environment like Simon's, the ability to get along with your peers is a must, so think about ways to demonstrate an outgoing personality and knack for teamwork.
Starting in the school's pre-term course and continuing throughout the first year, students also take a series of courses in communication skills, featuring small workshops and one-on-one coaching conducted by second-year students and school staff. This personal coaching is common throughout the school, and is another benefit of its small size. Students are also encouraged to get involved at the school. Part of students' learning outside the classroom—the VISION program, which teaches such skills as negotiation and change management—is run by second-year students. The school looks carefully for evidence that you are truly interested in Simon, and demonstrating your enthusiasm for these unique programs can help convince the admissions committee of your interest.
Simon is best known in finance circles, which is no surprise given its emphases on economic theory and quantitative skills. Students can exercise their finance muscles by managing the student-run Simon Meliora Fund (which is made up of a portion of the university's endowment) or by participating in the school's annual Investment Challenge. While nearly half of each class goes into finance, the school also attracts many consulting and even marketing firms that are interested in students' analytical abilities. Simon recently introduced two new concentrations in Health Sciences Management and E-Commerce to go along with its 12 existing concentrations. Give either of these a look if they complement your background and your career goals.
Simon looks for several traits in its applicants, all stemming from the school’s definition of what a successful leader can do. It looks for an ability to decipher a murky situation and choose a course of action – an extension of the school’s emphasis on analytical abilities. Simon also looks for people who understand how to persuade and motivate people. This is where the school’s Organizational Behavior and Communications classes come into play. Finally, the school looks for an ability to recognize talents in other individuals and to encourage their skill development, which is reflected in Simon's emphasis on teamwork. Think about ways in which you can demonstrate these abilities through past experiences, and discuss them in the essays portion of the application.
Few schools have undergone as much change in the last few years as Owen. After Martin Geisel—who had led the school for 12 years—died in 1999, the school took nearly a year and a half to find a full-time replacement. During that time, it lost nine professors (about 20 percent of its faculty), and students complained that the lack of leadership was hurting the school. Some wondered if the school had peaked.
Enter William Christie, an Owen finance professor who was eventually selected to lead the school in July 2000. Christie is young as far as deans go, but students say that what he might lack in experience is more than made up for by the energy that he displays in the classroom. He has started some innovative new programs to bring the administration closer to the student body, including "The Dean Is In," a regularly scheduled time in which he sets up a table and dispenses advice to any student who has a question. The result is that students now have great things to say about the administration, and they once again feel good about the school's leadership and direction.
Owen is small, and it boasts a faculty-to-student ratio of about 10:1. The school's academic program emphasizes practical application of management knowledge, and that comes through in its Practical Training Internship. This program gives Owen students a look at the issues that most frequently come up in the day-to-day running of a business. Students then apply these lessons during their summer internships, and write in-depth reports of their experiences at the end of the summer.
In addition to completing the core curriculum, Owen students can concentrate in areas such as Finance, Marketing, Operations, or Human and Organizational Performance. The school also offers several "emphases," including Brand Management, Entrepreneurship, and Healthcare. The school is known for maintaining a flexible curriculum, so don't be surprised to see the school add new concentrations or emphases to keep up with the changing times.
As in the case with many small schools, Owen has a collegial, close-knit community where student involvement is high. Students are encouraged to voice their opinions on school-wide matters, and the administration is known to listen to them. Keep this in mind as you think about the aspects of your application that demonstrate your community involvement.
Owen looks for students who really want to attend the school. Owen is likely to sniff out someone who is just looking for a “safety school,” so make sure that you demonstrate why you want to spend two years there.
Owen made waves with its Electronic Commerce concentration in the late 1990s, as the school made a bold move to establish itself as a leader in the field of e-commerce management training. It was a logical move for a program that was trying to move from having a regional name to a global brand. The tech industry slowdown has meant that Owen's advantage in this arena has been somewhat diminished, but its e-commerce program is still well regarded among recruiters, despite the school's location away from the traditional high tech hotspots. Keep it in mind if you want to build your e-commerce resume and are willing to venture away from the coasts for a couple of years.
Yeah, it is. I mentioned it on the first floor.
Originally positioned as a graduate program in operations, Krannert changed its degree title from Masters of Science in Management to MBA in 2001. The new label made official the expansion of the program, which occurred over several years. Today Krannert is recognized as an MBA program with strengths in technology, manufacturing, and other analytical functions. The school is looking for applicants who can thrive within a quantitatively intense environment, support its traditional strengths, and also continue building its brand in other aspects of business. At heart, Krannert is still a quantitatively centered program, so you should display some proficiency in this area through your GMAT score, transcript(s), or professional experiences.
It's not surprising to hear Krannert MBAs refer to their alma mater as "Techno MBA," as the program regularly utilizes technology to support its hands-on learning philosophy. Many students choose to specialize in Information Systems, one of six functional specializations the school offers (the others are: Accounting, Finance, Marketing, Operations Management, and Strategic Management). In addition to functional specializations, the school offers interdisciplinary concentrations in International Management, General Management, and Manufacturing and Technology Management. Discussion of your goals should include a small blurb on where you see one or two of these specializations coming into play.
