ChaseDream

标题: 急问:GWD-28-30新题 [打印本页]

作者: lakeeast    时间: 2005-7-14 21:38
标题: 急问:GWD-28-30新题
Unlike the body’s inflammatory response to cuts and sprains, with widespread swelling and stiffness immobilizing the injured area until it heals, the body’s response to sunburn is more localized and resulting in a distinct line dividing affected and unaffected areas of the skin.


A: with widespread swelling and stiffness immobilizing the injured area until it heals, the body’s response to sunburn is more localized and resulting


B: where the injured area is immobilized with widespread swelling and stiffness until it has healed, sunburn generates a more localized response in the body, which results instead


C: with the injured area immobilized by means of widespread swelling and stiffness until healing, sunburn generates a more localized response in the body, one resulting


D: in which widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area until it has healed, the body’s more localized response to sunburn results


E: in which widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area until healing, instead, the body’s more localized response to sunburn results



我做题的时候选A,回头看的时候又觉得象D,很难抉择.



A好像比较对象更好(body’s inflammatory response vs  the body’s response to sunburn, widespread swelling and stiffness vs. more localized ),但结构较怪,with的修饰可能会有歧义(修饰前面的response还是后面的response?).而且"is more localized andresulting..."好像大全也见过类似用法,但读得总不舒服.



D的比较对象不好,而且"until it has healed"中it该是指 "cuts and sprains",单复数有错.只是句子更通顺一些.



请NN们帮我确认一下答案.我后天就要考试了,语法还是没把握呀!


作者: likui    时间: 2005-7-14 22:03

这题讨论过,我觉得应该选D;这里it指代area;


in which 和in a distinct平行对称;


inflammatory response 和more localized response平行对称,且符合unlike的意思。


作者: lakeeast    时间: 2005-7-15 06:45

thanks a lot!


作者: xinfaxian    时间: 2005-7-15 14:37
gwd 28在哪里有download啊?可以指点一下吗?
作者: 阿土莎莎    时间: 2007-12-7 13:41
up
作者: 阿土莎莎    时间: 2007-12-7 13:42

E还是D啊?


作者: atc    时间: 2007-12-7 17:46

个人支持选D

the body’s inflammatory response 包含于the body’s response ,排除A,B,C

E中的until healing, instead,,感觉不对,哪有until doing的呀

D中的IT指代BODY

欢迎大家拍砖!


作者: JimmyYeh    时间: 2009-3-3 14:34

A.    with表因為或者是隨著..,這裡邏輯意義都不通。句尾的resulting 平行錯誤。

B.     C. 主語邏輯錯誤

D.   correct!

E.  Unlike A, B. 不用再出現 instead


作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-3 15:33
每個choice都有點毛病...
D和E中的which好像沒有合邏輯意思的指代.
如果which是指代:
- cuts and sprains, 意思不對
- the body’s inflammatory response to cuts and sprains, 意思也不對
作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-3 16:39
A中的"with widespread swelling and stiffness immobilizing the injured area until it heals" 可以看作非限制修cuts and sprains.
A中比較不好的是"is more localized and resulting":
- 第二個is不應該省, 因為is localized跟is resulting的兩個is工能上不一樣, 可是我不決定GMAC會否接受這種省略.
- 假設GMAC接受這種省略, 另一個問題是好像沒有必要用現在進行時態(is resulting)
個人傾向A, 因為在5個choices中A是相對比較好...

作者: aeoluseros    时间: 2009-3-3 20:05
以下是引用AlienX在2009-3-3 15:33:00的发言:
每個choice都有點毛病...
D和E中的which好像沒有合邏輯意思的指代.
如果which是指代:
- cuts and sprains, 意思不對
- the body’s inflammatory response to cuts and sprains, 意思也不對

以下是引用likui在2005-7-14 22:03:00的发言:

这题讨论过,我觉得应该选D;这里it指代area;

in which 和in a distinct平行对称;

inflammatory response 和more localized response平行对称,且符合unlike的意思。

result in是短语啊,不能用并列来解释的.

