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标题: OG 16 SC#10关于比较结构、平行、倒装的疑问。 [打印本页]

作者: Monzki 时间: 2015-8-22 11:07
标题: OG 16 SC#10关于比较结构、平行、倒装的疑问。
10. A long-term study of some 1,000 physicians indicates that the more coffee these doctors drank, the more they had a likelihood of coronary disease.
(A) more they had a likelihood of coronary disease
(B) more was their likelihood of having coronary disease
(C) more they would have a likelihood to have coronary disease
(D) greater was their likelihood of having coronary disease
(E) greater was coronary disease likely
这道题的正确答案选D。但是小女子对这道题的结构还有一些疑问。先说说我的理解吧：
这道题的主干是The more……the greater……
在第一个TAG——the more后句子结构是doctors drank,动作drank是doctors发出的，也就是一个主谓结构；在第二个TAG——the greater后句子就是一个倒装结构了：was their likelihood。这样句子就不平行了。
接下来是我的疑问：
1. 首先是，the 比较级……+the 比较级……的结构下需要用平行结构吗？
2.如果要用平行结构的话，doctors drank和was their likelihood可以算作不完美平行吗？
3.the 比较级……+the 比较级……的结构什么时候用倒装？
求大神指点，也欢迎大家讨论、切磋。

作者: zbyloveinter 时间: 2015-8-23 05:54
看看大神怎么说，，，

作者: 1010805556 时间: 2015-8-23 22:46
首先， likelihood只能greater，因为根据句义，此题说的是得disease可能性会更大，而不是说会有更多的disease的可能性，比的是可能性大小；而修饰likely时， more likely to 是对的；其次由于比的是coffee，一个东西，因为these doctors drank 是修饰coffee的，所以后面的比较的对象也是一个东西，而不能是一个句子。

作者: Monzki 时间: 2015-8-24 21:27
在RON的视频中有看到关于平行结构中helping word的用法。情态动词在平行结构中可以放在主语前。
有以下几个例句：
I know more Shakespeare than my brother does. 正确
I know more Shakespeare than does my brother. 正确（情态动词在平行结构可放主语前）
所以这句话中答案 greater was their likelihood of having coronary disease和 greater their likelihood of having coronary disease was都是正确的。
哪在什么情况下一定要用倒装呢？出现就近修饰问题的时候。详见以下例句。
I know more Shakespeare than my brother, who has not studied British literature, does. Awkward！注意如果does的这个位置放行为动词，这个句子就是正确的。
I know more Shakespeare than my brother does, who has not studied British literature.错误（不能在名词与名词修饰语间加动词）
I know more Shakespeare than does my brother, who has not studied British literature.正确（如果名词后面有修饰语，应该把情态动词放在名词及修饰语前面）

作者: yxlrei 时间: 2015-8-25 05:31
我认为(D)并不是最优的形式，下面这个符合你提到的平行要求：

the more likely they are to have coronary disease

和许多其它题目一样，我们要找的是像(D)这样的“相对最优”答案。

Ron常说，Do NOT question the official answer.

作者: Monzki 时间: 2015-8-25 10:04

yxlrei 发表于 2015-8-25 05:31
我认为(D)并不是最优的形式，下面这个符合你提到的平行要求：

the more likely they are to have coronary ...

看一下！

作者: Vanilla_MY 时间: 2015-10-4 22:52

Monzki 发表于 2015-8-24 21:27
在RON的视频中有看到关于平行结构中helping word的用法。情态动词在平行结构中可以放在主语前。
有以下几个 ...

谢谢刚好在这里有疑问

作者: KILLJQB 时间: 2015-10-6 10:49
我觉得这道题在不太了解倒装啊，情态动词位置等语法点的时候，可以用排除法吧，
仔细读句子的意思，可以知道是得coronary disease这种病得可能性大，既然是得病就得有have 跟在coronary disease病前，否则就觉得怪怪的，比如E就直接干掉了，同理A也干掉了，同时A在形式上也和划线前的部分不平行，同理C也不平行，而且C在意思上十分冗余，剩下BD，唯一的split就是more 和grater，个人觉得语感上greater更加靠谱。
说实话，我觉得在考场上想不出这么多语法点，还是考意思做题比较靠谱

作者: Edgar_Chan 时间: 2015-11-5 16:40
我想问一下，A中为啥会理解成the research subjects had likelihood to a greater degree的？

作者: qingqing8982 时间: 2016-1-4 15:32

Edgar_Chan 发表于 2015-11-5 16:40
我想问一下，A中为啥会理解成the research subjects had likelihood to a greater degree的？ ...

