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发表于 2013-5-19 19:04:46 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式


Unearthed in China, fossils of feathered dinosaurs offer the most dramatic evidence yet discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds.


  • offer the most dramatic evidence yet discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds
  • offer evidence more dramatic than what has yet been discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds
  • offer more dramatic evidence of the close evolutionary relationship than any yet discovered between dinosaurs and birds
  • have offered the most dramatic evidence of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds that have yet been discovered
  • have offered more dramatic evidence than any that has yet been discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds (any 为什么不可以使用)




32.The Chicago and Calumet Rivers originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but having been redirected by constructingcanals so that the water now empties into the Mississippi by way of the Illinois River.

(A) Rivers originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but having been redirected by constructing

(B) Rivers had originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but they have been redirected by constructing

(C) Rivers, which originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan but have been redirected by the construction of

(D) Rivers, originally flowing into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but having been redirected by the construction of   (E)

(E) Rivers, originally flowing into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, have been redirected through the construction of   

主要问题是but句或者and句,连词后可否加一个功能状语?


In California today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.
A. In California today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.
B. Of the Californians under the age of eighteen, today more than 43 percent of them are Hispanic, compared with a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent.
C. Today, more than 43 percent of Californians under the age of eighteen are Hispanic, compared with about 35 percent a decade ago.
D. Today, compared to a decade ago, Californians who are Hispanics under the age of eighteen account for more than 43 percent, whereas it was about 35 percent.
E. Today, Hispanics under the age of eighteen in California
account for more than 43 percent, unlike a decade ago, when it was about 35 percent




Elk now live almost solely in the Rocky Mountains, which would make it seem that elk are mountain

dwellers, while they once ranged over virtually all of the continental United States except for a small strip in the extreme Southwest.
A. Elk now live almost solely in the Rocky Mountains, which would make it seem that elk are mountain dwellers, while
B. The fact that elk now live almost solely in the Rocky Mountains would make it seem that they are mountain dwellers, but
C. It would seem that elk would be mountain dwellers because of their living now solely almost in the Rocky Mountains, but still
D. Now living almost solely in the Rocky Mountains, it would seem that elk were mountain dwellers, although
E. It seems that elk would be mountain dwellers from the fact that they now live solely almost in the Rocky Mountains, since   


Q8:TTGWD2-Q1:

Neither First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt nor Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins sought recognition by the press, and both cautiously allowed others of the Roosevelt brain trust to take credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security that were in large measure what they had been responsible for.

A. to take credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security that were in large measure what they had been responsible for
B. to take credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security for which the two women were in large measure responsible
C. taking credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security for which the two women were in large measure responsible   
D. taking credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security that were in large measure what they were responsible for   
E. taking credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security which were largely their responsibility               


Wind resistance created by opening windows while driving results in a fuel penalty as great or greater than is incurred by using air conditioning.
A  as great or greater than is incurred by using air conditioning.
B  that is as great or greater than is incurred by using air conditioning
C  as great as or greater than that of using air conditoning
D  at least as great as air conditioning's
E  at least as great as that incurred by using air conditioning

C为什么错呢?








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沙发
 楼主| 发表于 2013-5-19 22:18:35 | 只看该作者
Unearthed in China, fossils of feathered dinosaurs offer the most dramatic evidence yet discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds.
A. offer the most dramatic evidence yet discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds
B. offer evidence more dramatic than what has yet been discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds
C. offer more dramatic evidence of the close evolutionary relationship than any yet discovered between dinosaurs and birds
D. have offered the most dramatic evidence of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds that have yet been discovered
E. have offered more dramatic evidence than any that has yet been discovered of the close evolutionary relationship between dinosaurs and birds


Yellow jackets number among the 900 or so species of the world's social wasps, wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where thev consist almost entirely of females—the queen and her sterile female workers.