这道题我也当初选了A.我认为A里面is more localized and resulting没有问题,因为is是助动词,只是一个是进行体助动词,一个是被动助动词,但是既然同时助动词那就应该能够省略.D里面which的指代确有alienx兄说的错误.

不是很清楚until后面用it has healed和it heals什么区别.但是感觉在宽泛的时间范围里还是用一般现在时比较好.


作者: aeoluseros    时间: 2009-3-3 20:10
以下是引用AlienX在2009-3-3 16:39:00的发言:
A中的"with widespread swelling and stiffness immobilizing the injured area until it heals" 可以看作非限制修cuts and sprains.
A中比較不好的是"is more localized and resulting":
- 第二個is不應該省, 因為is localized跟is resulting的兩個is工能上不一樣, 可是我不決定GMAC會否接受這種省略.
- 假設GMAC接受這種省略, 另一個問題是好像沒有必要用現在進行時態(is resulting)
個人傾向A, 因為在5個choices中A是相對比較好...

我觉得immobilizing和resulting对仗得挺好,都是强调一个过程

D的比较对象不好,而且"until it has healed"中it该是指 "cuts and sprains",单复数有错.只是句子更通顺一些.

这句话我强烈赞同,读起来的时候我看it第一个回首找先行词时就是cuts and sprains


[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-8 0:11:02编辑过]

作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 03:03
umm...aeoluseros兄說得是, 如果都是助動詞, 可以省.
可是在A中的第一個is不是助動因為localized是一個形容詞而不是一個(被)動詞

"不同工能的動詞不能省"的說法來自The Handbook of Good English:
Sometimes an omitted verb has the same form as a supplied verb but a different meaning. He is crazy already and quickly driving his wife crazy
may look fine – not only is the verb supplied in the first construction
but it is unchanged in form in the second construction.  However, the
omission of is in the second construction is at best questionable. In the first construction, is is a linking verb – He is crazy – but in the second construction, it is an auxiliary verb – He is driving.
The same word should not be forced to carry two different meanings, so
it should be repeated in the second construction. Occasionally the
multiple meanings of verbs are used deliberately for a humorous effect,
a device sometimes also called syllepsis but more precisely called
zeugma: He took his hat and his leave.


然, GMAC/ETS的grammar/usage用法不一定跟The Handbook of Good English的一致,
可是在沒有OG明確指出"不同工能的動詞*能*省"(or 有OG/Prep句子支持這個說法)之前,
我覺得只能相信其它有權威性的grammar/usage books...图片点击可在新窗口打开查看

儘管如此, 如果我考時候碰到這題, 我還是會choose A, 因為別的choices的錯誤是correctiveness的錯誤....
[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 7:33:11编辑过]

作者: aeoluseros    时间: 2009-3-4 09:31

umm...在语法上有分三种被动句:主要被动句、半被动句、假拟被动句,但只有第一种能被称为真正意 义上的被动语态。
区分的原则在于:所有的分词形容词都具有静态意义,而相应的动词通常没有静态意义。
我想后面用了resulting说明这是一个过程,所以localize也是一个贯穿整个过程的动态过程,一直局限着伤口使之不会widespread,故is localized应该可以被看做是一个agent不明的被动式。
同时也可以看做一个形容词表达静态含义:一直局限在一小块地方没有改变。
就像这个句子:
The man was offended.
offended解释为分词则强调动作的过程,如果解释为形容词则强调动作所产生的状态。

或有分析不当,open to discuss.


作者: 天蝎座1107    时间: 2009-3-4 10:32
标题: 又想了想,我认为这题选D
Unlike the body’s inflammatory response to cuts and sprains, with widespread swelling and stiffness immobilizing the injured area until it heals, the body’s response to sunburn is more localized and resulting in a distinct line dividing affected and unaffected areas of the skin.

