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标题: 不懂！OG 18-109黑人工会 [打印本页]
作者: ring_cheng    时间: 2005-3-23 10:36
标题: 不懂！OG 18-109黑人工会
When A. Philip Randolph assumed the leadership of the


Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, he began a ten-year


battle to win recognition from the Pullman Company, the


largest private employer of Black people in the United


(5) States and the company that controlled the railroad


industry’s sleeping car and parlor service. In 1935 the


Brotherhood became the first Black union recognized by a


major corporation. Randolph’s efforts in the battle helped


transform the attitude of Black workers toward unions and


(10) toward themselves as an identifiable group; eventually,


Randolph helped to weaken organized labor’s antagonism


toward Black workers.


In the Pullman contest Randolph faced formidable


obstacles. The first was Black workers’ understandable


( 15) skepticism toward unions, which had historically barred


Black workers from membership. An additional obstacle


was the union that Pullman itself had formed, which


weakened support among Black workers for an


independent entity.


(20)       The Brotherhood possessed a number of advantages,


however, including Randolph’s own tactical abilities. In


1928 he took the bold step of threatening a strike against


Pullman. Such a threat, on a national scale, under Black


leadership, helped replace the stereotype of the Black


(25)worker as servant with the image of the Black worker as


wage earner. In addition, the porters’ very isolation aided


the Brotherhood. Porters were scattered throughout the


country, sleeping in dormitories in Black communities;


their segregated life protected the union’s internal


(30) communications from interception. That the porters were a


homogeneous group working for a single employer with


single labor policy, thus sharing the same grievances from


city to city, also strengthened the Brotherhood and encour-


aged racial identity and solidarity as well. But it was only


(35) in the early 1930’s that federal legislation prohibiting a


company from maintaining its own unions with company


money eventually allowed the Brotherhood to become


recognized as the porters’ representative.


Not content with this triumph, Randolph brought the


(40)Brotherhood into the American Federation of Labor, where


it became the equal of the Federation’s 105 other unions.


He reasoned that as a member union, the Brotherhood


would be in a better position to exert pressure on member


unions that practiced race restrictions. Such restrictions


were eventually found unconstitutional in 1944.


109. The passage suggests which of the following about the response of porters to the Pullman Company’s own union?


(A) Few porters ever joined this union.


(B) Some porters supported this union before 1935.


(C) Porters, more than other Pullman employees, enthusiastically supported this union.


(D) The porters’ response was most positive after 1935.


(E) The porters’ response was unaffected by the general skepticism of Black workers concerning unions.


答案是B。但对OG的D的解释不明白："Choice D is incorrect: in fact the passage suggests that the porters' attitude was less positive after R's union achieved recognition in 1935."


文章中L34-38不是明确表示：But it was only in the early 1930’s that federal legislation prohibiting acompany from maintaining its own unions with company money eventually allowed the Brotherhood to become recognized as the porters’ representative.


三十年代初法令后就已经被工人所认可，为什么在1935年工人对工会的态度还是less positive???


请帮忙指点一下，谢谢！

作者: 而今迈步从头越    时间: 2005-3-23 20:31

MM请注意提干讲的是the response of porters to the Pullman Company’s own union, not the response to Brotherhood Union.所以D和文章内容相反！

个人建议：选项中看到only, most等词要注意一下，一般都不是正确选项（不是绝对）！文章没有讲过关于response most positive的时候，even 是less也不能得出most，只能得出more。这也是为啥only/most等往往不是答案的原因，因为需要原文有严密的推导证明这一点或者明确说明这个咚咚是most/only等等，这也是为啥文章only，most等词要注意的原因之一。

作者: ring_cheng    时间: 2005-3-23 21:56
谢谢！而今迈步从头越 MM说的不错。从An additional obstacle was the union that Pullman itself had formed, which weakened support among Black workers for an independent entity.

说明porters 对the Pullman Company’s own union support是被削弱的。但是OG的说明也表示：porter 对Randolph's union 的态度不positive："in fact the passage suggests that the porters' attitude was less positive after Randolph's union achieved recognition in 1935."

困惑于OG这个解释。还请帮忙！！

作者: joeysue    时间: 2005-4-2 00:45

in fact the passage suggests that the porters' attitude was less positive after Randolph's union achieved recognition in 1935."

它是说the porters' attitude to the Pullman Company’s own union was less postitive after Randolph's union

mm 可能看错了。  

作者: ring_cheng    时间: 2005-4-2 15:00

谢谢joeysue,  看来我是忘了把题目和解释结合起来了，明了！多谢！

作者: 思谦    时间: 2005-8-5 12:05

109.


The best answer is B. Lines 16-19 of the passage state that the existence of a Pullman-owned


union “weakened support among Black workers for an independent entity” such as Randolp’s


Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. Thus, the passage suggests that some porters did support the


Pullman Company union. Lines 16-19 directly contradict A, which implies virtually no support of


the Pullman company union. Choice C is incorrect because the passage does not suggest anything


about Pullman employees other than porters. Choice D is incorrect: in fact, the passage suggests


that the porters’ attitude was less positive after Randolph’s union achieved recognition in 1935.


