【Native Speaker每日综合训练—30系列】【30-10】经管_Run Run Shaw

olivia瓜瓜

Official weibo: http://weibo.com/u/3476904471

Part I: Speaker

Article 1    

Joshua Klein on the intelligence of crows

[Rephrase1]
[Speech, 10: 04]
mp3:
Source： TED
http://www.ted.com/talks/joshua_klein_on_the_intelligence_of_crows.html

olivia瓜瓜

         Part II: Speed                                

   Article 2              

Run Run Shaw, Chinese-Movie Giant Of the Kung Fu Genre, Dies at 106

[warm up ]

Run Run Shaw, the colorful Hong Kong media mogul whose name was synonymous with low-budget Chinese action and horror films — and especially with the wildly successful kung fu genre, which he is largely credited with inventing — died on Tuesday at his home in Hong Kong. He was 106.

His company, Television Broadcasts Limited, announced his death in a statement.
Born in China, Mr. Shaw and his older brother, Run Me, were movie pioneers in Asia, producing and sometimes directing films and owning lucrative cinema chains. His companies are believed to have released more than 800 films worldwide.

After his brother’s death in 1985, Mr. Shaw expanded his interest in television and became a publishing and real estate magnate as well. For his philanthropy, much of it going to educational and medical causes, he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II and showered with public expressions of gratitude by the Communist authorities in Beijing.

Mr. Shaw enjoyed the zany glamour of the Asian media world he helped create. He presided over his companies from a garish Art Deco palace in Hong Kong, a cross between a Hollywood mansion and a Hans Christian Andersen cookie castle. Well into his 90s he attended social gatherings with a movie actress on each arm. And he liked to be photographed in a tai chi exercise pose, wearing the black gown of a traditional mandarin.

Asked what his favorite films were, Mr. Shaw, a billionaire, once replied, “I particularly like movies that make money.”

[252 words]

[Time 2 ]

Run Run Shaw was born Shao Yifu in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, on Nov. 23, 1907. As a child, he moved to Shanghai, where his father ran a profitable textile business. According to some Hong Kong news media accounts, Run Run and Run Me were English-sounding nicknames the father gave his sons as part of a family joke that played on the similarity of the family name to the word rickshaw.

Evincing little interest in the family business, Run Run and Run Me turned instead to entertainment. The first play they produced was called “Man From Shensi,” on a stage, as it turned out, of rotten planks. As the brothers often told the story, on opening night the lead actor plunged through the planks, and the audience laughed. The Shaws took note and rewrote the script to include the incident as a stunt. They had a hit, and in 1924 they turned it into their first film.

After producing several more movies, the brothers decided that their homeland, torn by fighting between Nationalists and Communists, was too unstable. In 1927 they moved to Singapore, which was then part of British colonial Malaya.

Besides producing their own films in Singapore, the brothers imported foreign movies and built up a string of theaters. Their business boomed until the Japanese invaded the Malay Peninsula in 1941 and stripped their theaters and confiscated their film equipment. But according to Run Run Shaw, he and his brother buried more than $4 million in gold, jewelry and currency in their backyard, which they dug up after World War II and used to resume their careers.

With the rise of Hong Kong as the primary market for Chinese films, Run Run Shaw moved there in 1959, while his brother stayed behind looking after their Singapore business.
[300 words]

[Time 3 ]

In Hong Kong, Run Run Shaw created Shaw Movietown, a complex of studios and residential towers where his actors worked and lived. Until then, the local industry had turned out 60-minute films with budgets that rarely exceeded a few thousand dollars. Shaw productions ran up to two hours and cost as much as $50,000 — a lavish sum by Asian standards at the time.

Mr. Shaw went on to plumb the so-called dragon-lady genre with great commercial success. Movies like “Madame White Snake” (1963) and “The Lady General” (1965) offered sexy, combative, sometimes villainous heroines, loosely based on historical characters. And by the end of the 1960s, he had discovered that martial-arts films in modern settings could make even more money.

His “Five Fingers of Death” (1973), considered a kung fu classic, was followed by “Man of Iron” (1973), “The Shaolin Avengers” (1976) and many others. Critics dismissed the films as artless and one-dimensional, but spectators crowded into the theaters to cheer, laugh or mockingly hiss at the action scenes. To ensure that his films were amply distributed, Mr. Shaw’s chain of cinemas grew to more than 200 houses in Asia and the United States. “We were like the Hollywood of the 1930s,” he said. “We controlled everything: the talent, the production, the distribution and the exhibition.”
[233 words]

[Time 4 ]

Other Hong Kong producers, directors and actors called Mr. Shaw’s methods iron-fisted. In 1970, Raymond Chow, a producer with Mr. Shaw’s company, Shaw Brothers, left to form his own company, Golden Harvest, which gave more creative and financial independence to top directors and stars.

