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标题: [求助]og3-14/18 [打印本页]
作者: gigiga0118    时间: 2005-6-1 20:26
标题: [求助]og3-14/18
Federal efforts to aid minority businesses began in the


1960’s when the Small Business Administration (SBA)


began making federally guaranteed loans and govern-


ment-sponsored management and technical assistance


(5) available to minority business enterprises. While this


program enabled many minority entrepreneurs to


form new businesses, the results were disappointing,


since managerial inexperience, unfavorable locations,


and capital shortages led to high failure rates. Even 15


(10) years after the program was implemented, minority


business receipts were not quite two percent of the national


economy’s total receipts.


Recently federal policymakers have adopted an


approach intended to accelerate development of the


(15) minority business sector by moving away from directly


aiding small minority enterprises and toward supporting


larger, growth-oriented minority firms through interme-


diary companies. In this approach, large corporations


participate in the development of successful and stable


(20) minority businesses by making use of government-


sponsored venture capital. The capital is used by a


participating company to establish a Minority Enterprise


Small Business Investment Company or MESBIC. The


MESBIC then provides capital and guidance to minority


(25) businesses that have potential to become future suppliers


or customers of the sponsoring company.


MESBIC’s are the result of the belief that providing


established firms with easier access to relevant manage-


ment techniques and more job-specific experience, as


(30) well as substantial amounts of capital, gives those firms


a greater opportunity to develop sound business founda-


tions than does simply making general management


experience and small amounts of capital available.


Further, since potential markets for the minority busi-


(35) nesses already exist through the sponsoring companies,


the minority businesses face considerably less risk in


terms of location and market fluctuation. Following


early financial and operating problems, sponsoring


corporations began to capitalize MESBIC’s far above


(40) the legal minimum of $500,000 in order to generate


sufficient income and to sustain the quality of manage-


ment needed. MESBIC’c are now emerging as increas-


ingly important financing sources for minority enter-


prises.


(45) Ironically, MESBIC staffs, which usually consist of


Hispanic and Black professionals, tend to approach


investments in minority firms more pragmatically than


do many MESBIC directors, who are usually senior


managers from sponsoring corporations. The latter


(50) often still think mainly in terms of the “social responsi-


bility approach” and thus seem to prefer deals that are


riskier and less attractive than normal investment criteria


would warrant. Such differences in viewpoint have pro-


duced uneasiness among many minority staff members,


(55) who feel that minority entrepreneurs and businesses


should be judged by established business considerations.


These staff members believe their point of view is closer


to the original philosophy of MESBIC’s and they are


concerned that, unless a more prudent course is fol-


lowed, MESBIC directors may revert to policies likely


to re-create the disappointing results of the original SBA


approach.



13. Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?


(A) The use of MESBIC’s for aiding minority entrepreneurs seems to have greater potential for success than does the original SBA approach.


(B) There is a crucial difference in point of view between the staff and directors of some MESBIC’s.


(C) After initial problems with management and marketing, minority businesses have begun to expand at a steady rate.


(D) Minority entrepreneurs wishing to form new businesses now have several equally successful federal programs on which to rely.


(E) For the first time since 1960, large corporations are making significant contributions to the development of minority businesses.



14. According to the passage, the MESBIC approach differs from the SBA approach in that MESBIC’s


(A) seek federal contracts to provide marketsfor minority businesses


(B) encourage minority businesses to provide markets for other minority businesses


(C) attempt to maintain a specified rate of growth in the minority business sector


(D) rely on the participation of large corporations to finance minority businesses


(E) select minority businesses on the basis of their location



這題我不懂,因為原文中說明了金錢是由政府出的


而那些大公司只是組成一個投資公司,去資助少數中小公司


為什麼答案D中說的是"依靠大公司出資"呢???


In this approach, large corporations


participate in the development of successful and stable


(20) minority businesses by making use of government-


sponsored venture capital.




另外第18


18. The author’s primary objective in the passage is to


(A) disprove the view that federal efforts to aid minority businesses have been ineffective


(B) explain how federal efforts to aid minority businesses have changed since the 1960’s


(C) establish a direct link between the federal efforts to aid minority businesses made before the 1960’s and those made in the 1980’s


(D) analyze the basis for the belief that job-specific experience is more useful to minority businesses than is general management experience


(E) argue that the “social responsibility approach” to aiding minority businesses is superior to any other approach



我實在不懂這跟main idea的題型有什麼不同???


