标题: Prep 08 SC 183 请教 [打印本页] 作者: yiziwinnie 时间: 2015-11-24 21:45 标题: Prep 08 SC 183 请教 Despite recent increases in sales and cash flow that have propelled automobile companies' common stocks to new highs, several industry analysts expect automakers, in order to conserve cash, to set dividends more conservatively than they were
A. to set dividends more conservatively than they were
B. to set dividends more conservatively than they have been
C. to be more conservative than they have been in setting dividends
D. that they will be more conservative than they were in setting dividends
E. that they will be more conservative than they have been to set dividends
已经参照prep 语法看过了，但是还是有一些还是很不明白。
A. 实义动词to set(表达预测，将来时)与系动词were不平行，应该是: to set Div. more conservatively than they have done.
to set 与were 不平行是因为 时态不平行么？一个是表示将来时，一个是过去时？
那就算是按照笔者的该法，那为什么 将来时 与现在完成时又是平行的呢？
B. to set与have been不平行，要在been后面加上setting或改为have set以修正平行。
同A问题； to set Div. more conservatively than they have been setting / have set 如何平行？
C. Correct；be + adj + in doing something很顺口, e.g. She is very active in posting questions on CD.；时态也很好：to be表示从现在开始的未来，have been 从过去到现
在，时间轴上没有空缺
时态有问题：怎么 理解时间轴上没有空缺？难道不是比较发出动作所发生的时间吗？expect 预测的是将来的 用to set 这个是明白的，但是与之前的set dividents 时间 相 比，这个实在过去发生的，为什么have been setting 是可以的，为什么不可以用 did 代替？
作者: xcdamon 时间: 2016-4-14 09:51
我当时也做错了 写一下我的思路 有错误的还望指点
DE 很明显 except 后面是不应该加will的 否则冗余- （predict 后面常用搭配是will）A) to set dividends more conservatively than they were
B) to set dividends more conservatively than they have been
C) to be more conservative than they have been in setting dividends
A选项 except to sent more conservatively than they were - conservatively 副词也说明了是动作的比较。但是they were 肯定不是一个动作，而是像是补出了were 说明是主语（they）的比较
B 同样的道理 这里引用Ron的话就是 无论你什么时候要省略。你省略的部分最起码要在前面出现过，而且是一模一样的。（同一动作区分时态：XX did than XX do 这个do和did 不同，不可以省略） 所以说这里省略的setting 而前面的是set 所以要改成 than they have been setting （dividends 前面有一样的存在，故可以省略）
C 选项 conservative 是一个adj. 可知 这里就是主语automaker的比较了。to be more conservative than they have been（conservative） in setting dividends
做错的还有一个原因就是对于 have been 很不熟悉
一直以为 整个have been doing /done是一个词组 但是其实本质是have been 这个词组（的一个分支） 即 be动词的完成时
所以have been +adj. （be+adj的完成时）表示一个状态 从过去直到现在。 这也是为什么C 选项填满了所有的timeline
CD 有其他的帖子说 AB 改一下就对了。但是我个人觉得 AB 绝对不是正确答案的方向，因为作者 想要强调的就是主语automaker 前后的差异。而不是发股息这件事。
此外AB 如果都对的话 改正后应该一个 A应该是than they have done B 是 than they have been setting （根据正确答案用的have been adj 我大胆的猜测一下 have done 和 have been doing 都是由过去发生到现在，have been doing 更强调包含现在此刻的状态。也是这个句子想要表达的。）