Mr. Chow’s biggest success, and Mr. Shaw’s most notable loss, was his decision to bankroll Bruce Lee. Mr. Lee initially approached Shaw Brothers, which turned down his demand for a long-term contract of $10,000 per film. Golden Harvest then offered Mr. Lee creative control and profit-sharing.

“The Big Boss,” better known as “Fists of Fury” (1971), was Mr. Lee’s first film with Golden Harvest, and it broke all Hong Kong box-office records. Other big-name actors and directors flocked to Golden Harvest, breaking Shaw Brothers’ virtual monopoly.

But Run Run Shaw had already expanded beyond the film industry. His investments in the new phenomenon of Asian television were to prove even more lucrative than his movie productions. In 1972 he began Television Broadcasts (TVB), and he soon gained control of 80 percent of the Hong Kong market. TVB churned out 12 hours of its own programming a day, much of it soap operas and costume dramas that riveted Chinese television viewers on the mainland and throughout Southeast Asia.

As his fortune grew, Mr. Shaw donated generously to hospitals, orphanages and colleges in Hong Kong, for which he was named a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1974 and awarded a knighthood in 1977. In 1990 he donated 10 million pounds to help establish the Run Run Shaw Institute of Chinese Affairs at Oxford University, where his four children had studied. In 2004 he established the Shaw Prize, an international award for research in astronomy, mathematics and medicine.
[308 words]

[Time 5 ]

As Hong Kong’s days as a British colony dwindled, Mr. Shaw stepped up his philanthropy in China. He contributed more than $100 million to scores of universities on the mainland and raised money in support of Chinese victims of floods and other natural disasters. Chinese leaders toasted him for his generosity at banquets in Beijing.

Mr. Shaw’s philanthropy did not extend to the United States, but he was once viewed as a white knight in New York. In 1991, when Macy’s was on the verge of bankruptcy, he bought 10 percent of its preferred shares for $50 million, becoming one of the largest shareholders in R. H. Macy & Company.

The investment had a personal aspect. Ten years earlier, Mitchell Finkelstein, the son of Macy’s chief executive, Edward S. Finkelstein, had married Hui Ling, a Shaw protégée who appeared in many of his movies. Mr. Shaw met the older Finkelstein at the wedding, and they became friends.

In later years, the aging mogul himself seemed in need of help to keep his media empire intact. Concerned with the rise of cable and satellite television, he sold a 22 percent stake in TVB to Rupert Murdoch’s News Corporation in 1993.
[205 words]

[Time 6 ]

Mr. Shaw had intended to maintain control over his media business by balancing his one-third share in TVB against Mr. Murdoch’s 22 percent and the 24 percent held by Robert Kuok, one of Hong Kong’s richest entrepreneurs. But the balance of power shifted when Mr. Murdoch sold his equity to Mr. Kuok shortly afterward. Then, in 1996, in Hong Kong’s first case of a hostile takeover, Mr. Kuok forced Mr. Shaw to sell him his shares in TVE, the lucrative publishing, music and real estate subsidiary of TVB. The deal reduced Mr. Shaw’s TVB stake to 23 percent.

Mr. Shaw’s business situation was also hindered by his inability to groom credible successors. His sons, Vee Meng and Harold, were at one time heavily involved in the family enterprises, but their relationship with him had become strained.

Mr. Shaw’s first wife, Wong Mee Chun, died in 1987. He married Mona Fong, a former singer and actress, in 1997. She survives him. Other survivors include his sons and two daughters, Dorothy and Violet, also from his first marriage.

Even after turning 90, Mr. Shaw maintained a powerful presence in the Hong Kong film world through his control of Shaw Studios. But a newer generation of independent producers came to dominate the Hong Kong market with their own violent brand of police and gangster films.
[234 words]

Source：NYTIMES
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/07/movies/run-run-shaw-movie-mogul-seen-as-creator-of-kung-fu-genre-dies-at-106.html?pagewanted=1&_r=1

olivia瓜瓜

Part III: Obstacle

Article3       
Sir Run Run Shaw: The legend with a heart of gold

[Paraphrase 7]

In 1966, the Red Cross was in trouble. It had no money and even less blood. The organising committee was desperate.

"Can we ask Run Run to help?" someone asked.

