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标题: 讨论一道机经 [打印本页]

作者: greatvampire 时间: 2005-4-3 20:08
标题: 讨论一道机经

For many revisionist historians, Christopher Columbus has come to personify devastation and enslavement in the name of progress that has decimated native peoples of the Western Hemisphere.

A. devastation and enslavement in the name of progress that has decimated native peoples of the Western Hemisphere
B. devastation and enslavement in the name of progress by which native peoples of the Western Hemisphere decimated
C. devastating and enslaving in the name of progress those native peoples of the Western Hemisphere which in the name of progress are decimated.
D. devastating and enslaving those native peoples of the western Hemisphere which in the name of progress are decimated.
E. the devastation and enslavement in the name of progress that have decimated the native peoples of the Western Hemisphere.

看到这题的第一印象该选A 可是定神一看progress怎么能够杀人？
然后看看B的by which好像说得过去，但是这里的native peoples of the Western Hemisphere怎么都像是被杀，那么decimated前的were就不能省吧。
郁闷~如果我碰到这题，估计就选B了。

any comments?

作者: greatvampire 时间: 2005-4-3 20:35

用google找到了这么个句子

In the furious debate that has anticipated the anniversary, Columbus fans have been almost drowned out by the rising voices of more native Americans and others for whom he has come to personify devastation and enslavement in the name of progress.

有没有可能是说native peoples of the Western Hemisphere跑去大开杀戒呢？

作者: colacat 时间: 2005-4-3 21:02

b的最大问题是语态不对 by which明显应该是用被动语态,而不是主动语态

我认为A 的that修饰的不是progress,而是devastation and enslavement

作者: greatvampire 时间: 2005-4-3 21:09

谢谢colacat姐姐

但如果A中that修饰的是devastation and enslavement,应该用复数have才对啊

作者: colacat 时间: 2005-4-3 21:11

不会

因为它们都是抽象名词

只能用单数

作者: greatvampire 时间: 2005-4-3 21:17

哦~

那这里的that就跳跃修饰了啊
这种情况最郁闷了

但我还是无法理解progress怎么能杀人啊

作者: colacat 时间: 2005-4-3 21:25

progress没有杀人啊,that修饰devastation and enslavement是说这个奴役什么导致了那个土著的大部分人口的死亡.

in the name of progress 是状语,意思是打着(文明)进步的旗号

作者: greatvampire 时间: 2005-4-3 21:30

哦~好像彻底明白过来了！！

感谢colacat jj!!!

作者: colacat 时间: 2005-4-3 21:34

不客气

不用心急火燎吧,考试平静的心态最重要,加油

作者: x4444 时间: 2005-4-4 02:51
我选的是E，但是经colacat提到抽象名词 A AND B 谓语动词使用单数是否是条规律？不好意思，我找了一下没有找到相关的infor。

作者: greatvampire 时间: 2005-4-4 13:53

现在感觉是抽象名词A and B用单数 A中也存在着that指代不清的问题

然而E中 the A and B 觉得应该是用单数的

作者: autumn_leaves 时间: 2005-4-4 16:58

看了

选E

.一是逻辑上,

二是复数消除歧义

如果用WAS就有修饰前面紧跟词的嫌疑

作者: autumn_leaves 时间: 2005-4-4 17:11

刚看了讨论,cola说到抽象词单数...至少我没有看到有这样的规律吧...

这题如果是WAS有修饰progress,or, "devastation", or "enslavement", or (if cola is right), "devastation and enslavement" 的歧义,so whatever it seems weird to me...

WERE消除修饰progress的歧义.而指向前面两者

作者: colacat 时间: 2005-4-4 17:40

以下是引用autumn_leaves在2005-4-4 17:11:00的发言：

刚看了讨论,cola说到抽象词单数...至少我没有看到有这样的规律吧...

这题如果是WAS有修饰progress,or, "devastation", or "enslavement", or (if cola is right), "devastation and enslavement" 的歧义,so whatever it seems weird to me...

