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标题: 请问GWD-9-Q9 to GWD-9-Q11的答案是什么？没有找到讨论 [打印本页]
作者: skyguard2000 时间: 2005-3-30 07:03
标题: 请问GWD-9-Q9 to GWD-9-Q11的答案是什么？没有找到讨论
GWD-9-Q9 to GWD-9-Q11:
Among the myths taken as
fact by the environmental managers
of most corporations is the
Line belief that environmental regula-
(5) tions affect all competitors in
a given industry uniformly. In
reality, regulatory costs—and
therefore compliance—fall
unevenly, economically disad-
(10) vantaging some companies and
benefiting others. For example,
a plant situated near a number
of larger noncompliant competitors
is less likely to attract the
(15) attention of local regulators than
is an isolated plant, and less
attention means lower costs.
Additionally, large plants can
spread compliance costs such
(20) as waste treatment across a
larger revenue base; on the other
hand, some smaller plants may
not even be subject to certain
provisions such as permit or
(25) reporting requirements by virtue
of their size. Finally, older production
technologies often
continue to generate toxic wastes
that were not regulated when the
(30 ) technology was first adopted.
New regulations have imposed
extensive compliance costs on
companies still using older
industrial coal-fired burners that
(35) generate high sulfur dioxide and
nitrogen oxide outputs, for
example, whereas new facilities
generally avoid processes that
would create such waste pro-
(40) ducts. By realizing that they
have discretion and that not all
industries are affected equally
by environmental regulation,
environmental managers can
(45) help their companies to achieve
a competitive edge by anticipating
regulatory pressure and
exploring all possibilities for
addressing how changing regula-
(50) tions will affect their companies
specifically.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GWD-9-Q9:
Which of the following hypothetical examples would best illustrate the
point the author makes in lines 40-51 (“By realizing … specifically.”)?
A. Believing its closest competitor is about to do the same, a plant
reduces its output of a toxic chemical at great cost in order to comply
with environmental regulations.
B. In the face of new environmental regulations, a plant maintains its
production methods and passes the costs of compliance on to its
customers.
C. A plant’s manager learns of a competitor’s methods of lowering
environmental compliance costs but is reluctant to implement those
methods.
D. Having learned of an upcoming environmental ban on a certain
chemical, a company designs its new plant to employ processes that
avoid use of that chemical.
E. A plant attempts to save money by refusing to comply with environmental laws.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GWD-9-Q10:
According to the passage, which of the following statements about sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs is true?
A. Older production technologies cannot be adapted so as to reduce production of these outputs as waste products.
B. Under the most recent environmental regulations, industrial plants are no longer permitted to produce these outputs.
C. Although these outputs are environmentally hazardous, some plants
still generate them as waste products despite the high compliance costs
they impose.
D. Many older plants have developed innovative technological processes
that reduce the amounts of these outputs generated as waste products.
E. Since the production processes that generate these outputs are less
costly than alternative processes, these less expensive processes are
sometimes adopted
despite their acknowledged environmental hazards.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GWD-9-Q11:
The passage suggests which of the following concerning the relationship
between the location of a plant and the compliance costs it faces?
A. A plant is less likely to face high compliance costs if it is
located near larger plants that are in violation of environmental
regulations.
B. An isolated plant is less likely to draw the attention of environmental regulators, resulting in lower compliance costs.
C. A large plant that is located near other large facilities will most probably be forced to pay high compliance costs.
D. A small plant that is located near a number of larger plants will be
forced to absorb some of its neighbors’ compliance costs.
E. A plant will often escape high compliance costs if it is located far away from environmental regulatory agencies.
我的答案是DBB，从网上下的流沙xd的是DAA，携隐mm的是DCA，到底答案是多少，后天就要考了，请朋友们帮忙！
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-3-30 7:19:19编辑过]
作者: skyguard2000 时间: 2005-3-30 07:14
贴了几次，怎么贴成这个样子了，如果斑竹有空，帮下忙吧，谢谢！
作者: wangyu73cn 时间: 2005-3-30 07:56
我想最标准的答案是没有的，标准答案应该必须依靠自己的认真分析把。
我觉得答案是DCA。
作者: wwwhahchn 时间: 2005-8-29 19:11
请问第9题为什么不能选C？？
作者: wangyu73cn 时间: 2005-8-30 14:45
GWD-9-Q9:
Which of the following hypothetical examples would best illustrate the point the author makes in lines 40-51 (“By realizing … specifically.”)?
类比题，要求找出和文中概括性的论述相类比的例子。首先从题目中提炼一下关键的环节。大致有以下几点，描述其条件，目的和手段，主要是说企业可以预先应变。By realizing that they have discretion and that not all industries are affected equally by environmental regulation, environmental managers can help their companies to achieve a competitive edge by anticipating regulatory pressure and exploring all possibilities for addressing how changing regulations will affect their companies specifically.