A call went out to Sir Run Run Shaw at his movie city in Clear Water Bay. He knew little about the Red Cross.

Typically, he threw his energy and influence into the effort, staging a gala charity premiere with entry set at HK$1,000 per couple. The committee was stunned. Who could afford such an extravagant price to see a film?

Sir Run Run held a party at his palatial home on a crest above the studios.

Paying HK$1,000 for a good cause was not really all that expensive, he explained to the guests. The theatre was packed.

That solved the immediate money problem. But then he started asking questions about the Red Cross.

When he discovered that ingrained superstition and feudal belief deterred many people from donating blood, he became chairman and made blood collection a personal cause.

Swordfight heroes and film starlets trooped out before the cameras to personally donate blood. So did wealthy businessmen and their wives.

So did a swelling number of the public as a publicity drive persuaded Hongkongers that giving blood was part of their commitment to society.

In 1966, a mere 20,435 units of blood were donated in the city, largely collected from British soldiers. Last year, about 170,000, mostly local, donors gave 247,007 units of blood, the highest total on record.

Sir Run Run, who died at his Hong Kong home yesterday, is survived by two sons and two daughters - Vee-Ming, Harold, Dorothy and Violet - and by his second wife, the former Mona Fong, who he married in 1997.

When Sir Run Run Shaw came to Hong Kong in 1957 and bought land for a studio at Clear Water Bay, he almost single-handedly resurrected the ailing Hong Kong movie industry. It is estimated that over the next 25 years, Shaw Brothers made 900 films. He created entire new genres - swordfight dramas, lurid ghost stories and kung fu fighting were Clear water Bay staples.
The movie and other entertainment businesses were vital to the life and business enterprises of the tiny, bird-like man.

They were the core of his business life. But he was much, much more than a movie tycoon.

He felt a commitment to those less fortunate. Cultured and educated, he felt obliged to try to bring the better things of life to the masses.

He was on the committee that in 1969 set up the Community Chest. He was a guiding light for the establishment of the Arts Festival in 1973 and an active chairman, persuading some of the most prestigious cultural groups in the world to play in Hong Kong's humble venues.

As a philanthropist, Sir Run Run was hugely generous. In 1985 he estimated he had already given away HK$1 billion. But as an astute entrepreneur, he was careful how he gave. He wanted to see that flood of money put to good use. He targeted education, health and other basic causes that would not merely bring short-term relief to a few people, but create building blocks for the long-term good of Hong Kong and all China.

He poured billions into The Sir Run Run Shaw Charitable Trust and The Shaw Foundation.

They promoted education, scientific and technological research, medical and welfare services and art and culture. Among his more recent ventures was the establishment of the Shaw Prize in 2002, an endowment paying US$1 million prizes to three people picked annually for innovation in astronomy, life science and medicine and mathematical science.

The first of these prizes awarded to pioneers in their fields was given in 2004. Since then, 54 prominent scientists have received the prestigious awards that have been described as the Asian version of the Nobel Prize.

Sir Run Run, or Shao Yi Fu, as he was named, was born in Shanghai in 1906 (or 1907 according to some records).

He graduated from the Shanghai YMCA School, an institution which taught him his excellent English.

With his older brothers Runme and Runje he made a flickering silent film in 1924 about the success of a hard-working businessman. It spawned what became the Shaw entertainment empire.

Sir Run Run made no secret when he reminisced about how much he loved his life.

In his sprawling mansion above Clear Water Bay he would keep guests enthralled for hours as he chatted about his adventures in movie distribution in Southeast Asia.

"There were no theatres and many of the Chinese were poor migrants working in tin mines or logging camps in remote places," he once recalled.

"They couldn't go to the movies, so we took films to them."

Complete portable cinemas, benches, screens, projectors, generators and the latest film made by Runje in Shanghai, were packed into rickety trucks and driven over nightmarish roads into the interior.

As appreciative labourers and their families watched the show, Run Run and Runme would scout out the land. If there was a good supply of customers, the brothers would build a theatre.

Shrewdly, they always bought more land than they needed for a cinema. They figured that a thriving movie house would attract a lot more people to the area, forcing up real estate prices.

This astute assumption laid the financial basis for much of the sprawling Shaw empire.

But it was show business that Sir Run Run loved. He recalled the first Cantonese language film ever made, a musical called White Dragonwhich featured two stars of the Guangzhou stage.

A half century after it was first shown, Sir Run Run bubbled with glee in a 1985 interview as he talked about the film.

