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AgendaChen

内容：黑糖话梅糖 编辑：Agenda Chen

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Part I: Speaker

Explaining Silicon Valley`s Success

Source: Stanford Entrepreneurship Corner
https://hbr.org/2014/12/explaining-silicon-valleys-success

[Rephrase 1, 14:31]

AgendaChen

Part II: Speed

Morale: a moving target
by Duane Dike  |  08 Dec 2014

[Time2]
I can’t count the number of times I’ve heard people complain that “morale just isn’t what it used to be.” Pretty sad sentiment, but is it really possible that morale can get worse year after year? It reminds me of the story of grandma and her famous cookies: Grandma baked cookies with her special hand-me-down recipe for the grandkids for over 20 years, but with each batch she’d proclaim, “This batch isn’t as good as the last.” Well gee, grandma, after 20 years of steadily declining cookie quality, these things could kill me.

The reality, in either case, is that the conditions probably didn’t change all that much. Grandma’s cookies are most likely the same now as they were 20 years ago. Instead, it’s the expectation of the environmental conditions that changed. We humans bore easily. A sociological truism at the workplace: what is radical today is taken for granted tomorrow. What we think we know about morale is probably wrong, especially the black and white comparative that morale is either good or bad. Like most human feelings, morale is a moving target.

A Modern-Day Review: Morale
I love reading ancient leadership literature. (Ancient being anything written before 1939. Sorry, granny, don’t mean to suggest you’re ancient. And, to those of you who scoff at my more modern review of things like leadership and morale, I don’t mean to ignore the really ancient literature, but I can only cover so much in 1,000 words.)

Pre-WWII, morale was studied independently of other factors like productivity, workmanship, and turnover. A 1941 discourse on morale referred to it as a ‘deep-seated control of the energy that goes into action’. Heavy stuff (although I’m not really sure what it means).
[286 words]

[Time 3]
After the war, the need to understand what morale really was in the context of the workplace skyrocketed as ex-military personnel flooded factories in often less-than-stimulating assembly line jobs. Research methods became more sophisticated and the subject of morale was no longer discussed in relationship vacuums but explored in context of other factors, such as feelings of well-being, satisfaction, empowerment and freedom of thought.

What seems like second nature today was germinal then: that good morale correlates to positive results, physical and emotional well-being, and productive social relationships; bad morale correlates to reduced job effort, commitment and satisfaction, increased absenteeism and higher turnover. In reality, of course, workplace mood shifts back and forth between good and bad.

Morale and Productivity
Shortly after the war, when researches began to discover that bad morale was bad for business and good morale was good for business, they began testing ways to improve morale. The drivers of what we call good morale were thought to be working conditions like empowered workplaces, fair and ethical policies and, most importantly, supportive boss behavior. Leaders changed workplace conditions to push the power of group success and individual and group satisfaction.

Digging a little deeper, as morale changed from a subject matter all by itself to something more integrated with other factors, researchers broke it down to base categories of things like job demands, working conditions, communication, benefits, security, inter-personal relationships, confidence in leadership, and opportunity for growth. When morale is good, employees are predisposed to support each other and common goals.
[254 words]

[Time 4]
Maintaining Good Morale
What does all this mean for employees? Defining what morale is and isn’t and its relationship to other factors is all fine and dandy, but definitions alone add nothing concrete about keeping moods on the positive side of the happiness graph. After all, as we learned earlier, grandma’s cookies are apparently never as good as the last batch.

What’s going on with the never ending battle for good morale is a human predisposition to study the negative. We look for things that aren’t working. We don’t see the 25 beautiful rose bushes in the yard. Instead, our minds focus on the one dead plant. Instead of focusing on what makes bad, bad, we should spend more effort discovering how good becomes good and aim to spread that knowledge elsewhere. Spend time with the exceptional employees, learning what makes them tick and see if anything you learn can be spread to others. Help them develop their talents so others may see.