(A) wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where they consist almost entirely of
(B) wasps that live in a highly cooperative and organized society consisting almost entirely of
(C) which means they live in a highly cooperative and organized society, almost all
(D) which means that their society is highly cooperative, organized, and it is almost entirely
(E) living in a society that is highly cooperative, organized, and it consists of almost all
板凳
 楼主| 发表于 2013-5-19 23:50:07 | 只看该作者

In the 1820’s, anthracite coalfields opened in eastern Pennsylvania, and when canals and eventually railroads reached into the region, there were substantial supplies of coal that was exported to the nation’s growing mills, forges, factories, and railways.

A.        when canals and eventually railroads reached into the region, there were substantial supplies of coal that was 错误
B.        once canals and eventually railroads reaching into the region, there were substantial supplies of coal having been
C.        with canals and eventually railroads reaching into the region, there had been substantial supplies of coal
D.        canals and eventually railroads reached into the region, with substantial supplies of coal being
E.        as canals and eventually railroads reached into the region, substantial supplies of coal were                            正确


我认为A的错误在于when,A如果改变 because 应该也对。不知道 supplies of coal that was 有没有主谓一致的问题


1. The Anasazi settlements at Chaco Canyon were built on a spectacular scale with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were connected by a complex regional system of roads.

  A. with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were

  B. with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each,

  C. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms, each that had been

  D. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms and with each

  E. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms each had been

  B: correct,connected分词修饰句子主语settlements

  

Some anthropologists believe that the genetic homogeneity evident in the world’s people is the result of a “population bottleneck”--at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event, greatly reducing their numbers and thus our genetic variation.

A. at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event, greatly reducing their numbers
B.that at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event that greatly reduced their numbers
C.that some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event so that their numbers were greatly reduced,
D. some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event from which their numbers were greatly reduced
E.some time in the past, that our ancestors suffered an event so as to reduce their numbers greatly,

The 32 species that make up the dolphin family are closely related to whales and in fact include the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and is famous for its aggressive hunting pods.
A; include the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and is
B; include the animal known as the killer whale, growing as big as 30 feet long and
C; include the animal known as the killer whale, growing up to 30 feet long and being
D; includes the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow as big as 30 feet long and is
E; includes the animal known as the killer whale, which can grow to be 30 feet long and it is


Many experts regarded the increase in credit card borrowing in March not as a sign that households were pressed for cash and forced to borrow, rather a sign of confidence by households that they could safely handle new debt.

A rather a sign of confidence by households that they could safely
B yet as a sign of households' confidence that it was safe for them to
C but a sign of confidence by households that they could safely
D but as a sign that households were confident they could safely
E but also as a sign that households were confident in their ability safely to



In a state of pure commercial competition, there would be a large number of producing firms, all unfettered by governmental regulations, all seeking to meet consumer needs and wants more successfully than each other.
A.all seeking to meet consumer needs and wants more successfully than each other
B.all seeking more successfully to meet consumer needs and wants than the others
C.each seeking to meet consumer needs and wants more successfully than one another
D each seeking to meet consumer needs and wants more successfully than the others
E each seeking more successfully to meet consumer needs and wants than another

Last week local shrimpers held a news conference to take some credit for the resurgence of the rare Kemp's ridley turtle, saying that their compliance with laws requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect adult sea turtles.  
A. requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect
B. requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting
C. that require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets protect
D. to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets are protecting
E. to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting


The fact of some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably on a spectrum of genetic relatedness.
A; The fact of some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably
B; That some fraternal twins resemble each other greatly while others look quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely that they vary considerably
C; With some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar, it highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely considerable variation
D; With some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar, it is a fact that highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely a considerable variation
E; Because some fraternal twins resemble each other greatly and others look quite dissimilar, this fact highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably

看来fact等还真是妙用无穷,既可以 I like the fact/it that……。替代宾语从句,也可以替代主语从句。还可以在介词后边替代状语从句吧 dispect the fact? 下边的resumptive modifier也是如此可以起同位语从句的作用?
介词后通常不能接that引导的从句,遇此情况应在介词后加上 the fact
He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young.
不过,表示“除……外”的介词 except, but 后可直接跟 that 从句。如:This dress will do except that its price is a little too high. 这连衣裙还行,只是价格贵了一点。I would lend you the money except that I don’t have any. 我是肯借给你钱的,只是我没有钱。Nothing would satisfy that child but that I place her on my lap. 那孩子什么都不要,只要我把她抱在膝上。




Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

    A. Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worried well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.
    B. An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that worked well in the past, makes missing signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting ones likely when they do appear.
    C. An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action is likely to miss or misinterpret signs of incipient trouble when they do appear, especially if it has worked well in the past.
    D. Executives’ being heavily committed to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes them likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting them when they do appear.
    E. Being heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that has worked well in the past, is likely to make an executive miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.
正确选项 E

A中句首的状语和主句中间可以插入状语从句吗?

句尾的【,ving]后边可以有状语从句吗?可以再有【,vingg】吗?可以有and结构吗、?
什么时候用代词one ……。什么时候用resumetive modifier? B中是否应该换成especially action?


The fact of some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably on a spectrum of genetic relatedness.

A. The fact of some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably
B. That some fraternal twins resemble each other greatly while others look quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely that they vary considerably
C. With some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar, it highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely considerable variation
D. With some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar, it is a fact that highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely a considerable variation
E. Because some fraternal twins resemble each other greatly and others look quite dissimilar, this fact highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably
答案B


Digging in sediments in northern China, evidence has been gathered by scientistssuggesting that complex life-forms emerged much earlier than they had previously thought.
(A) evidence has been gathered by scientists suggestingthat complex life-forms emerged much earlier than they had
(B) evidence gathered by scientists suggests a muchearlier emergence of complex life-forms than had been
(C) scientists have gathered evidence suggesting thatcomplex life-forms emerged much earlier than
(D) scientists have gathered evidence that suggests amuch earlier emergence of complex life-forms than that which was
(E) scientists have gathered evidence which suggests amuch earlier emergence of complex life-forms than that   

According to two teams of paleontologists, recent fossil discoveries in Pakistan show that whales,porpoises, and dolphins are more closely related to some of the oldest known even-toed ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today includes cows, camels, pigs, and hippos--than to any other mammals.

(A) that whales, porpoises, and dolphins are more closely related to some of the oldest known even-toed ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today includes cows, camels, pigs, and
hippos--than
(B) that whales, porpoises, and dolphins are more closely related to some of the oldest known
even-toed ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today include cows, camels, pigs, and
hippos--as
(C) whales, porpoises, and dolphins to be more closely related to some of the oldest known
even-toed ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today include cows, camels, pigs, and
hippos--than they are
(D) whales, porpoises, and dolphins as being more closely related to some of the oldest known
even-toed ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today includes cows, camels, pigs, and
hippos--as they are
(E) whales, porpoises, and dolphins as more closely related to some of the oldest known even-toed
ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today include cows, camels, pigs, and hippos--than

句子结构:According to…, …discoveries... show that whales… are more closedly related to… than
to…

A new hair-growing drug is being sold for three times the price, permilligram, as the drug’smaker charges for another product with the same active ingredient.
A.    as
B.    than
C.    that
D.    of what
E.    at which
GWD给的答案选C,可是我觉得应该选D。
D.three times  the price of what sb.charges for  sth.