"It broke all records and people queued for hours to see people talking in Cantonese and singing Cantonese love songs," he exclaimed. "It cost HK$5,000 to make and in its first run in Canton alone it made HK$590,000."

Vernacular movies were box office boomers. The lesson was soon learned and Shaw Brothers made the first Bahasa language movie, which drew huge audiences in British Malaya and the Dutch East Indies.

When Run Run went home to Shanghai in 1939 to make a progress report, he could proudly report back to his family about the 139 Shaw Brothers cinemas and surrounding real estate that dotted the map of Southeast Asia.

Invasion destroyed that commercial empire as surely as it conquered Southeast Asia. "We lost everything," he recalled.

But he was fortunate. He kept his head. As the Japanese military government clamped its brutal rule on Singapore, the secret police hunted through the island for the man who had distributed films showing the vicious invasion of China. He was found sheltering in the home of a friend, dragged to a police station and interrogated for 10 days.

Then a senior Japanese official made an offer Run Run could not refuse - he was asked to reopen cinemas to show films for their soldiers.

Peace did not bring prosperity. Public tastes were changed dramatically by the war and political developments. People wanted to watch slick Hollywood and European productions. Good-quality theatres showing Chinese films stood empty. The reason, Run Run considered, was down to the appalling quality of Chinese language films. In 1957 he headed for Hong Kong, paid 45 cents per square foot for land at Clear water Bay (Shaw movie town now stands there) and started a cinematic revolution. Over the next quarter century, he made "maybe 800, maybe 900, I can't remember" movies there.

First, they were romances set in ancient dynasties. This wave was followed by swordfight slash-and-gash dramas, and for a while stories on demons and ghosts were popular. Then came the genre that rocketed Hong Kong moviemaking into the big time - kung fu films.

The Clear Water Bay studios were like an ants' nest, with up to three movies being shot simultaneously on the same set on a 24-hour-a-day celluloid production line. He became chairman of TVB and was director of dozens of companies.

Sir Run Run was photographed with stars such as Elizabeth Taylor and Sophia Loren. He rubbed shoulders with other tycoons and financiers and with politicians. But his greatest joy was knowing that the vast fortunes he gave away were doing good for humanity.
[1387 words]

Source： SCMP
http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1400191/sir-run-run-shaw-legend-heart-gold

sherlock1992

Thx, Olivia!        楼下的，你你你要不要这么慢~

Speaker:
the author uses some observations and experiments to conclude that crows are a kind of intelligent species and maybe we can train them to do something beneficial for us and further, build a mutually beneficial system for these species.

Speed:
1'43''1'39''
1'09''
1'48''
1'04''
1'34''

Obstacle-8'26''
this article firstly tells us a story about how Sir Run Run Shaw helps Red Cross solve the blood shortage problem as a preface to introduce Shao Yi Fu.
>He is a tycoon in HK movie industry and contributes a lot for the communication between HK and the world in arts.
>At the same time, he is a generous philanthropist and donates millions dollars to the education, health and others basic areas with the thinking of an astute entrepreneur. Latter, he established Shaw Prize to award the pioneers in their fields.
>Next, the author mainly focuses on the war period and the latter peace period, in which he tells us the difficulties Shaw faced in the process of chasing his movie dream.
>Shaw's happiest moment is not to see how much fortune he has, rather to see the money he earned is used for the good of other humanity.

疏离无罪

楼上的，你你你要不要这么快
楼上赤果果的嘲讽啊


Speaker:The author used several examples to show that crows are so intelligent that human may train them to do some things.If so,people will be troubled by them any more,instead people can benefit from them and creat a good relationship and balance with crows.

01:30
Introduce the early life and business of Shaw Brother.Their life in shanghai and Singapore.

01:10
Introduce the movie and his company in Hongkong.Shaw perfered the movie which can make more money,ignoring its art aspect.

01:23
Because of Shaw's methods of management,some directors and actors leaved his company.His big loss is Bruce Lee.But Mr Shaw expanded his business to television field and had a big success.After succes,he donate most his money to charity.

01:03
Mr Shaw contributed muc money to the mainland.His is not famous in USA.But he once saved Macy company for a friend.For the aging and other reasons,Shaw sold some of his stock to a company.

01:20
After this deal,Shaw still mantained the control of the company.But another deal changed his business stituation.One more reason makes his business tougher is that he hasn't a good successor.Then introduce his family situation.Shaw still has a powerful influence in Hongkong.But independent producers is challenging now.

