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标题: 请教一个prep语法题，关于代词的指代与in addition to的平行 [打印本页]

作者: seponey11 时间: 2015-10-25 21:52
标题: 请教一个prep语法题，关于代词的指代与in addition to的平行

In addition to her work on the Miocene hominid fossil record, Mary Leakey contributed to archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstakingly documenting East African cave paintings.

(A) Leakey contributed to archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstakingly documenting

(B) Leakey contributed to archaeology by her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and by painstakingly documenting

(C) Leakey was a contributor to archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and with her painstaking documentation of

(D) Leakey's contributions to archaeology include her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and her painstaking documentation of

(E) Leakey's contributions to archaeology include discovering the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstaking documentation of

Correct answer：D
My answer：C

我查了网上的一些讨论，对于以下几个问题有疑惑：

1. D选项中her是否存在指代问题？(这是我首先排除D的原因）我认为：Leakey’s contributions to archaeology include her discovery...中her无处指代，除非改成Contributions of Leakey to archaeology include her discovery...则her可以指代前文的Leakey。

2. C选项Leakey was a contributor to A with D的表达是否存在A&D无逻辑关联的歧义。网上有一种解释认为She is a popular singer with a great voice.中voice与Singer无逻辑关系。同理，She is a contributor with a discovery也丧失了discovery与contributor之间的逻辑关系。

3.in addition to连接的两个句子，是否应该保证主语平行？网上有解释认为，由于题目前半部分in addition to接的是 her work，所以后半句应该要用her work的平行对应词为主语，因而可排除ABC。

后天就考试啦求NN们解答~！！

作者: seponey11 时间: 2015-10-26 09:39
TAT 没有人... 自己顶一下！！

作者: DebugXY222 时间: 2016-8-12 12:14
我也想问 in addition to要不要平行感觉是要的

作者: 享受学习的快乐 时间: 2017-10-15 21:14
1.关于D中her指代问题，我搜了曼哈顿论坛上Ron在另一题的解释，他说
the "rule" is:
* POSSESSIVE NOUN with NON-POSSESSIVE PRONOUN is NOT OK.
BUT
ALL OTHER COMBINATIONS are ok.
i.e.
possessive noun with possessive pronoun is ok.
non-possessive noun with non-possessive pronoun is ok.
non-possessive noun with possessive pronoun is ok.
也就是说 possessive pronoun 指代possessive noun 是可以的，也就是这题中的her指代之前的Mary Leakey。
另外他强调代词不能指代名词所有格这个rule并不要求掌握，目前并没有一个官方的题目需要用到这个来判断。
2.关于C的表达contributor，Ron认为是不地道，而且和动词contribute比起来wordy。
3.他好像没有明确说in addition toA,B的形式里A和B要不要平行，但是他说在这题中显然DE的表述更凸显平行。

作者: danyuchn 时间: 2017-10-17 16:42
1. 所有格her可以指代所有格Mary Leakey's。是一般的主格受格代名詞不能指代所有格。

2. 我認為不是wordy的問題。而是C/D相比，你可以發現出題者在核心語意（去掉修飾語的主謂賓語意）上出現了調動。
C強調的是人作為什麼身份，D強調的是貢獻有什麼。而根據句首修飾語「除了他的...成就」外，你覺得後面要強調的是「還有什麼成就」還是「他是什麼身份」？

這題如果前面的修飾語換成了in addition to her career of scholar, 那就變成「除了...身份」後面「他也是contributor（補充另一種身份」，這種時候就算D看起來較精簡，但也在語義上絕不可能是正確答案。

補充GMAT同樣的設計「核心語意調動，導致與修飾語的語意關係不合理」：

Although Alice Walker published a number of essays, poetry collections, and stories during the 1970s, her third novel, The Color Purple, which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize.(C) published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(E) was published in 1982, winning both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize, and bringing her the widest acclaim

思考：主要動詞要選誰，才能跟前面的although整句話在語義上合理搭配？

In the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, the United States acquired 828,000 square miles for about four cents an acre, which more than doubled the country's size and that brought its western border within reach of the Pacific Ocean.
(C) With the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the United States acquired 828,000 square miles for about four cents an acre, more than doubling its size and bringing
(E) Acquiring 828,000 square miles in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, the United States bought it for about four cents an acre, more than doubling the country's size and bringing
思考主句提到面積還是提到價格，才能夠帶出句尾的more than doubling its size ...？

3. in addition to 不需要考慮跟邏輯主語的平行問題。請在正確句子集合中搜尋in addition to 就知道了。

平常練習時少從寫法精簡冗長（wordy）來判題，而要學習主要用文法搭配語意判題的模式。

Dustin

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