【Native Speaker每日综合训练—42系列】【42-12】经管

吐吐yeah

内容：小蘑菇开始打怪  编辑：吐吐yeah

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Part I: Speaker

Why Jewelry Stores Hide The Price Tags
September 22, 2014 3:28 AM ET

Source: NPR
http://www.npr.org/blogs/money/2014/09/22/349873785/why-jewelry-stores-hide-the-price-tags

[Rephrase 1, 4:45]

吐吐yeah

Part II: Speed

What happens to your email account after you die?
by Yahoo Finance | September 19, 2014

[Time 2]
We log into our email, social media and bank accounts, perhaps dozens of times a day, without thinking about how effortlessly we manage our lives online. But have you ever thought about what happens to these accounts when you die?

Donna Johnson, 43, and her family found out how frustrating it can be to gain access to a loved one’s digital accounts when her father, Ray Johnson, passed away unexpectedly in January 2010. Not having the password to her father’s email account turned an already difficult time into a financial nightmare. Her mother, Claudia Johnson, 67, tried to guess the password to her husband’s email, without any luck, and the company wouldn’t reset the password or grant her access, saying their user agreement terminated upon the account holder’s death.

“When my mother was trying to contact [the email provider] and informed them, unfortunately that her husband had passed away, they gave their condolences and let her know that they would disable the account,” says Johnson.

Her father had signed up for online bill pay for everything from the electricity bill to the car insurance and mortgage, but the monthly payments were not being automatically deducted from the checking account. Without access to his email, late payments piled up.

Her mother even got a foreclosure notice on her home and a warning that her car insurance would be canceled because payment was past due. It took many stressful phone calls to resolve the situation, and it had a lasting impact on her credit.

“Six months down the road, when she went to try and refinance the house so she could make things a little bit more simple for herself, she found out that her credit had taken a hit because of late payments that she wasn’t aware of because she wasn’t getting the bills in a timely fashion. They were still going to my father’s email,” says Johnson.

Her mother needed to wait a full year to allow those late payments to be removed from her credit report before she was finally able to refinance the house.
[346 words]

[Time 3]
Law catches up with technology
In August, Delaware became the first state to pass a comprehensive law that treats digital assets the same as physical assets when someone dies or becomes incapacitated.

Johnson, a Delaware resident, helped bring the issue to the attention of Rep. Darryl Scott, who sponsored the bill and drafted it with assistance from the Uniform Law Commission. She even shared her story before the House Telecommunications Committee in the Delaware General Assembly in June to help state politicians understand the personal side of very technical legislation.

“It wasn’t too long ago that most of the assets we’re talking about were stored in a filing cabinet in the office, at home, or in a shoebox in the closet, in a photo album, or in a safety deposit box,” Rep. Scott tells Yahoo Finance. “And our laws just haven’t kept up to date with the times, and that’s what the bill seeks to do.”

The Delaware law grants access to a person's digital account to a legal beneficiary, the same way it does with the rest of an estate when someone passes aware. This means an email or social media company is required to treat the legal representative of the estate the same as would have treated the account holder during his or her life. The company must provide the information necessary to access the accounts, including the username and password.

The law is slow to catch up with technology. Aside from Delaware, only six other states, Connecticut (email only), Rhode Island (email only), Virginia (digital assets of minors only), Indiana, Oklahoma and Idaho, now have laws concerning digital assets after death. Currently in most other states, a court order may be required to gain access to a digital account or the account is simply closed when a user dies. Policies also vary among providers. Some, including Instagram and Facebook, offer to remove or memorialize a deceased user’s account.

Johnson didn’t want anyone to have to go through for her what her mother did when her father died.
[340 words]

[Time 4]
“In my will, I put down all of my main accounts, my email account, my photo accounts, my Facebook account, anything like that,” she says. “I listed what my login and what my password were and that those would be provided to the executor of my estate just so in case anything happened to me, they could go in, they could get anything they needed before anything was shut down.”

Online communities like The Digital Beyond provide resources and suggested language for drafting a will that includes access to digital accounts for whomever assumes ownership of the deceased’s estates.

Johnson hopes the Delaware law will inspire other states to take similar action and spreads the word to spare other families the hardship her mother endured.