Technology is used to simulate e-commerce transactions, the power of enterprise application integration, financial trading, and database architecture. In addition to these examples, Krannert provides numerous opportunities for its students to translate theory into application. The Student-Managed Investment Fund (SMIF) provides students with the opportunity to help manage a six-figure financial portfolio and distribute a portion of the gains to Krannert and other graduate programs. During the Digital Information Industry Simulation, students act as the CEO of a large technology company, making decisions that have an impact on the results of the company. Krannert also offers MarkStrat3, another computer simulation that allows student teams to compete against one another, trying to win market share and increase profits in the high-tech industry. Providing an example in which you took an abstract idea and implemented it is a powerful way to highlight your fit with Krannert’s philosophy on translating theory into application.
Given Krannert’s strong technology focus, it is important that you display familiarity and comfort with technology. This doesn’t mean that you have to come across as techno wiz, but to the extent that you are at eased with discussing the benefits of technology and sharing ideas of technological innovation, you should do so. Keep in mind, however, that Krannert is also trying to expand its brand beyond just technology and operations, so don't shy away from bringing up interests in other aspects of business. Telling a story about how you would like to apply tech-sawy business principles to industries outside of traditional technology can also help your application stand out.
Krannert provides all of the benefits that come along with most small MBA programs, including accessible faculty, a close-knit student community and an emphasis on teamwork. Immediately after beginning the program, you will be assigned to a four- or five-person team. Students within a team come from diverse professional backgrounds and spend time working on group assignments for the first eight weeks of class. Having strong team skills is important to succeeding in these groups, and is therefore something upon which the admission committee will rate you. Use the essays to discuss your ability to contribute to a team.
One of the areas that Krannert is actively looking to expand in is its global presence. The program already receives a large number of applications from international candidates (70-80 percent of all applications) and maintains a large number of international students (generally more than 1/3 of students). Krannert is looking to leverage its popularity among international candidates and offer more opportunities abroad. One international program the school is actively promoting is the German International Graduate School of Management and Administration (GISMA) program. This program features an eight-week module in Hannover, Germany, during which students take classes taught by Krannert faculty and visit German companies. To the extent that you have global aspirations, be sure to highlight them in your application. Doing so should benefit your fit with the school.
Smith has made a name for itself among business schools for its emphasis on technology. The school's core curriculum works information technology lessons into nearly every one of its classes, and students can tailor their general management education to concentrate in topics including electronic commerce, e-service, information systems, and supply chain management.
One tangible example of the school's technology focus is its Netcentricity Laboratory, or "Net Lab," which Smith has built as a proving ground and learning environment for functions including e-commerce and supply chain management. Students use models and simulations to learn the nuances of these systems in a series of e-business lab courses. The lab is sponsored by industry heavyweights including Oracle, Sun, and Reuters, and features their technologies prominently. The Net Lab also contains a Financial Markets Lab—modeled after a Wall Street trading floor—which gives students a chance to apply what they learn in the classroom to real-time financial decisions. Naturally, the more you can speak with passion about the importance of technology in your career path, the better fit you will demonstrate in your Smith application.
Speaking of Wall Street, the school also has a real-money portfolio called the Mayer Fund, which is run by 10-12 second-year Smith students. Founded in 1993, the fund gives students a chance to manage a portfolio worth more than $1 million. The fund is a great chance for aspiring money managers to get their feet wet and gain exposure to the top executives who make up the fund’s external board of directors. If you are interested in finance, consider discussing your interest in the Financial Markets Lab or the Mayer Fund in your application.
Another example of hands-on learning at Smith is its MBA Consulting Project, a required course for all second-year students. Teams of students work to earn credit toward their MBA while consulting for major corporations and government agencies. This is a unique feature of the Smith MBA and one that the school feels sets it apart. Even if you're not interested in consulting, make sure that you demonstrate enthusiasm for the real-world lessons that this program provides. In fact, if you're not a consultant, emphasizing the appeal of this program may help your application stand out even more, as long as it's consistent with the rest of your story.
Smith students and grads describe the school's culture as being very cooperative. Teamwork figures into a lot of what students do, both in traditional classes and the school's Experiential Learning Modules that augment students' skills in areas such as communications and strategic business analysis. Accordingly, be sure to frame your past successes as instances of team success wherever possible in order to demonstrate fit with the program. And while leadership isn't talked about as much at Smith as at other schools, any examples you can provide to bolster your leadership dimension will help you stand out from the pack.
Like other schools with lower yield percentages, Smith is careful about selecting candidates who are truly interested in its program. Demonstrating your knowledge of the school, and especially your enthusiasm for its focus on technology and entrepreneurship, will help you make your case that Smith is where you want to be.
Smith is very committed to entrepreneurship, and its Dingman Center for Entrepreneurship is a major hub for start-up activity in the Washington, D.C., region, giving entrepreneurs access to experienced mentors and potential investors. If you are serious about entrepreneurship, look closely at the school's Dingman and Lamone Scholarships. Students are selected based on their entrepreneurship experience, desire to start a business after business school, and their start-up ideas. They receive personal mentoring and business plan advice from experienced entrepreneurs in the Dingman Center. In exchange, Dingman and Lamone Scholars volunteer at the center, offering their own advice to others and running educational seminars in entrepreneurship and networking. Think about this program if you plan on starting your own business, especially on the East Coast, where Dingman's reputation is strongest.
欢迎光临 ChaseDream (https://forum.chasedream.com/) | Powered by Discuz! X3.3 |