A. Believing its closest competitor is about to do the same, a plant reduces its output of a toxic chemical at great cost in order to comply with environmental regulations. 无关
B. In the face of new environmental regulations, a plant maintains its production methods and passes the costs of compliance on to its customers. 无关
C. A plant’s manager learns of a competitor’s methods of lowering environmental compliance costs but is reluctant to implement those methods. 反或无关，已知降低成本的方法但不采用，会使企业在竞争中落后。同时，此选项也未体现预先考虑环境规定的因素。
D. Having learned of an upcoming environmental ban on a certain chemical, a company designs its new plant to employ processes that avoid use of that chemical. 主动回避，预先应变，避免损失，可赢得竞争优势。
E. A plant attempts to save money by refusing to comply with environmental laws. 无关。
作者: wwwhahchn 时间: 2005-8-31 16:05
以下是引用wangyu73cn在2005-8-30 14:45:00的发言：GWD-9-Q9:
Which of the following hypothetical examples would best illustrate the point the author makes in lines 40-51 (“By realizing … specifically.”)?
类比题，要求找出和文中概括性的论述相类比的例子。首先从题目中提炼一下关键的环节。大致有以下几点，描述其条件，目的和手段，主要是说企业可以预先应变。By realizing that they have discretion and that not all industries are affected equally by environmental regulation, environmental managers can help their companies to achieve a competitive edge by anticipating regulatory pressure and exploring all possibilities for addressing how changing regulations will affect their companies specifically.
A. Believing its closest competitor is about to do the same, a plant reduces its output of a toxic chemical at great cost in order to comply with environmental regulations. 无关
B. In the face of new environmental regulations, a plant maintains its production methods and passes the costs of compliance on to its customers. 无关
C. A plant’s manager learns of a competitor’s methods of lowering environmental compliance costs but is reluctant to implement those methods. 反或无关，已知降低成本的方法但不采用，会使企业在竞争中落后。同时，此选项也未体现预先考虑环境规定的因素。
已知竞争对手的方法却不采用，说明要根据自己企业的特点来制定更符合企业本身的方法，正好与文中realizing that they have discretion and that not all industries are affected equally by environmental regulation以及addressing how changing regulations will affect their companies specifically相呼应，D没有提到企业的特殊性
请问我这样考虑为什么不对？？
D. Having learned of an upcoming environmental ban on a certain chemical, a company designs its new plant to employ processes that avoid use of that chemical. 主动回避，预先应变，避免损失，可赢得竞争优势。
E. A plant attempts to save money by refusing to comply with environmental laws. 无关。
谢谢wangyuGG了
作者: wwwhahchn 时间: 2005-9-1 22:18
顶
各位帮忙
作者: msrs 时间: 2005-9-2 00:22
我认为应该选D，
C中没有表明environmental managers 如何迫使公司改变自己的compliance
D中的having learned表明该公司已经得到了教训。暗指这个教训时来之与environmental managers ，在教训之后不得不改变
作者: wwwhahchn 时间: 2005-9-2 11:45
以下是引用msrs在2005-9-2 0:22:00的发言：我认为应该选D，
C中没有表明environmental managers 如何迫使公司改变自己的compliance
D中的having learned表明该公司已经得到了教训。暗指这个教训时来之与environmental managers ，在教训之后不得不改变
嗯，谢谢你，我明白了，C是我自己演绎的太多了
作者: fogwind 时间: 2008-5-6 20:55
以下是引用msrs在2005-9-2 0:22:00的发言：我认为应该选D，
C中没有表明environmental managers 如何迫使公司改变自己的compliance
D中的having learned表明该公司已经得到了教训。暗指这个教训时来之与environmental managers ，在教训之后不得不改变
个人认为应该选A，虽然众多资料都以“无关”排除。
此文通篇的主体是讲环境法规对不同的企业在不同的环境作用是不一样的。选项D并没有提及这点。而A举了个例子说明，根据不同情况和变化进行区别对待的策略。
A.Believing its closest competitor is about to do the same, a plant reduces its output of a toxic chemical at great cost in order to comply with environmental regulations.
D. Having learned of an upcoming environmental ban on a certain chemical, a company designs its new plant to employ processes that avoid use of that chemical.