“All of it was very scary, and it was a very traumatic time for my mother,” says Johnson. “Just seeing her go through this, it did not allow her to be able to have that opportunity to grieve because she felt like she was constantly dealing with another battle.”
[174 words]

Source: Yahoo Finance
http://finance.yahoo.com/news/what-happens-to-your-email-account-after-you-die-160820508.html

Does the Name of Your Company Matter?
BY ILYA POZIN | September 22, 2014

[Time 5]
It was their family names that doomed the young lovers in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. Yet could the name you choose for your business create a company star-crossed with success?

As human beings, we evaluate information quickly and make judgements in a snap. In fact, Harvard research has pinpointed snap judgements can be made in as little as three to four seconds of meeting someone. For reference, this is barely enough time to say hello, but the human brain has already made a friend-or-foe decision.

As evidence of our evolutionary past, these snap judgements make sense. However, they might spell disaster for individuals and businesses with the wrong names. Can a name really determine whether you succeed or fail? Let’s take a look at some evidence:

Improved Odds of Success
Your customers or investors fluency with the name you choose to give your business can make a huge difference when it comes to the ultimate success of your overall venture. A study on behalf of the Society of Personal and Social Psychology, Inc. discovered stocks with easier to pronounce names outperformed those with names more difficult to pronounce.

Looking at roughly 700 stocks between 1990 and 2004, the researchers discovered on the first day of trading, those with the simplest names earned 11 percent more than the stocks with the most difficult names. The difference increased to 33 percent when taken over the course of a whole year.

Takeaway: Stay on topic. Companies like Amazon and Apple (and we anticipate Pluto.TV) can get away with names which have nothing to do with the actual company and product simply because they’re easy to remember. However, you might want to create a tie between the name of your company and the reason it exists, just need to evaluate your market.

Why is Simpler Better?
According to researchers from the Department of Psychology at the University of Michigan, low processing fluency leaves the impression than a stimulus is unfamiliar and therefore dangerous. Put another way, we often fear the unfamiliar and are uncomfortable with what we don’t understand.

An example in the business world is the divergent paths of two personal finance focused startups. Both Mint and Wesabe were tools to help individuals track their personal finances. Only one is still in the game now. Can you guess which one? An account from a higher up at Mint pinpointed the name as one of several reasons Mint was ultimately more successful.

When creating a company, you need to reduce the barriers keeping customers and investors from buying into your vision. If your company name is hard to pronounce, difficult to spell, or makes little sense in relation to your product, you’ve unknowingly created a barrier to your own success.
[456 words]

[Time 6]
Keeping things short and simple holds just as true in the online marketplace as it does when looking at a stock portfolio. In fact, according to a report from 2011, the most popular length for a domain name was only eight characters. Consumers don’t want to remember an endless string of characters to find your business on the web. It’s not just because humans are lazy (although we often are), but also because our short-term memory is limited. It’s the reason why phone numbers only run seven digits.

Takeaway: Keep it short and simple. It might seem like a good idea to have a company name made up entire of emojis when you’re in the weeds creating a company. It’s not. Keep your company name short and simple. Crowdsource your potential name and see what friends, family, and associates think. If they can’t remember the potential name a few days after your conversation, it’s the wrong name.

What About When it Comes to People?
Unfortunately, this familiarity rule holds just as well for people as it does for company names. This is bad news for those with parents who have a creative naming streak, minorities, and women. Names can impact performance in school for children, as well as their future career opportunities as adults. And while having the same name as everyone else can be a drag during roll call in school, it can make you more likable (and employable) later on in life. (Thanks a lot mom and dad for naming me Ilya!)

Names that sound like they belong to a caucasian are more likely to be hired than names associated with minorities. In fact, researchers found a “white-sounding name” can be worth a staggering eight years of work experience. For women, having a sexually-ambiguous name can be a blessing in disguise. Research discovered women with masculine names had more success in their law careers than their more feminine-named counterparts.
[321 words]

Source: Entrepreneur
http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/237643

吐吐yeah

Part III: Obstacle

Xi who must be obeyed
From the print edition | September 20, 2014

[Paraphrase 7]
THE madness unleashed by the rule of a charismatic despot, Mao Zedong, left China so traumatised that the late chairman’s successors vowed never to let a single person hold such sway again. Deng Xiaoping, who rose to power in the late 1970s, extolled the notion of “collective leadership”. Responsibilities would be shared out among leaders by the Communist Party’s general secretary; big decisions would be made by consensus. This has sometimes been ignored: Deng himself acted the despot in times of crisis. But the collective approach helped restore stability to China after Mao’s turbulent dictatorship.