A: with widespread swelling and stiffness immobilizing the injured area until it heals, the body’s response to sunburn is more localized and resulting

B: where the injured area is immobilized with widespread swelling and stiffness until it has healed, sunburn generates a more localized response in the body, which results instead

C: with the injured area immobilized by means of widespread swelling and stiffness until healing, sunburn generates a more localized response in the body, one resulting

D: in which widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area until it has healed, the body’s more localized response to sunburn results

E: in which widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area until healing, instead, the body’s more localized response to sunburn results

已解决。我认为选D。
[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 13:03:36编辑过]

作者: 天蝎座1107    时间: 2009-3-4 10:43
标题: 弄明白了
见18楼

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 11:40:04编辑过]

作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 11:04
umm...16樓的mm, which是不可能指代the injured area
2 reasons:
- which的指代的對象只有在which的前面, no exception so far in OG/Prep
- 如果which是指代the injured area, 那句子會變成in the injured area widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area.

作者: 天蝎座1107    时间: 2009-3-4 11:22
标题: 版主是我弄错啦
以下是引用AlienX在2009-3-4 11:04:00的发言:
umm...16樓的mm, which是不可能指代the injured area
2 reasons:
- which的指代的對象只有在which的前面, no exception so far in OG/Prep
- 如果which是指代the injured area, 那句子會變成in the injured area widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area.

版主是我弄错啦。我现在觉得which 是指cuts and sprains啦

版主,我认真又想了想,最终确定认为which是指inflammory response. 我觉得这个题的结构就是,unlike inflammory response, in which一个定语从句补充说明inflammory response是怎样的,the body's response是怎样的。我修改了我15楼的解释,请版主看看对不对?

主要我不选A和C还是因为这个with, 我又读了读句子,觉得如果用with独立主格结构,with都面的内容到底是说哪个response的?会让人误解为是说后面的the body's response啊,所以要改成in which强调清楚是说的前面inflammory response,因为后面widespread swelling and stiffiness明显是inflammory引起炎症的response的症状啊。

版主你不在线也可以回复吗?


[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 11:39:05编辑过]

作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 11:28
umm..."in that inflammatory response widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area"
"在response裡"意思不通...
however, one can say, "in response to something...."
所以which指inflammatory response會不對....
[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 11:27:59编辑过]

作者: 天蝎座1107    时间: 2009-3-4 11:41
标题: 版主我是这么理解的
以下是引用AlienX在2009-3-4 11:28:00的发言:
umm..."in that inflammatory response widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area"
"在response裡"意思不通...
however, one can say, "in response to something...."
所以which指inflammatory response會不對....

版主,我觉得这个in which 就是说 在这样的response中...而不是in response to的固定搭配

版主我重新解释了,你看对不对,就在15楼


[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 11:42:00编辑过]

作者: fighting127    时间: 2009-3-4 12:19

with widespread swelling and stiffness immobilizing the injured area until it heals, 放在中间诶 这么一个有歧义的位置难道没关系吗 前后都可以修饰 尽管从意思上说是修饰前面  这是我排除A的主要原因 我很无奈地认为这是考点...

另外is more localized and resulting我觉得还是有问题  这里2个is是不一样的 如果改成results要好些 而且没有表明他是正在result的含义

D中的more localized response其实更好的对称了

我同样认为which指代response  Unlike the body’s inflammatory response (to cuts and sprains)

倾向选D


[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 12:36:01编辑过]

作者: 天蝎座1107    时间: 2009-3-4 12:24
标题: 同意

with有歧义的位置,这个说的好。从意思上判断with后面内容是与inflammory response有关系的。

我折腾了好久。


作者: 天蝎座1107    时间: 2009-3-4 12:57
标题: 我服了这道题...

rt

看了AlienX版主楼下的回复,我发现我又没看清楚题...现在想要跳楼了...我都背下这道题了...

句子结构:Unlike the body's inflammory response to cuts and sprains, in which非限制性定语从句补充, 主语the body's localized response to sunburn...