Boss Behavior: A Mantra
Now, I return to my mantra, all this talk about morale boils down to one primary factor: boss behavior. Boss behavior is what establishes culture, and the best cultures for morale are friendly, supportive, collaborative and fun. Bosses need to test common knowledge, to try new things, and to look at the workplace from their employees' frames of reference. They need to walk the floors, to hang where the people hang, to envision the world from worker perspectives.
Sorry, there’s no such thing as ‘X easy steps to effective leadership’. Leadership is an endless analysis of the constant ebb and flow of the emotional and social signals of co-workers and employees. Listen to the real messages coming from the ranks to keep those cookies as fresh and tasty as ever.

“Morale and attitude and fundamentals to success.” [Bud Wilkinson, coach and broadcaster].
[309 words]

Source: Management Issues
http://www.management-issues.com/opinion/6989/morale-a-moving-target/

Go With Your Gut: How to Use Your Intuition to Succeed in Business
by Lewis Howes | 15 Dec 2014


[Time 5]
Steve Jobs called intuition “more powerful than intellect.” Albert Einstein called it the sacred gift. Some of the most important partnerships, products and theories are born from the instinctive feeling of intuition.

The more you exercise this sixth sense that’s available to each of us, the more successful you will become. You can avert catastrophes before they arise and increase your effectiveness.

There are many signs that your intuition is talking to you. In any given situation, you can experience nagging thoughts and feelings of suspicion, anxiety, doubt, curiosity or wonder. Your body has signals like goose bumps for inspiration or a churning stomach when something is off.

The biggest indicator of an intuitive person is that they listen to and heed the signs his or her intuition is giving. Intuition is what sets apart the brilliant from the average.

Here are five ways you can cultivate your intuition:

1. Follow your vision.
Your vision is the essence of your legacy, your “why” and your purpose. When you craft a meaningful and encompassing vision for your life, your business and your world, you can use it as a map for years to come.

If you use it, your vision will show you what is in alignment in your life and what is not. Visualize the outcome of your actions.

2. Be mindful.
When you are mindful, you hear and listen to your intuition better because you are aware of your body's signals and you act quicker. Rather than thinking about what is next or what happened yesterday, you can be in the now, which is much more effective.

The more you are in the moment and present, the more time you will have. Meditation is an extension of mindfulness. It clears your mind of clutter and enables you to hear the small voice of your intuition.
[306 words]

[Time 6]
3. Trust your gut.
Donald Trump admits, "I've built a multi-billion empire by using my intuition."

Before my dad left for a three-week trip to New Zealand in 2005, I asked him not to go. I didn't know why, but something just didn't feel right about it.  My sister Heidi had a hunch, too. It turned out that my father was in a near-fatal car accident that left him with severe brain injuries. We didn't know then just how accurate our intuition about his tragic trip was.

Now, if a business or life decision doesn’t feel right, I trust my gut.

4. Pay attention to your dreams.
Our subconscious (or soul, if you will) is often the voice of our truest and highest self. It speaks to us in dreams with symbols. You can even ask your dreams for answers to specific questions and keep pen and paper by your bed to record what comes.

At night our dreams show us important clues. Harriet Tubman relied on her dreams to lead 300 slaves to safety.  Einstein dreamed many of his theories. By tuning into your dreams and learning to interpret your personal symbols and emotions, you will also become more intuitive.

5. Tune in to synchronicity.
Listen to the cues your body gives you. Is there a burning sensation in your chest? Do you have butterflies in your stomach? Goose bumps? Did you see the same book title three times in a row? What is the song on the radio saying to you? Maybe you watched a movie and the main character seems to be speaking directly to your life.

There is a whole thread of messages and activity going on in the world just beneath the surface.  If you tune into the little details, you may just find your way to answers you never expected.

