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标题: Helr笔记中的疑惑求解 [打印本页]

作者: 芊层酥 时间: 2015-8-15 09:21
标题: Helr笔记中的疑惑求解
Guidebook writer: I have visited hotels throughout the country and have noticed that in
those built before 1930 the quality of the original carpentry work is generally superior to
that in hotels built afterward. Clearly carpenters working on hotels before 1930 typically
worked with more skill, care, and effort than carpenters who have worked on hotels built
subsequently.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the guidebook writer's argument?

按照Helr的意思，这个题中结论是“30年前的木产品质量更好”，而推出的原因是“30年前的工人技术什么的更好”。那么weaken的正确答案应该解释为什么30年前木产品质量更好。

答案：(D) The better the quality of original carpentry in a building, the less likely that building is
to fall into disuse and be demolished.

求问，这个怎么就解释30年前木产品质量更好了…………
附其他答案：
(A) The quality of original carpentry in hotels is generally far superior to the quality of
original carpentry in other structures, such as houses and stores.
(B) Hotels built since 1930 can generally accommodate more guests than those built
before 1930.
(C) The materials available to carpenters working before 1930 were not significantly
different in quality from the materials available to carpenters working after 1930.
(D) The better the quality of original carpentry in a building, the less likely that building is
to fall into disuse and be demolished.
(E) The average length of apprenticeship for carpenters has declined significantly since
1930.

作者: 芊层酥 时间: 2015-8-15 11:17
新问题：

Insect infestations in certain cotton-growing regions of the world have caused dramatic increases in the price of cotton on the world market. Knowing that cotton plants mature quickly, many soybean growers in Ortovia plan to cease growing soybeans, the price of which has long been stable, and to begin raising cotton instead, thereby taking advantage of the high price of cotton to increase their income significantly at least over the next several years.

Which of the following, if true, most calls into question the reasoning on which the plan is based?

A. The cost of raising soybeans has increased significantly over the past several years and is expected to continue to climb.
B. Tests of a newly developed, inexpensive pesticide have shown it to be both environmentally safe and effective against the insects that have infected cotton crops.
C. In the past several years there has been no sharp increase in the demand for cotton and for goods made out of cotton.
D. Many consumers consider cotton cloth a necessity rather than a luxury and would be willing to pay significantly higher prices for cotton goods than they currently pay.
E. The species of insect that has infested cotton plants has never been known to attack soybean plants.

Helr认为C错的原因在于，“因为棉花成本价格上涨，无论需求是否增加，都会增加棉花种植者的收入，所以该选项不会影响结论的可信度。”但是如果销量减少，即使棉花单价上升，总收入也不会提高啊。

作者: alzn2765 时间: 2015-8-15 11:37
A--->B的有效否定（否定正确也就等于削弱了）之一是B--->A
此题就是，不是因为1930年以前的carpenters手动好才留到现在，而是因为留到现在的都是手工好的（不好的都拆了）

作者: alzn2765 时间: 2015-8-15 11:46

芊层酥发表于 2015-8-15 11:17
新问题：

Insect infestations in certain cotton-growing regions of the world have caused dramatic in ...

C说no sharp increase in the demand for cotton and for goods made out of cotton，但是前提中已经说了Insect infestations in certain cotton-growing regions of the world have caused dramatic increases in the price of cotton on the world market.（注意前提不能是假的，也不能否定）

所以即使demand没有进一步的增长，但是棉花价格增长了，农民种棉花依旧赚钱啊！

作者: 芊层酥 时间: 2015-8-15 12:23

alzn2765 发表于 2015-8-15 11:46
C说no sharp increase in the demand for cotton and for goods made out of cotton，但是前提中已经说了 ...

可是如果卖不出去怎么办……………………

作者: alzn2765 时间: 2015-8-15 19:47

芊层酥发表于 2015-8-15 12:23
可是如果卖不出去怎么办……………………

做任何CR都不能有自己的二次推论，因为你的推论都是建立在假设之上。除非你的推论是选项描述的唯一必要条件，否则任何这种推论都是无效的。

你没有办法保证事情一定按照你“假设”的情况发生（因为其不是唯一必要条件），如果事情按照“都买出去了”发生呢？这个选项还能起到你希望的削弱作用了吗？

作者: 芊层酥 时间: 2015-8-18 20:44

alzn2765 发表于 2015-8-15 19:47
做任何CR都不能有自己的二次推论，因为你的推论都是建立在假设之上。除非你的推论是选项描述的唯一必要条 ...

唔…好的明白啦~~谢谢解答

作者: bb_rd 时间: 2015-8-21 10:18
“(D) The better the quality of original carpentry in a building, the less likely that building is
to fall into disuse and be demolished”
D选项给了结果：三十年前木质更好一个他因。
D选项的意思是：质量越好、越不可能被丢弃，而质量不好得都被丢弃了。所以，你现在可以看到的（让你得出三十年前木质更好这一结论的carpentry）都是质量好得，质量不好得已经被淘汰了。

作者: 火红色长毛狐狸 时间: 2016-7-2 10:28

芊层酥发表于 2015-8-15 11:17
新问题：

Insect infestations in certain cotton-growing regions of the world have caused dramatic in ...

原因在于引入新的时间变量。题中的时间是at least over the next several years，而C中In the past several years。这属于典型的时间不一致。

作者: meiyw 时间: 2016-11-16 12:32

芊层酥发表于 2015-8-18 20:44
唔…好的明白啦~~谢谢解答

我以为供求关系是一个常识，C说需求不增加，那么大家都种植，那么价格就会减少，又因为需求不变，收入就减少了。
而B，虽然虫子杀了，价格变低了，但是产量多了，销量也多了，收入不一定减少

作者: 吃的能坚持的 时间: 2017-8-4 09:26
我不知道我想的对不对，题目calls question to the reason，reason就是premise，前提是1害虫使棉花价格高2棉花成熟快3大豆价格低，B直接削弱了前提1，而C和前提没有关系

作者: 奥兰多铁杆球迷 时间: 2018-1-18 19:39
我觉得C选项没错，但是要看问题。问题问的是：Which of the following, if true, most calls into question the reasoning on which the plan is based?
这个plan是base在哪个基础上的呢

题干第一句说了：

Insect infestations in certain cotton-growing regions of the world have caused dramatic increases in the price of cotton on the world market.

所以只能选B

作者: ba1a糖儿 时间: 2018-4-5 09:26

alzn2765 发表于 2015-8-15 11:37
A--->B的有效否定（否定正确也就等于削弱了）之一是B--->A
此题就是，不是因为1930年以前的carpenters手动 ...

Mark一下！

作者: gmat7000000000 时间: 2020-8-7 13:22

alzn2765 发表于 2015-8-15 11:37
A--->B的有效否定（否定正确也就等于削弱了）之一是B--->A
此题就是，不是因为1930年以前的carpenters手动 ...

兄弟，感觉你在瞎说，我现在看到你的解答就害怕

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