作者: phenomena 时间: 2008-5-28 15:37
终于找到了和我同样观点的，LS，谢谢你给我勇气发帖
我的看法，
这片文章谈到了regulation，technology，cost的关系，以及manager的对策，
同时也指出了regulation不是factory采用新的环保技术的唯一原因，为此
举出了一些例子说明一些factory在有regulation的情况下依然采用old，不环保
的technology，并且指出他们这么做的动机是基于新技术要更多的投入。最后
总结说，（公司的）环境manager们可以通过预测regulation的压力（而不是regulation
本身）以及regulation对公司的影响，来帮助公司取得竞争优势。
然后9题问以下的例子哪个能够反映作者的阐述
A，投入大量成本降低有毒物排放以遵守regulation，因为最接近的竞争对手会这样做。（正确，考虑了regulation和对手遵守regulation带来的压力）
B, 为遵守regulation将成本转移给消费者；（如果对手不遵守regulation，又没有被惩罚的话，这样做降低了公司的竞争地位）
C, 想到办法却难以实施；（本文没有提到什么很难实施之类的）；
D, 了解到有新的ban要出台，提前改进process来适应ban；（确实是预测到regulation，但是不代表这个公司一定有这种pressure）
E, 无关
请NN们指点。
另外第十题两次我都选E，有没有人也愿意讨论一下呢
A, 旧的生产技术无法改进。（没有提到旧的无法改进）
C, 尽管排放物带来严重污染，plants依然不顾罚金依然生产；（文章前半部分讲了一堆plants不是非遵守regulation不可，然后再说有些plants不遵守的原因，宁可交罚金也要生产有害物的事，很突兀）
E，因为排放有害物的技术便宜，所以才被继续使用。（我觉得和文章的阐述很吻合啊）
请NN们指点。
作者: yunia 时间: 2008-5-31 23:18
关于第10题 我觉得不应该选E
因为文章说 for example,whereas new facilities generally avoid processes that would create such waste products .
是说避免了这样的生产过程.重点在避免
而不是"因为排放有害物的技术便宜，所以才被继续使用" 而这个讲的重点在继续使用.
自己原来选了C 后来再看，选了B 网上的答案是C
现在想想 C是正确的，不知道分析得对不对。
Ｂ中说到了 在新的规则下，工厂不再被允许使用会产出这些废气的产品。然而文中讲的是 会征收某种费用，并没有指出会禁止使用。
Ｃ中的解释 应该要看ｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙ． 它只说明企业一般情况下会避免这样的生产过程，并没有说一定会不生产，企业还是会生产的。
欢迎大家讨论.
自己原来选了C 后来再看，选了B 网上的答案是C
现在想想 C是正确的，不知道分析得对不对。
Ｂ中说到了 在新的规则下，工厂不再被允许使用会产出这些废气的产品。然而文中讲的是 会征收某种费用，并没有指出会禁止使用。
Ｃ中的解释 应该要看ｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙ． 它只说明企业一般情况下会避免这样的生产过程，并没有说一定会不生产，企业还是会生产的。
欢迎大家讨论.
作者: 阿本 时间: 2008-6-8 00:29
我同意phenomena对第9题的看法，我也认为第9题应该选A
这篇文章通篇都在讨论regulation的影响是不一样的，在文章的第一段还有这样一句话，"In reality, regulatory costs—and therefore compliance—fall unevenly, economically disadvantaging some companies and benefiting others. " 作者很明确的指出，regulatory costs对不同的企业是不一样的，有些企业甚至是受益的。正因为如此，environmental managers才需要去预测regulatory pressure，分析对企业可能造成的影响，从而决定采取何种对策。这种对策甚至可能是不采取任何措施。
答案A正是这种例子，由于认为竞争对手会采取同样的措施，所以自己也需要改进，否则就可能成为出头鸟。
而答案D中例子，仅仅是知道某条regulation就开始采取改进措施，完全没有考虑不同的regulation pressure。我认为这恰恰是跟文章的主体思路相反的，
至于第10题，我认为应该选C
答案C实际上只是把原文中的表述换了一个说法而已。原文举了这样一个例子，说“有些旧的生产技术会产生污染，在新的环保规定出台之后，对继续使用旧的技术的企业就造成了额外的成本，因为采用新技术的企业是不会产生污染的。”正因为存在这样一个事实，就是“尽管要承受很高的compliance costs，有些企业还是继续产生污染物”，原文中举的例子才有意义。至于那些企业这样做的原因，原文没有进行分析。
而答案E是进行了原因分析，认为是因为这些生产流程成本更低，所以才继续使用。其实答案E和答案A犯了同样的错误，就是用自己的背景知识和理解去推测原文中并没有表达的意思，也就是说选A和C的人是对原文进行了额外的演绎。
不知道我的意思表达清楚了没有，欢迎继续讨论。
作者: SuccessMBA08 时间: 2008-7-4 22:23
DDDDDDDDD
作者: louiswzy 时间: 2010-10-15 23:14
DCA正确
作者: doublena 时间: 2013-5-10 17:51
非常欣慰！第9题A选项站在全文的角度进行总结，并不是无关选项而是正确选项。
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