If you’ve never put much stock in the power of intuition, you’ll be in for a pleasant surprise when you start to pay attention. Things that used to seem elusive will start to present themselves as opportunities. You’ll be able to make quick decisions that you don’t second guess. You’ll gain confidence and peace of mind.
[362 words]

Source: Entrepreneur
http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/240837

AgendaChen

Part III: Obstacle

Climate diplomacy
Keeping the show on the road
Better than nothing, but much more to do

[Paraphrase 7]
MANUEL PULGAR VIDAL, Peru's environment minister (pictured right) and the host of this year's UN climate talks, had confidently predicted that negotiations would wrap up on schedule at 6.00pm on December 12th with a pisco sour, the country's national cocktail. In the event, it was coffee that the sleepless delegates consumed as the talks in Lima ran on for another day and a half. At last, in the early hours of December 14th, negotiators from 190 countries agreed a four-page text of decisions. While much less than climate activists wanted, it is enough to keep hopes alive that the world will agree a new climate treaty at the next summit in Paris in a year's time. But the haggling in Lima shows just how difficult that will be.

Scientists believe that a rise in global temperatures of more than 2°C compared to pre-industrial levels risks triggering catastrophic climate change. To try to prevent that, all parties to the UN negotiations have agreed to curb their emissions of greenhouse gases as well as to step up efforts to help vulnerable populations adapt to the impact of climate change. The Lima accord sets out the rules under which countries must make, before the Paris meeting, their "intended nationally determined contributions" (INDCs) to this effort.

The UN convention recognises "common but differentiated responsibilities" between developed countries, which created the stock of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and developing nations which suffer some of the worst consequences of climate change. One of the big arguments in Lima was what that formula should mean. Many developing countries, especially small-island states and in Africa, argued that their contribution should be limited to "adaptation"; they wanted the loss and damage they suffer from climate change to be explicitly recognised, and they wanted a beefed-up promise of aid money from rich countries written into the text.

Others argued that the world has changed since the Kyoto Protocol, the last climate treaty, which committed only developed countries to emissions cuts. As John Kerry, America's Secretary of State, pointed out in a passionate speech at the summit, developing nations now account for more than half of total emissions. The joint declaration last month in Beijing in which America pledged to cut its emissions from 2005 levels by up to 28% by 2025 and China said its emissions would peak around 2030 seemed to herald a more inclusive spirit. And the commitment of Barack Obama’s administration to emissions cuts ("We get it," said Mr Kerry) meant that coal-championing Australia has replaced America as the chief villain in the eyes of activists.

As finally agreed, the Lima document offers something to everyone. It calls for a balance between commitments to emissions cuts and adaptation. In the course of the summit, donations to the Green Climate Fund, set up to help poor countries, reached $10.2 billion; that is still well short of a promise of $100 billion a year in climate finance by 2020, but it may leverage private money. The blurring of the rich v poor divide saw a group of Latin American countries (Peru, Colombia, Mexico and others) announce donations to the Green Climate Fund and call for all countries to curb emissions.

A second tension in Lima also pitted developing countries against each other. China, Saudi Arabia and others worked to water down a call for INDCs to be transparent and independently verified—a demand supported by many poorer countries. The final text says that countries "may" (rather than "shall") provide detailed information and a timeframe for their emissions cuts. Optimists think that peer pressure will oblige countries to be as open and ambitious as possible in their INDCs.

One surprise in Lima was an agreement to insert into the draft text of the new treaty a commitment to reach zero emissions of carbon (net of storage or absorption) by 2050. If maintained, that would give a clear signal to business that it must work towards a low-carbon economy. It would also demand a ratcheting-up of commitments in the coming decades.

The dilutions and fudges in the Lima accord dismayed some NGOs and activist groups. Other experienced observers took heart from the outcome. "A global climate agreement is now within reach," said Jennifer Morgan of World Resources Institute, a Washington-based group. But to get there, the Lima accord suggests, much hard work lies ahead over the next year.
[728 words]

Source: Economist
http://www.economist.com/news/international/21636452-better-nothing-much-more-do-keeping-show-road