同问求解答~

作者: 小馄饨claire 时间: 2016-6-29 08:56
求问，如果E中的likely变成了likelihood那是不是E就对了？

作者: shufenliu 时间: 2016-7-13 22:27
我觉得这里的倒装是optional的，例如：
The closer an object is to another object, the greater is the gravity between the two objects.
The closer an object is to another object, the greater the gravity is between the two objects.

所以这句话也可以写成： the more coffee these doctors drank, the greater likelihood was. 由于likelihood后面的修饰部分太长，所以将was倒装到前面来了。另外一个判断点就是likelihood只能用greater来形容，不能用more。

作者: 猪小王 时间: 2017-3-5 12:03

yxlrei 发表于 2015-8-25 05:31
我认为(D)并不是最优的形式，下面这个符合你提到的平行要求：

the more likely they are to have coronary ...

不太同意层主的解释。

我认为the more..., the more ...甚至所有的comparison句型，看重的是比较内容的平行。
OG对于选项B的解释特别好，告诉我们"more"的两种用法：
1. 作为adverb，indicates a greater degree or extent in phrases such as "more (adv.) likely (adv.)"
2. 作为adjective, indicates greater quantity in phrases such as "more (adj.) coffee (noun)"

鉴于1，即more作为副词，层主把句子改为the more likely they are to have ...这个改法比较的是more coffee和more likely，不但more的属性变了，coffee和likely也不平行。只是看上去似乎都用more而已。
而答案D才是比较上的平行：coffee (noun) vs. likelihood (noun), more (adj.) vs. greater (adj.)

所以，D无论在意思上还是结构上都是更好的选择。

如果有不同意见，欢迎讨论。

作者: 轩辕aa 时间: 2017-5-11 12:58
请问一下 their可以指代前面的 these doctors么

作者: physicslee 时间: 2017-7-14 11:36

Edgar_Chan 发表于 2015-11-5 16:40
我想问一下，A中为啥会理解成the research subjects had likelihood to a greater degree的？ ...

同问，在语义上A和D的区别？

作者: 瑞sherry 时间: 2017-8-4 17:59

猪小王发表于 2017-3-5 12:03
不太同意层主的解释。

我认为the more..., the more ...甚至所有的comparison句型，看重的是比较内容的 ...

完全同意你的解释。more做副词修饰likely，前面more coffee的more是much的比较级，是形容词，修饰coffee。

作者: gezi 时间: 2017-8-12 03:53
我个人的理解是，前半部分不是“ doctors drank” 而是 “coffee these doctors drank” 这样看来的话就是一句倒装句了。the more coffee these doctors drank 正过来应该是 these doctors drank more coffee'
而后一句 the greater was their likelihood of having coronary disease 正过来是 the likelihood of having ... was greater.
也就是说前后两句都是倒装句，语法结构上是平行的

作者: 黄苏打 时间: 2017-10-19 10:27

Monzki 发表于 2015-8-24 21:27
在RON的视频中有看到关于平行结构中helping word的用法。情态动词在平行结构中可以放在主语前。
有以下几个 ...

同意！

作者: 黄苏打 时间: 2017-10-19 10:28
其他地方看到的~觉得解释的很清楚~
A: the more coffee these doctors drank, the more they had
C: the more coffee these doctors drank, the more they would have
Here, these doctors drank is an ADJECTIVE serving to describe coffee.
What KIND of coffee?
coffee THESE DOCTORS DRANK.
Thus, coffee these doctors drank = NOUN + MODIFIER.
But each of the portions in red consists of SUBJECT + VERB.
Result:
NOUN + MODIFIER (coffee these doctors drank) and SUBJECT + VERB (the two portions in red) are not parallel.
Eliminate A and C.

B: the more was their likelihood
Here, more seems to refer to likelihood.
likelihood = probability = a NUMBER.
A number cannot be MORE.
A number can only be GREATER.
Eliminate B.

E: the greater was coronary disease
Here, greater seems to refer to coronary disease, implying that CORONARY DISEASE was GREATER.
Not the intended meaning.
The intended meaning is that the LIKELIHOOD of coronary disease was greater.
Eliminate E.

作者: formylife2020 时间: 2020-9-1 11:45

Monzki 发表于 2015-8-24 21:27
在RON的视频中有看到关于平行结构中helping word的用法。情态动词在平行结构中可以放在主语前。
有以下几个 ...

感谢！

作者: 瓶子叮咚响 时间: 2021-8-31 20:00
感谢分享！

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