07:45
Main Idea:The life of Shaw Yi Fu
In 1966,the Red Cross was in trouble,it is short of money and blood.The organization tried to turn to Shaw for help.And Shaw no only raised money for it and aslo collected blood for it.
The achievement of Shaw in movie industry is amazing,but he has done more things than movie.He is also famous for his charity.Until 1985,he had already donated 1 billion Hongkong dollars.And he cared more about how his money was given.
Then introduce his bussiness life in Singapore.He bring movies to people who want to watch.And he brought land to build cinema and land aroud it as real estate.Although the war almost ruin his bussines,it is fortune that he was still alive.
But the war changed people's taste.So he moved to Hongkong and started at there again.He then built the television business.

olivia瓜瓜

首页~~~~~

Warm up： 1m54s

Run run shaw the giant movie mogul who once produced and directed movie, died at 106.

He also charge the Television company and do his charity in education and medical.   

Genre 类型，流派，风俗画
mogul 有影响力的人

be largely credited with 归功于，被认为是

Philanthropy 慈善业

Zany 古怪的，愚蠢的，滑稽的

&想到了上一期的，welch 讲到的企业为什么要成功，因为只有成功的企业才真正对社会有帮助。

Time2： 1m47s

Run run shaw and his brother abandoned their family business into entertainment and go to singapore build their theater.   

Time3: 1m13s
Run run shaw moved to hong kong took advantage the market of media in Asia, following he produced and distributed the movies chain all over the world.   

Time4:1m46s
Run run shaw pour his movie carrier to the climax,and turned to expand his TVB company. He donated many program.

Time5： 1m03s
With the british colony dwindled，he began his charity in mainland.although he has not expand his donation in USA，but he is regarded as white knight for his acquisition.

Dwindle 减少

Time6: 1m22s

Even after turning 90, he also control the television brand, but a newer generation come to dominate the television market.

Obstacle: 7m56s

When Red Cross go through the hardship,they turn to run run shaw.

Run run shaw help the Red Cross out, and encouraged different kinds individual blood donation.  

He bought more land than that needed to build the movie center,because the movie center would attract many people ,with the land price increased.

He is not only a tycoon,but also a philanthropist who set up the prize rewards for the scientific successful man.

In the japanese invasion, he was ordered by japanese to produce film for the soldiers.

Peace did not give more market , run run shaw begin to transform the movie genre.  

wasuresaki

第四天

warm up

1'47''

1, 2'14''
2, 1'22''
3, 2'05''
4, 2'38''
5, 1'45''

OBSTACLE

10'33''

原来邵逸夫还有个名字叫Run Run Shaw,真是好励志
昨天被PREP虐出翔，就没心情做了……在想是不是其实做这些也没什么用。一点长进都没感觉到。但是觉得既然这篇打了卡，那就要做完，然后真心感谢，今天瓜瓜这篇文章。
Run Run。

小鱼上树

瓜瓜好样的！周三依然是紧跟时事！

30-10

Speaker

When we focus on protecting the species which are in danger,we forget to look at the species which adept very well with human beings. Whencrows are messing around us, we don’t need to kill them just because we gotannoyed. They are highly intelligent, good at memorizing things and they canlearn from each other. We can actually train them to help us, maybe search andrescue and make the planet a better place for both human beings and crows.

2 300 1min42

Run run and run me are English-sound nickname-moved fromshanghai to Singapore and then run run went to hongkong

3 233 1min07

Run run created kungfu classic movies and built a place likeHollywood which controlled everything from production to exhibition

4 308 1min34

5 205 1min04

Shaw had wide ranged investments which benefited him in thelong run.

6 234 1min18

cherry6891

归队 占位~~~
Speaker: speaker did some researches and show the human can live together peacefully with animals like crows, cockroach

7 7:55 Run run stag a gala charity party to collect money for red cross and make an good example to donate blood
--he created a new genres-swordfight drama and as a astute entrepreneur, he put the flood pf money to good use not merely short-term relief

1:36  warm up {movie pioneer-shaw died on Jan 8th , who liked to be photographed in a taichi exercise pose and wearing the black gown}

2  1:55  shaw brother ran their business in Hong Kong and Singapore, to keep their money during the time Japan invading Singapore they buried 4 million in the backyard

3  1:18  shaw built his movie town in Hong kong and created commercial successfully movie :dragon lady and kung fu classic

4  1:33 the successful movie with Bruce Lee break Shaw brothers’ monopoly

5  1:04 shaw contribute money to build school in mainland and also white knight in US

6 1:08 the development of shaw business in hong kong

Talitha

2:1'27
3:1'23
4:2'12
5:1'26
6:1'54