Choice E is incorrect because the passage nowhere suggests that the general skepticism of Black


workers had no effect on their response to the Pullman Company’s union.



以上是og对109的解释，og提到的L16-19中没有porter呀，第三段中才出现porter的，如何解释呀？


像这种题该如何做呀？请提供点思路，谢谢！

作者: 思谦    时间: 2005-8-7 20:08

两天了，来个人帮帮忙呀。


阅读真的作的很郁闷，没什么提高呀，急死了。

作者: 思谦    时间: 2005-8-8 22:28
无奈呀
作者: 思谦    时间: 2005-8-10 17:59

109.



The best answer is B. Lines 16-19 of the passage state that the existence of a Pullman-owned



union “weakened support among Black workers for an independent entity” such as Randolp’s



Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. Thus, the passage suggests that some porters did support the



Pullman Company union. Lines 16-19 directly contradict A, which implies virtually no support of



the Pullman company union. Choice C is incorrect because the passage does not suggest anything



about Pullman employees other than porters. Choice D is incorrect: in fact, the passage suggests



that the porters’ attitude was less positive after Randolph’s union achieved recognition in 1935.



Choice E is incorrect because the passage nowhere suggests that the general skepticism of Black



workers had no effect on their response to the Pullman Company’s union.



以上是og对109的解释，og提到的L16-19中没有porter呀，第三段中才出现porter的，如何解释呀？


像这种题该如何做呀？请提供点思路，谢谢！

作者: 挥舞翅膀的女孩    时间: 2005-10-25 23:52
我想，16-19行的意思是，另一个困难是，P公司自己建立的工会削弱了黑人工人对一个独立工会的支持。这就说明在1935年前，P公司自己的工会有影响力。所以得出答案B
作者: baobaob    时间: 2006-3-10 08:13
以下是引用思谦在2005-8-10 17:59:00的发言：

109.



The best answer is B. Lines 16-19 of the passage state that the existence of a Pullman-owned



union “weakened support among Black workers for an independent entity” such as Randolp’s



Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. Thus, the passage suggests that some porters did support the



Pullman Company union. Lines 16-19 directly contradict A, which implies virtually no support of



the Pullman company union. Choice C is incorrect because the passage does not suggest anything



about Pullman employees other than porters. Choice D is incorrect: in fact, the passage suggests



that the porters’ attitude was less positive after Randolph’s union achieved recognition in 1935.



Choice E is incorrect because the passage nowhere suggests that the general skepticism of Black



workers had no effect on their response to the Pullman Company’s union.



以上是og对109的解释，og提到的L16-19中没有porter呀，第三段中才出现porter的，如何解释呀？


像这种题该如何做呀？请提供点思路，谢谢！


ports可以理解成就是指的black workers,因为Brotherhood就是一个代表porters的工会，而且这个工会基本是black workers。这是我的理解，不对请指正

作者: roric    时间: 2006-7-21 23:19

受楼上同学的启发，认为这样解释是对的

另外，文章并不是在第三段才出现porters的：

“When A. Philip Randolph assumed the leadership of the

Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, he began a ten-year

battle to win recognition from the Pullman Company”

 

这是文中第一句话, 虽然是一个公司的名字，但却不会使其在后面作为“员工”的意思的出现时而感觉突兀，可以看出文章一直在把porters和black等同起来.

真是晕死掉读了n遍才发现两个公司都有自己的union，主人公R建立一个独立的union与另一个大公司作斗争，大公司也有自己的union，本是原句说了的，愣是没读出来，而且把109的问题当作主人公的union了，真是瓜啊

作者: mariewoo    时间: 2006-7-24 01:21
恩，109是绕，我是上来看大家的贴才反应过来的
作者: cw_chan    时间: 2008-5-20 14:40

An additional obstacle was the union that Pullman itself had formed, which
        weakened support among Black workers for an independent entity.

1) Which 定义从句修饰union 吗？

2）which前, 后要加and 吗？

谢谢。

作者: tankobe    时间: 2009-12-18 00:20

受楼上同学的启发，认为这样解释是对的



另外，文章并不是在第三段才出现porters的：

“When A. Philip Randolph assumed the leadership of the

Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, he began a ten-year

battle to win recognition from the Pullman Company”



这是文中第一句话, 虽然是一个公司的名字，但却不会使其在后面作为“员工”的意思的出现时而感觉突兀，可以看出文章一直在把porters和black等同起来.





真是晕死掉读了n遍才发现两个公司都有自己的union，主人公R建立一个独立的union与另一个大公司作斗争，大公司也有自己的union，本是原句说了的，愣是没读出来，而且把109的问题当作主人公的union了，真是瓜啊
-- by 会员 roric (2006/7/21 23:19:00)



Brotherhood不是一个公司吧，好像也是一个工会--XX黑人兄弟会。与P公司原有的union是一个性质的。第一次看到Brotherhood XX的东西，也完全蒙了，不知道是个啥玩意....



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