【Native Speaker每日综合训练—29系列】【29-15】科技

crystal9291

speed
T2 1：37
T3 1：30
T4 1：04
T5 2：02
T6 1：32
obstacle
T7 4：56  

TaoRs92

平安夜快乐~~


time:1:22.03
Two ways for brain to work.Under stress and not under stress.
The example of buying a car.
Model-based decision and model-free decision.
____________
time:1:12.22
An experiment studying for how people make decisions.
Two groups of people.With ice water stress and temperate water non-stress.
Face screens and should try to find the biggest chance to earn the money.
____________
time:0:53.88
Under model-based learning:people will calculate the probablity that they can earn the most of the money and make decisions.
Under model-free learning:people will follow the decision last time.If last time they earned moeny,they will still choose this choice,no matter whether this is the best one.
Conclusion:model-based and model-free learning are combined.People can figure out the best choice,but can not ignore the choice working before.
___________
time:1:40.01
How does stress affect these two learnings?
Only affect model-based learning.
1 If people put their hands on the ice water,they will get stress and have more difficulty to conduct model-based learning and calculate the best choice.
2 People who are not good at money tests will be strongly affected by stress.People who are good at money tests will still do good.
Conclusion:
Model-based learning is expensive.Model-free learning is cheap.
Model-based learning is no always better than model-free learning.
____________
time:1:13.07
Other concerns:
1 will different stresses lead to different affections?
2 will this study helps the understanding of addcition?does model-free learning work in drug addcition?
3 will model-based learning always be better than model-free learning?different things may have different chocies.
____________
time:4:30.59
The discussion of tearing California into several parts.
Draper:California should be divided into 6 new states.
His argument and reason:
1 the population is too large for the entire state
2 new states can have policies which fit the population
The author disagrees with this idea.But he thinks that dividing California into two new states may be supportable.
These ideas will take a long time to become ture.

lyrsilvia

Time 2: 1'42
Time 3: 1'27
Time 4: 1'03
Time 5: 1'52
Time 6: 1'29
Obstacle: 5'32

dancingwind990

Speaker                                                                               
                                                                               
High test score doesn't ensure high intelligent score.                                                                               
                                                                               
Time 2 1'33"                                                                               
Model-based decision takes into account differenct aspects, while model free decision takes less.                                                                               
                                                                               
Time 3 1'51"                                                                               
A researcher made an experiment revolving 60 students, testing their decision making under two differenct circumstances.                                                                               
The task of the experiment is two-step reinforcement task.                                                                               
                                                                               
Time 4 1'22"                                                                               
The experiment showed what steps people will do under two circumstances, model-based and model-free.                                                                               
The result demonstrate that people will do both.                                                                               
                                                                               
Time 5 1'"50                                                                               
Stree only affect model-based decision.In addition, the result also showed that people who have good working memory make money less than people have worse working memory.                                                                               
                                                                               
                                                                               
Time 6 2'-3"                                                                               
It's hard to say that model-based learning is better thatn model-free learning. It depends on the task people have to do.                                                                               
                                                                               
Moreover, differenct stressor has different influence to decision making.                                                                               
                                                                               
Obstacle 7'25"                                                                               
Draper proposed that California could be divided into six parts. To support it, Draper gave two reasons.Firstly, California is not represented properly in Washindon DC. Secondly, divided government could make decisions and regulations more appropriate to thire  respective populations.                                                                               
                                                                               
                                                                               
However, the author didn't agree with him. He think dividing California into six states is terrible. How the national flag will be after that?                                                                               
Instead, the author suggested that California could be divided into two parts, while the other two states combined into one.                                                                               

NativeStudy菌

kimwang53 发表于 2013-12-23 22:29
沙发~

KIM啊，事不过三啊，我这都连着催你三天了，你。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。

NativeStudy菌

babygogogo 发表于 2013-12-23 23:10
ding yi ding

baby，圣诞节记得来补坑哦~

kimwang53

主页菌 发表于 2013-12-25 07:07
KIM啊，事不过三啊，我这都连着催你三天了，你。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 ...

good to see you dude~~ how's your silent night?

云游

Factual Intelligence V.S. Fluid Intelligence
1:17 Two decision making pattern: model-based;model-free.
1:24 Experiment was conducted under stressful moment to test the influence of stress on the test taker's decision making ability.
1:17 Under normal situation, the test-takers adopt a mixture of both types to make their decision.
2:01 Under stressful situation, the model-based decision maker may, however, find it more difficult to address the problem.
1:57 People hypothesized social stress might have the same influence on decision making, and find out under stressful moment people will addicated more to model-free pattern.

6:31

就爱吃芒果

Time2 (1’21)
When people under stress they will make the primitive decision and ignore other possibilities.

Time3 (1’19)
The participants are divided into two parts. Some of them put their left hand in the cold water and others put their left hand in the normal temperature water. Then let them do the experiment.

Time4 (0’52)
The study shows that people in the life always use mixture of the thinking process.

Time5 (1’42)
The stress only has effect on the model based thinking.
That fact means that the people get a higher mark in the working memory testing will do better when under stress.
But some differences did not exist and more differences will be given in the future study.

Time6 (1’11)
Researchers also want to find whether different kinds of stress can have a different effect on the thinking.
Different model of thinking had different kinds of effect and you may pick one depending the situation.

许油油

Time2 2:04
People always make dirty decision when they are under pressure.
Model-based decision depends on all the options. Model-free decision depends on the best last time.

Time3 1:35
An experiment was made to study how people make decision under stress.

Time4 1:16
People ues mixture of model-free and model-based learning. It's hard to ignore the last chance to make money even we know it is not the best choice.

Time5 1:51
Stress only affect human's model-based learning. If there is stress, people will fall back to model-free learning.

Timer 1:27
relapse v.复发

Obstacle 5:32
submit v,顺从服从
initiative n,倡议
ballot v,n 投票
Main idea: A plan to divided California into six states.
TD is the person who assert this plan.
But this plan may need huge effort and a lot of money.
D argues that creating six California would encourage more business competition and allow separate states to make more appropriate laws and regulations.
The author has no idea whether this plan is good or bad. Author thinks divide California into two states is a good idea.