Xi Jinping, China’s current leader, is now dismantling it. He has become the most powerful Chinese ruler certainly since Deng, and possibly since Mao. Whether this is good or bad for China depends on how Mr Xi uses his power. Mao pushed China to the brink of social and economic collapse, and Deng steered it on the right economic path but squandered a chance to reform it politically. If Mr Xi used his power to reform the way power works in China, he could do his country great good. So far, the signs are mixed.

Taking on the party
U Mr Xi as a single personality at the expense of the group was itself a collective one. Some in China have been hankering for a strongman; a politician who would stamp out corruption, reverse growing inequalities and make the country stand tall abroad (a task Mr Xi has been taking up with relish—seearticle). So have many foreign businessfolk, who want a leader who would smash the monopolies of a bloated state sector and end years of dithering over economic reforms.

However the decision came about, Mr Xi has grabbed it and run with it. He has taken charge of secretive committees responsible for reforming government, overhauling the armed forces, finance and cyber-security. His campaign against corruption is the most sweeping in decades. It has snared the former second-in-command of the People’s Liberation Army and targeted the retired chief of China’s massive security apparatus—the highest-ranking official to be investigated for corruption since Mao came to power. The generals, wisely, bow to him: earlier this year state newspapers published pages of expressions of loyalty to him by military commanders.

He is the first leader to employ a big team to build his public profile. But he also has a flair for it—thanks to his stature (in a height-obsessed country he would tower over all his predecessors except Mao), his toughness and his common touch. One moment he is dumpling-eating with the masses, the next riding in a minibus instead of the presidential limousine. He is now more popular than any leader since Mao (see article).

All of this helps Mr Xi in his twofold mission. His first aim is to keep the economy growing fast enough to stave off unrest, while weaning it off an over-dependence on investment in property and infrastructure that threatens to mire it in debt. Mr Xi made a promising start last November, when he declared that market forces would play a decisive role (not even Deng had the courage to say that). There have since been encouraging moves, such as giving private companies bigger stakes in sectors that were once the exclusive preserve of state-owned enterprises, and selling shares in firms owned by local governments to private investors. Mr Xi has also started to overhaul the household-registration system, a legacy of the Mao era that makes it difficult for migrants from the countryside to settle permanently in cities. He has relaxed the one-child-per-couple policy, a Deng-era legacy that has led to widespread abuses.

More muscle needed
It is still far from clear whether Mr Xi’s economic policies will succeed in preventing a sharp slowdown in growth. The latest data suggest the economy is cooling more rapidly than the government had hoped (see article). Much will depend on how far he gets with the second, harder, part of his mission: establishing the rule of law. This will be a central theme of the annual meeting next month of the Communist Party’s Central Committee. The question is whether Mr Xi is prepared for the law to apply to everyone, without fear or favour.

His drive against corruption suggests that the answer is a qualified no. The campaign is characterised by a Maoist neglect of institutions. It has succeeded in instilling fear among officials, but has done little to deal with the causes of graft: an investigative mechanism that is controlled entirely by the party itself, a secret system of appointments to official positions in which loyalty often trumps honesty and controls on free speech that allow the crooked to silence their critics.

Mr Xi needs to set up an independent body to fight corruption, instead of leaving the job to party investigators and the feuding factions they serve. He should also require officials to declare all sources of income, property and other assets. Instead, he has been rounding up activists calling for such changes almost as vigorously as he has been confronting corruption. In the absence of legal reform, he risks becoming a leader of the old stripe, who pursues vendettas in the name of fighting wrongdoers. That will have two consequences: there will be a new wave of corruption, and resentments among the party elite will, at some point, erupt.

Mr Xi is making some of the right noises. He says he wants courts to help him “lock power in a cage”. Reforms are being tinkered with to make local courts less beholden to local governments. But he needs to go further by abolishing the party’s shadowy “political-legal committees”, which decide sensitive cases. The party should stop meddling in the appointment of judges (and, indeed, of legislators).