回答時要注意哪裡呢????


作者: ring_cheng    时间: 2005-6-1 22:51

发贴前可以看看这个：


OG 3


http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=25&ID=30792


http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=25&ID=11136

作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2005-6-2 08:39

对于楼主的第一问，先看看原文你列出的句意。In this approach, large corporations participate in the development of successful and stable minority businesses by making use of government-sponsored venture capital.这里，政府、大集团和族裔公司的关系是：大集团利用政府的资助性风险投资，去参与成功稳定的族裔公司发展。并有下一句The capital is used by a participating company to establish a Minority Enterprise Small Business Investment Company or MESBIC.这里MESBIC这类公司是利用上述风险投资而成立的。然后，The MESBIC then provides capital and guidance to minority businesses that have potential to become future suppliers or customers of the sponsoring company. 这一句反映了MESBIC和族裔公司、大集团的关系。


(A) seek federal contracts to provide marketsfor minority businesses是指直接寻求政府合同，与原文意思不同。
(D) rely on the participation of large corporations to finance minority businesses正是文中原意。


综上，我觉得，在平常练习中，要细致一些，搞清关系。要注意到这些我们所忽略的环节，我们不要把文章所反映的意思或关系简单化，而是把这些关系看清楚。


[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-2 8:39:22编辑过]
作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2005-6-2 08:46
对于18题，我认为这是一道强调“目的”的主题题。和“内容”型主题有点不同，强调对文章的目的理解。具体区别还需要在练习中进行区分。
作者: gigiga0118    时间: 2005-6-3 19:41

感謝wangyu73cn
實在太清楚了....


我深深認同你說的,題目作對與否很重要,搞懂文章關係更重要


我發現,og文章中有很多點都是要去思考,而不是單從字面上意義推出來



另外關於13題中心主旨題



13. Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?


(A) The use of MESBIC’s for aiding minority entrepreneurs seems to have greater potential for success than does the original SBA approach.


(B) There is a crucial difference in point of view between the staff and directors of some MESBIC’s.


(C) After initial problems with management and marketing, minority businesses have begun to expand at a steady rate.


(D) Minority entrepreneurs wishing to form new businesses now have several equally successful federal programs on which to rely.


(E) For the first time since 1960, large corporations are making significant contributions to the development of minority businesses.



與18題作者目的題


18. The author’s primary objective in the passage is to


(A) disprove the view that federal efforts to aid minority businesses have been ineffective


(B) explain how federal efforts to aid minority businesses have changed since the 1960’s


(C) establish a direct link between the federal efforts to aid minority businesses made before the 1960’s and those made in the 1980’s


(D) analyze the basis for the belief that job-specific experience is more useful to minority businesses than is general management experience


(E) argue that the “social responsibility approach” to aiding minority businesses is superior to any other approach


可否請nn解釋一下到底哪裡不同??


我當初再做的時候


一直覺得作者目的在點出最後一段的重要性


也就是說點出目前MESBIC所遇到的困境


由文中我以為作者是支持MESBIC staff的立場的


結果並不是~~~



作者目的題的正確答案與選項與最後一段無關~~~


(B) explain how federal efforts to aid minority businesses have changed since the 1960’s


我感受不出這個選項與main idea題型有什麼不同????



還請nn幫忙解答

作者: wangyu73cn    时间: 2005-6-4 11:37

同一文章中两道主题题可能差异不大。但从解释来看，13题central idea更倾向于表达作者的态度，而这种“态度是在全文多处出现"的，同时说明了“细节和延伸性内容不作为主题”的意思。18题objective倾向于表达文章的整体目的，说明了“文章中未表明的内容不可臆测”的意思。


我觉得，练习时，每个选项都要明白对错。而不仅仅停留在题目的类型方面。类型方面可能差异不大，但各选项的差异可能较大，如何判断各选项的正误差别是非常非常重要的。要像学习SC部分那样，将选项的错误、正确点搞清楚。





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