WERE消除修饰progress的歧义.而指向前面两者

en 我又查了查书

我错了,应该上复数

作者: greatvampire 时间: 2005-4-4 18:32
谢谢大家的讨论

作者: colacat 时间: 2005-4-4 21:38

vampire 我今天又看了看这个题目而且在grammer station上查了查,他们认定的正确答案是A 而不是E

E的错误在于应该用单数has,而不是have. 我也觉的,对于定冠词来说:

比如 the teacher and the mother 后面应该是复数

如果是 the teacher and mother 后面应该是单数,表明的是这个人,既是老师也是母亲

而且对于enslavement这种抽象名词,原则上来说是不应该加定冠词的.

我重新看了题目.觉得我昨天的理解有问题.that从句修饰的的确应该是progress

in the name of 本身有两个意思

Idioms:
in the name of

By the authority of: Open up in the name of the law!
For the reason of; using as a reason: grisly experiments performed in the name of science.

这道题目里,看来取的是第2个含义.

所以A表达的应该是哥伦布逐渐成为破坏和奴役的象征,因为(文明的)进步致使西半球的土著人口大部分的减少.

另贴decimate的解释,供你参考

decimate

To destroy or kill a large part of (a group).
Usage Problem.
1. To inflict great destruction or damage on: The fawns decimated my rose bushes.
2. To reduce markedly in amount: a profligate heir who decimated his trust fund.
To select by lot and kill one in every ten of.

Usage Note: Decimate originally referred to the killing of every tenth person, a punishment used in the Roman army for mutinous legions. Today this meaning is commonly extended to include the killing of any large proportion of a group. Sixty-six percent of the Usage Panel accepts this extension in the sentence The Jewish population of Germany was decimated by the war, even though it is common knowledge that the number of Jews killed was much greater than a tenth of the original population. However, when the meaning is further extended to include large-scale destruction other than killing, as in The supply of fresh produce was decimated by the nuclear accident at Chernobyl, only 26 percent of the Panel accepts the usage.

作者: autumn_leaves 时间: 2005-4-4 22:08

我其实也在困惑这个THE,用法觉得也有点问题,当时只是觉得这个错误比较轻..

如果DECIMATE施动者可以是PROGRESS,我觉得A肯定是最好的答案....

哪位NN能确认一下...

作者: autumn_leaves 时间: 2005-4-5 15:11

又想了一下,觉得devastation and enslavement 这种抽象名词本身作杀人的施动者也存在很大问题.见OG66

所以感觉应该是一个人,或一场运动来实施这个动作(虽然这里的PROGRESS也有点牵强,但也没办法了..).所以相对来说可能A反而更合适点..

况且E存在这个THE的干扰,又是一个错误,现在郑重同意选A

作者: greatvampire 时间: 2005-4-5 15:48

而且在grammer station上查了查,他们认定的正确答案是A 而不是E

是什么样的一个site啊？

同意这个意思哥伦布凭逐渐大批杀害西半球土著人而成为破坏和奴役的代表。

大家是怎么判断that修饰的对象的呢？我一般都认为是就近修饰，但是上次的讨论对跳跃修饰的问题又来了疑问。
因为如果是就近修饰那么A就不存在问题，如果不是的话还有修饰对象模糊的错误。
根据上面的讨论，我觉得大家并不是认为that是就近修饰的（尽管很长一段时间内我都认为这种that引出的限制性的定于从句只能就近修饰）。
我觉得如果这个问题无法解决，那么这个考点就不能成为排除错误选项的依据，反而会给自己带来混淆。痛苦啊！

作者: colacat 时间: 2005-4-5 15:51
www.grammarstation.com

作者: colacat 时间: 2005-4-5 15:56

that 就近修饰也可以,跳跃修饰也可以,判断的依据就是逻辑关系和单复数

我觉的这个问题可能主要在于DECIMATE 这个词,可能不是象kill那种的主观的动作那么明确

但是我不肯定.不过如果我选的话,我会选A

因为定冠词实际上是一个很大的考点,只是表症不是那么明显罢了.

作者: greatvampire 时间: 2005-4-5 16:01

嗯~

好滴我在passion的疑难机井中贴了这题

想看看GWD是怎么解答的

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