C中that不知作什么成分,that不能引导非限定性定语从句,也不符合同位语从句的用法(一般是N.that中间不能用逗号隔开吧)


"It's been difficult the last two years notbeing on the show as I always had a great time and the last time that I did do it, it was such a brilliant year. So at some point of course I'm going to comeback and do the show



Thomas Eakins’ powerful style and his choices of subject—the advances in modern surgery, the discipline of sport, the strains of individuals in tension with society or even with themselves—was as disturbing to his own time as it is compelling for ours.
(A) was as disturbing to his own time as it is
(B) were as disturbing to his own time as they are
(C) has been as disturbing in his own time as they are
(D) had been as disturbing in his own time as it was
(E) have been as disturbing in his own time as


Diesel engines burn as much as 30 percent less fuel than gasoline engines of comparable size, as well as emitting far less carbon dioxide gas and far fewer of the other gases that have been implicated in global warming.
(A) of comparable size, as well as emitting far less carbon dioxide gas and far fewer of the other gases that have
(B) of comparable size, as well as emit far less carbon dioxide gas and far fewer of the other gases having
(C) of comparable size, and also they emit far fewer carbon dioxide and other gases that have
(D) that have a comparable size, and also they emit far less carbon dioxide gas and other gases that have
(E) that have a comparable size, as well as emitting far fewer carbon dioxide and other gases having         

The state religion of ancient China, which came into existence at least as far back as the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. to A.D. 220) and perhaps as early as the Western Zhou Dynasty (1050 B.C. to 771 B.C.), allowed only emperors performing the ritual worship of heaven, perceiving them as special links between the earthly and celestial realms.
A. only emperors performing the ritual worship of heaven, perceiving them as
B. only emperors to perform the ritual worship of heaven, with the perception of them being
C. the ritual worship of heaven to be performed only by emperors, who were perceived as
D. the ritual worship of heaven, performed by emperors only, with the perception of them as
E. the ritual worship of heaven as performed by emperors only, who were perceived to be


The automobile company announced that the average price of next year's models would decrease four-tenths of one percent, amounting to about $72, as compared with comparably equipped cars and trucks this year.
(A) The automobile company announced that the average price of next year's models would decrease four-tenths of one percent, amounting to about $72, as compared with comparably equipped cars and trucks this year.
(B) The automobile company announced that the average price of next year's cars and trucks would decrease four-tenths of one percent, or about $72, from that of comparably equipped models this year.
(C) The automobile company announced that there would be a decrease of four-tenths of one percent in next year's models' average price, or about $72, below this year's comparably equipped cars and trucks.
(D) Compared to comparably equipped models this year, the automobile company announced that the average price of next year's cars and trucks would decrease about $72, less by four-tenths of one percent.
(E) Contrasted with comparably equipped cars and trucks of this year, the automobile company announced that the average price of next year's models would decrease about $72, or four-tenths of one percent.


According to a survey of graduating medical students conducted by the Association of American Medical Colleges, minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice in socioeconomically deprived areas.
(A) minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than are other graduates in planning to practice
(B) minority graduates are nearly four times more likely than other graduates who plan on practicing
(C) minority graduates are nearly four times as likely as other graduates to plan on practicing
(D) it is nearly four times more likely that minority graduates rather than other graduates will plan to practice
(E) it is nearly four times as likely for minority graduates than other graduates to plan to practice

A patient accusing a doctor of malpractice will find it difficult to prove damage if there is a lack of some other doctor to testify about proper medical procedures.
(A) if there is a lack of some other doctor to testify
(B) unless there will be another doctor to testify
(C) without another doctor's testimony
(D) should there be no testimony from some other doctor
(E) lacking another doctor to testify


From the bark of the paper birch tree the Menomini crafted a canoe about twenty feet long and two feet wide, with small ribs and rails of cedar, which could carry four persons or eight hundred pounds of baggage so light that a person could easily portage it around impeding rapids.
(A) baggage so light
(B) baggage being so light
(C) baggage, yet being so light
(D) baggage, and so light
(E) baggage yet was so light


In Hungary, as in much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women work, many of which are in middle management and light industry.
A.        as in much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women work, many of which are in
B.        as with much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women works, many in
C.        as in much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women work, many of them in.
D.        like much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women works, and many are.
E.        like much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women work, many are in.


