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标题: GWD boldface逻辑题求解 [打印本页]
作者: stellapan95 时间: 2016-4-2 23:22
标题: GWD boldface逻辑题求解
A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price. Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits while they still can, many companies charge the greatest price the market will bear when they have such a product. But large profits on the mew product will give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the mew product’s capabilities. Consequently, the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price.
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
A The first is an assumption that forms the basis for a course of action that the argument criticizes; the second presents the course of action endorsed by the argument.
B The first is a consideration raised to explain the appeal of a certain strategy; the second is a consideration raised to call into question the wisdom of adopting that strategy.
C The first is an assumption that has been used to justify a certain strategy; the second is a consideration that is used to cast doubt on that assumption.
DThe first is a consideration raised in support of a strategy the argument endorses; the second presents grounds in support of that consideration.
EThe first is a consideration raised to show that adopting a certain strategy is unlikely to achieve the intended effect; the second is presented to explain the appeal of that strategy.
答案是B，我想问为什么C不行？
作者: stellapan95 时间: 2016-4-2 23:23
忘记标黑体了。。。
A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price. Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits while they still can, many companies charge the greatest price the market will bear when they have such a product. But large profits on the mew product will give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the mew product’s capabilities. Consequently, the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price.
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
A The first is an assumption that forms the basis for a course of action that the argument criticizes; the second presents the course of action endorsed by the argument.
B The first is a consideration raised to explain the appeal of a certain strategy; the second is a consideration raised to call into question the wisdom of adopting that strategy.
C The first is an assumption that has been used to justify a certain strategy; the second is a consideration that is used to cast doubt on that assumption.
D The first is a consideration raised in support of a strategy the argument endorses; the second presents grounds in support of that consideration.
E The first is a consideration raised to show that adopting a certain strategy is unlikely to achieve the intended effect; the second is presented to explain the appeal of that strategy.
答案是B，我想问为什么C不行？
作者: elusive 时间: 2016-4-3 00:26
A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price. （现象解释型，说了一个现象） Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits while they still can, many companies charge the greatest price the market will bear when they have such a product. （解释现象，because表示因为） But large profits on the mew product will give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the mew product’s capabilities. （也是解释现象，but表示转折,position变了，作者说了不喜欢的理由）Consequently, the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price. （结论）
B The first is a consideration raised to explain the appeal of a certain strategy; the second is a consideration raised to call into question the wisdom of adopting that strategy.
C The first is an assumption that has been used to justify a certain strategy; the second is a consideration that is used to cast doubt on that assumption.
第一个不是一个假设，是一个解释。
作者: alzn2765 时间: 2016-4-3 09:23
首先，黑体的两句分别支持了两个strategy，所以这两句不是同向的。但本身这两句话之间是没有矛盾的，不存在一个直接否定另一个，而都是用来支持某一个strategy的。
我们一般只区分是论据（evidence, support, consideration, fact,assumption）还是结论(claim, conclusion, recommedation, attitude)，一般不需要再去细分。BF题考察的一定是这两句话之间的逻辑关系（同向／不同向？支持／反对／没关系？），而不会去考察这两句话究竟是assumption还是consideration，这不是逻辑。
C错在“the second is a consideration that is used to cast doubt on that assumption. ”，第二个BF句只不过是用来支持跟第一个strategy不同的另一个strategy，但是并没有直接反对第一个BF句。
好比：
A：因为我比你高，所以我应该是体育委员
B：我才应该是体育委员，因为我跑的比你快
B只不过说了另外一个他觉得B可以是体育委员的原因，但并没有直接去反驳A说的A比B高的事实。
作者: elusive 时间: 2016-4-3 11:41
那不就是position变了？
作者: alzn2765 时间: 2016-4-3 12:05
这题position的确有变啊，我没说position不变啊。作者不同意第一个，同意第二个。
我解释的是为什么C不正确。
和第一个BF是explanation还是assumption不重要，因为BF题的判断方式不是根据论据的类型来判断的，而是根据两个BF句子之间的关系来确定。
作者: elusive 时间: 2016-4-4 13:04
Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits while they still can
和
any companies charge the greatest price the market will bear when they have such a product.
是一个因果关系，所以是在解释这个strategy，不是在假设这个strategy。
所以B的前半句和C的前半句比，B更好一些。
单单知道作者喜欢第一个不喜欢第二个没法做出这道题，是因为C后半句和B后半句都说了 to cast doubt on 和to call into question ，所以
判断BC的唯一方式是判断第一句是不是explain和assumption。
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