ChaseDream

标题: [求助] OG-22 [打印本页]

作者: applebee001 时间: 2005-7-16 14:01
标题: [求助] OG-22

Passage 22

The new school of political history that emerged in the 1960’s and 1970’s sought to go beyond the traditional focus of political historians on leaders and government institutions by examining directly the political practices of ordinary citizens. Like the old approach, however, this new approach excluded women. The very techniques these historians used to uncover mass political behavior in the nineteenth-century laceName w:st="on">UnitedlaceName> laceType w:st="on">StatelaceType> – quantitative analyses of election returns, for example – were useless in analyzing the political activities of women, who were denied the vote until 1920.

By redefining “political activity,” historian Paula Baker has developed a political history that includes women. She concludes that among ordinary citizens, political activism by women in the nineteenth century prefigured trends in twentieth-century politics. Defining “politics” as “any action taken to affect the course of behavior of government or of the community,” Baker concludes that, while voting and holding office were restricted to men, women in the nineteenth century organized themselves into societies committed to social issues such as temperance and poverty. In other words, Baker contends, women activists were early practitioners of nonpartisan, issue-oriented politics and thus were more interested in enlisting lawmakers, regardless of their party affiliation, on behalf of certain issues than in ensuring that one party or another won an election. In the twentieth century, more men drew closer to women’s ideas about politics and took up modes of issue-oriented politics that Baker sees women as having pioneered.

What does the last sentence mean? 能否翻译一下？Baker sees women as having pioneered 在句中做什么成分？

作者: shenzhen2004 时间: 2005-7-16 15:43
"modes of issue-oriented politics "serves as the objective of having pioneered.

作者: swlfx 时间: 2005-7-18 09:50

二十世纪，越来越多的男性向女性（持有的）的政治观点靠拢，并且采用了被Baker 认为是由妇女发起的事务导向型的政治活动方式。

作者: swlfx 时间: 2005-7-18 09:51
Baker sees women as having pioneered 做定语，修饰issue-oriented politics 。

作者: applebee001 时间: 2005-7-18 12:41
Thanks.

欢迎光临 ChaseDream (https://forum.chasedream.com/)