The effect of such reforms would be huge. They would signal a willingness by the party to begin loosening its monopoly of power and accepting checks and balances. Deng once said that economic reform would fail without political reform. Mr Xi last month urged foot-dragging officials to “dare to break through and try” reform. China’s leader should heed his own words and those of Deng. He should use his enormous power for the greatest good, and change the system.
[1044 words]

Source: Economist
http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21618780-most-powerful-and-popular-leader-china-has-had-decades-must-use-these-assets-wisely-xi?spc=scode&spv=xm&ah=9d7f7ab945510a56fa6d37c30b6f1709

ZOEYZHANG114

POLITIC TOPIC IS SUBJECTIVE AND NEED TIME TO PROVIE RGHT AND WRONG. THANKS

cyndichiang

Time2 2'08''
Time3 1'27''
Time4 0'49''
A problem faced by a woman with her husband's digital account when he died.
Law should catch up with the technology.

Time5 1'40''
Time6 0'56''
Business name does matter to its sucess
how to create a name: simple and clear
Names are also important to people

Obstacle: 4'49''
Xi is more power-collective even than any other president since Mao.
Xi's policital reforms such as anti-corruption and reverse of growth inequalities have some advantages but still need more efforts

AXIXI

[Time2--2:29 ] What would be happen for our digital account  after we die? The author give an example to induce the problem.
-----------------------------------
[Time3--2:35 ] In order to solve the problem, it appears some  relevant law to access the  accounts.
-----------------------------------
[Time4--1:09 ] Johnson hopes that the law will be effective implementation.
-----------------------------------
[Time5-- 3:24] The company's success is related to it's name---more easier name, more success.
-----------------------------------
[Time6-- 2:48] For company, short and simple name is much better than hard memorable name. And the rules also works for people.
-----------------------------------
[Obstacle--8:36 ] Mr. Xi has the most powerful since Mao and Deng. He needs to reform the current economic and political environment. There is hope and uncertainty at the same time for the reform the entire economy-political system. He fights against corruption and prevents the sharp slowdown of economy.
-----------------------------------

松鼠奇奇大尾巴

掌管 6        00:05:10.83        00:13:21.66
掌管 5        00:01:49.53        00:08:10.82
掌管 4        00:02:18.51        00:06:21.29
掌管 3        00:00:45.05        00:04:02.78
掌管 2        00:01:45.23        00:03:17.72
掌管 1        00:01:32.49        00:01:32.49

obstacle
Unlike the Mao and Deng, the Xi is dismantling the “collective power” of China, and he makes much effort to reform the way power for China. Though the results are mixed today, we can still see Xi smash the corruption and reform the law to help to economic.  

a2360239

time2 1'53  impact on the woman's family when her husband died
many bills are signed up online and the woman can not pay for the bills
if she does not know her husband's email password.

生词 condolence 同情 disable 无能为力  foreclosure 丧失抵押品赎回权  
take a hit遭受重击  in a timely fasion 及时的方式

time3  1’53  provides a law treating the digital assets the same as
the physical assets but now only a few companies accept it

incapacitated 使无能力

time4 1'00 the woman writed a will and call for other family and company
to follow her.

time5 2'48 the company's name is important for its success
P1:describes a study and demonstrates that the companies with simple name
are more likely to success than those with complex name
P2:give two examples,apple and amazon,to demonstrate that the company have
to tie the name with why it exists
P3:explain why the companies with simple name are more likely to success
, because complex names are barriers to the customers.

time6 1'57
P1:keep the name simple and short
P2:the connection between the name of people and the career future of people

streak 特征  drag 阻力  roll call 点名，登记

丝袜奶茶

Speaker. the price tag got cover is because the method can give the sale person to explain the value of the Jewelry quality, and its desginer.
the motion is more important than the price tag.
time 2 0200
the problematic issue that deceased person's email brings troubles, such payment online.
timie 3&4 0319
certain states have laws to solve the electronic assets
certian states, people may need to go to the court
time 5&6 0438
name impacts company's success.
also impact people's career.
obatacle: 0743
Mr Xi is fixing China. corruption, ecno, finance, baby policy. more stake in private company.

wensd1111

Listening:
price tag position affected customers. the shop owner though this will be a good chance to sell the particular value of the joury. The theory goes on well for some customers, but not for others. These other people will prefer not to bother the clerk and go away. some tastes from the internet seem to prove the fact. Thus the shop owner make some change, listing the tag in the class windows only.
1 A 01:48
2 A 01:38
3 A 00:41
4 A 02:18
5 A 01:43
6 A 05:55
most popular presidents since M, X hold enormous power. but will the power do good to the country. 1, two mission, economy and legislator.2,will the leislation be correctly reformed with the economy soft landing. the process should go synicly.