如AlienX版主所说,确实没有逻辑意思上的错误,是我自己看到response把后面的to sunburn给看漏了...我要哭泣...


[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 14:15:31编辑过]

作者: fighting127    时间: 2009-3-4 13:02
有道理 没有注意这点 不管怎么样后面的范围更大
作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 13:31
隊長在, 先敬禮...=D
隊長說的省略問題跟我在13th的看法一致, 可是我沒有辦法証明那個rule是GMAC/ETS accept的...
with這個東東常會有修飾歧異的問題, 可是有時候我覺得它用得有歧異, 可是ETS老大說沒, 所以結果, 我每次做題都會把with的修飾歧異的問題留到最後才consider..
============================================================================
umm...如果which是指the body's inflammatory response, 那句子的其中一部分可以看成:
In that body's inflammatory response widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area.
可能我水平低....看不出任何合符邏輯的意思...
============================================================================
致於天蝎MM說的比較中的邏輯問題, 其實A沒有比較的邏輯問題, A的比不是the body’s inflammatory response跟the body’s response比而是兩種不同的response在比:
- response to cuts and sprains
- response to sunburn

作者: fighting127    时间: 2009-3-4 13:39

你水平低我就跳楼去

In that body's inflammatory response widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area在那个反应中肿胀和僵硬使得受伤的地方变的固定

the body’s inflammatory response to cuts and sprains
the body’s response to sunburn

天蝎MM的意思是前一个特别指出了是发炎反应 而后一个是统称 所有类型的反应

而the body’s localized response to sunburn等于是给了一个界定 比较更对称

不能一个类型的response和所有的response比 范围不同

继续搬凳子听讲 Alienx


作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 14:01
看來我要叫救護車then =D
=======================
如果In that body's inflammatory response widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area=在那个inflammatory反应中肿胀和僵硬使得受伤的地方变的固定
這樣的話, In that body's inflammatory response(在那个inflammatory反应中)變成了時間狀語...可是response是一個反應, 應該不能做時間狀語
=============================
Unlike the body's inflammatory response to cuts and sprains,...., the body's response to Z is more localized....
Unlike the body's inflammatory response to cuts and sprains,...., the body's more localized response to Z results.....
我是覺得inflammatory跟more localized沒什平衡的需要, **可是**body's response to cuts and sprains跟body's response to sunburn的範圍大小要比一下(widespread vs. more localized), 這就是句子想說的unlike之處...

作者: balabaladou7    时间: 2009-3-4 14:03
以下是引用aeoluseros在2009-3-3 20:10:00的发言:

这句话我强烈赞同,读起来的时候我看it第一个回首找先行词时就是cuts and sprains.

OG里面有一道题目就是说了“某个it可能会产生修饰一个复数名词的歧义”. (待我再找找那个题,怎么找也找不到了,前几天刚看到的.)就是从回读的时候让人有别扭的感觉.


那个题MS是OG 54、47,看看是不是。


作者: fighting127    时间: 2009-3-4 14:06
怎么会是时间状语呢 哪有in which只能=when?
作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 14:22
看到妳的中文翻譯 -- "在那个反应中", 我以為妳把它當時間狀語.
anyway, this time, I am not going to guess what in your mind =P
那妳認為"在那个反应中"這介詞短語是修什麼呢?
作者: fighting127    时间: 2009-3-4 14:28

in that response有错误吗?如果要说一定相当于什么 我觉得理解为where的意思也可以

我觉得他就是一个普通的定语从句 介词+which:In which
        widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area

我觉得现在有点绕了 要晕了


作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 14:28
balabaladou7 mm 說的是OG10#54 and OG10#47嗎?

作者: balabaladou7    时间: 2009-3-4 14:32

I go with D.