吐槽猪

time2. 2:15.66
People always complain that goods is not as good as that in previous year,so is morale.But maybe the wrong explaination
about morale misleads us.Most people regard morale as moving targets.
time3 2:52.14
The context of morale has changed .And morale is not a independent subject but a intergrated with other factor,increasing
our productivity.
time4 1:47.26
How to keep good morale?
employerearn from exceptional colleage and do not focus on the bad thing.
boss:keep friendly connection and relationship with employers and oftne listen their thoughts .
time5 2:07.21
Intuition is very important to your entership.How to cultivate your intuition?
1.have your vision:have a vision for your future and visualize the consequence of it
2.live in the moment :don not think about yesterday and futrue,just hold on the moment.
time6 2:12.43
1.follow your gut
2.pay attention to your dream:when you have some ideas when you are in bed or doing sth else.
3.tune into little details.
if you heed for your intuition,you will find sth pleasant and surprising.
gut 直觉
time7 6:25.26
A meeting about environment was set up at Lima.Though the final agreement doesnot reach our expection,it has got a
large improvment.Three topic are discussed on the meeting:
Developing countries,particular small islands suffer from the effect of pollution caused by developed countrieds.
Developeing countries demand the transparancy of ICDS
Developed countries say the situation has changed and developing countries  cause more pollution.

gnxsxm

01:48
01:48
02:11
01:27
03:39

aviva9393

2. 1'59  Morale doesn't change, but the conditions and evironment have changed.Then a person will think that the morale gets worse year after year.

3. 2'07  The good morale is good for business and the bad morale is bad for business. The researchers are finding ways to improve morale. They list some factors that can affect morale.

4.2'01 people always pay their attention on the bad aspects instead of the good aspects. The boss behavior is very important to establish cultures and make employees find good things, however, leadership is not easy to be effective.

5.1'46 The intuition is an important factor to set apart the brilliant from the average. There are five ways to cultivate your intuition.

6.2'15 This part presents another 3 ways to cultivate innovation and a conclusion to indicate the fancy part of the intuition.

7.4'23 An agreement about the climate change was finally made. However, there were a lot of difficulties in the process to have made these decisions.

cherry6891

[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]46-05[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]Time2-4
[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]Why we feel moral is getting worse and worse? Because moral is a changing target and we expect too much.The example of grandma's cookie.
[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]What is the relationship of moral and work performance? Bad moral lead to decreased job effect,commitment and satisfaction,increased absenteeism and high turnover.
[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]How to increase the good moral?
[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]Time5-6
[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]Some elites like Jobs and E think that intuition is a scared gift to their life.
[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]How could we get the signs of institution and how to cultivate the institutions ?
[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]Obstacle
[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]UN climate talk made a four pages agreement which is less than the environment activists expected. The haggling during the meeting show how difficult to make that.
[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]UN convention recognized "common but differentiated responsibilities" between developed countries and developing countries.
[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]Some argued that things changed after the K protocols,which only developed countries cut the emissions.
[color=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.701961)]L tried to pit the developing countries. While China and S work together to ask for a transparent INDS.

cyndichiang

Speaker
The author of Original Advantages wrote about Slicon Valley and she felt opimistic about its future
Slicon Valley is growing despite realistic restraints. She is surprised about the skills of people in Silicon Valley
Information is transmitted quickly among the world, which contributes to the growth of silicon valley

Obstacle 4'31''
Negotiators in this year's UN climate meeting reached an agreement.
Climate contributions are committed by not only developed countries,but also developling countires.
Developing countries urged developed countires to uncover the details and timeframe about the emission cut
This agreement will eventually come into being and business should pay more attention on low-C economy

SR322

T2: 2'14''
T3: 1'50''
T4: 2'09''
T5 Obstacle: 3'47''

HaiqingYU

Thanks for sharing!
[Time 2]01:55
Pl feel morale is deteriorating, it's probably because that morale is a moving target.
[Time 3]01:57
Then morale is studied with multi-factors.
Morale is linked with productivity, so company focuses on improving the morale.
[Time 4]02:06
To improve the company morale, it should make the right  definition, and try to spread the right thing.
Boss behavior is important in company morale.
[Time 5]01:34
If correctly used, the intuition can bring u better than average.
5 ways to use your intuition.
[Obstacle]03:51
The climate meeting in Peru: to make progress is difficult, but still it's better than nothing.
- discussion between emission cut of developed countries and adaption of developing countries
- transparency about emission progress is demanded.
- surprise: 0 emission by 2050