Aunlike比较的两个部分,不够平行。主句改变了句子本身要表达的逻辑含义。Is resulting 正在进行时态荒谬。With独立主格不能明确表达出immobilizing是发生在cuts and sprains这个地方的逻辑含义。

B. 比较对象不对等,把sunburnbody’s inflammatory response

C. 比较对象不对等,把sunburnbody’s inflammatory response

D. 完美的比较对象:the body’s inflammatory responsethe body’s more localized response比较,说明两种反应,一种是immobilize the injured area,另一种是results in a distinct line dividing affected and unaffected areasInflammatorylocalized工整比较。Immobilizeresults 动词对动词,逻辑含义没有问题。

E. instead的加入,造成和unlike…的语义重复。

open to discuss.


[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 14:59:00编辑过]

作者: balabaladou7    时间: 2009-3-4 14:32
以下是引用AlienX在2009-3-4 14:28:00的发言:
balabaladou7 mm 說的是OG10#54 and OG10#47嗎?

是的。


作者: balabaladou7    时间: 2009-3-4 14:39
以下是引用aeoluseros在2009-3-3 20:10:00的发言:

这句话我强烈赞同,读起来的时候我看it第一个回首找先行词时就是cuts and sprains.

OG里面有一道题目就是说了“某个it可能会产生修饰一个复数名词的歧义”. (待我再找找那个题,怎么找也找不到了,前几天刚看到的.)就是从回读的时候让人有别扭的感觉.


it一定是指the injured area,且不说这里只有这一个单数n,而且,判别指代,还是主要从逻辑上进行,如果一些限定的词已经很明显限定了这个就是在说某某,就不必纠结它在指代别的东西了。:)

我已找到那两个例子给你,但我觉得不是一个问题,那两个例子必须直接指代逻辑主语,那里,也就是句子主语。


作者: balabaladou7    时间: 2009-3-4 14:44
以下是引用fighting127在2009-3-4 14:28:00的发言:

in that response有错误吗?如果要说一定相当于什么 我觉得理解为where的意思也可以

我觉得他就是一个普通的定语从句 介词+which:In which
  widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area

我觉得现在有点绕了 要晕了

in which=where 状语修饰cuts and sprains
作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 15:03
我猜OG10對OG10#54D中it的指代解釋是因為句子的平衡結構:
...natural phenomena ... would appear ..., as it would to the person standing on the land.

至於OG10對OG10#47C中it的指代解釋是用了指代對應位置的規則:
Displays ... can heat the atmosphere ... that it affects the trajectories....
subject對subject...

作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 15:07
至於it的指代, 我覺得是指代the injured area.

作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 15:24
fighting, 如果是in which=where, 那好像有點怪 -- widespread swelling在response裡??

作者: fighting127    时间: 2009-3-4 15:41

AlienX 我现在觉得是不是就是in response的意思


作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 16:00
umm..."in response"的確有"in response(,)+句子"的用法.
可是它的意思是, "作出回應...", 而且這個用法要求, in跟response之間不能插入任何東西...

作者: fighting127    时间: 2009-3-4 16:05
in which=in response
[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 20:09:15编辑过]

作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 16:07
body's inflammatory response中的response是解"反應"
in response中的response是解"回應"
不同的東東....

作者: fighting127    时间: 2009-3-4 16:13

恩 和Ali讨论绝对要具备很强大的语法和心理素质...

我再捋一捋

Finally I was won over by this question

I think D is better than A , since in which can be interpreted as in the response. However, translating into Chinese would not work on.

One of the error in A remains the parallism that is the biggest mistake

I have nothing else to talk about this question....


[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 16:43:11编辑过]

作者: AlienX    时间: 2009-3-4 16:15
I take it as a compliment =.=||

作者: tiffany1102    时间: 2009-4-19 17:40

up...


作者: Allison55    时间: 2021-8-25 10:09
aeoluseros 发表于 2009-3-3 20:10
以下是引用AlienX在2009-3-3 16:39:00的发言:A中的"with widespread swelling and stiffness immobilizing ...

这个it是指the injured area吧




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