Because the enemy’s new ship is thequietest and therefore the mostelusive submarine, it is being increasingly viewed by the militaryas a threat to security. (A-P1-162)

这里的it is being 做什么成分?修饰submarine么?  那为什么要加it呢? therefore后面的SOV结构是什么呢?麻烦高人指点一下。。。


Cooperative apartment houses have thepeculiar distinction of beingdwelling that must also operate as business.


A new study suggests that the conversational pace of everyday life may be so brisk it hampers the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words and, the result is, to make sense of speech.


(A)it hampers the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words and, the result is, to make
(B)that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words and, as a result, to make
(C)that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words and, the result of this, they are unable to make
(D)that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words, and results in not making
(E)as to hamper the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words, resulting in being unable to make

Both the Federal Reserve’s decision that borrowing rates be raised, along with investor’s speculation that another increase might be on the way, helped bolster the dollar in recent weeks by making deposits more attractive.

  • that borrowing rates be raised, along with investor’s speculation that another increase might be on the way, helped bolster the dollar in recent weeks by making
  • that borrowing rates be raised and investors’ speculation of possibly another increase on the way helped to bolster the dollar in recent weeks because they made
  • to raise borrowing rates and investors’ speculation that another increase might be on the way helped to bolster the dollar in recent weeks by making
  • to raise borrowing rates, along with investors’ speculation that another increase might be on the way, helped bolster the dollar in recent weeks because it made
  • to raise borrowing rates and investors’ speculation of possibly another increase on the way helped bolster the dollar in recent weeks because they made

In virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism’s trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical that is irritating it.
(A) trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical that is irritating it
(B) trying that it metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant
(C) attempt to try to metabolize, or render harmless, such a chemical irritant
(D) attempt to try and metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritating it
(E) attempt to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant           

            
Yellow jackets number among the 900 or so species of the world’s social wasps, wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where they consist almost entirely of females—the queen and her sterile female workers.

  • wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where they consist almost entirely of
  • wasps that live in a highly cooperative and organized society consisting almost entirely of
  • which means they live in a highly cooperative and organized society, almost all
  • which means that their society is highly cooperative, organized, and it is almost entirely
  • living in a society that is highly cooperative, organized, and it consists of almost all

.In one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought at Sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beaches of Normandy during D-Day.


A) Americans were killed as
(B) Americans were killed than
(C) Americans were killed than those who
(D) more Americans were killed as there
(E) more Americans were killed as those who

There are no legal limits, as there are for cod and haddock, on the size of monkfish that can be caught, a circumstance that contributes to their depletion through overfishing.
A. .There are no legal limits, as there are for cod and haddock, on the size of monkfish that can be caught, a circumstance that contributes to their depletion through overfishing.
B.. There are no legal limits on the size of monkfish that can be caught, unlike cod or haddock, a circumstance that contributes to depleting them because they are being overfished
C.. There are legal limits on the size of cod and haddock that can be caught, but not for monkfish, which contributes to its depletion through overfishing.
D..Unlike cod and haddock, there are no legal size limits on catching monkfish, which contributes to its depletion by being overfished.
E. .Unlike catching cod and haddock, there are no legal size limits on catching monkfish, contributing to their depletion because they are overfished.


According to some analysts, whatever its merits, the proposal to tax away all capital gains on short-term investments would, if enacted, have a disastrous effect on Wall Street trading and employment.

(A) its merits, the proposal to tax
(B) its merits may be, the proposal of taxing
(C) its merits as a proposal, taxing
(D) the proposal's merits, to tax
(E) the proposal's merits are, taxing

Because of the Sun, which is 400 times larger than the Moon, but also 400 times farther away from Earth, so both the Sun and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky.
A. Because of the Sun, which is 400 times larger than the Moon, but also 400 times farther away from Earth, so both the Sun and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky.
B. The Sun, which is 400 times larger than the Moon, is also 400 times farther away from Earth, so the Sun and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky.
C. The Sun and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky because the Sun, which is 400 times larger than the Moon, and also 400 times farther away from Earth.
D. Four hundred times larger than the Moon and 400 times farther away from Earth, the Sun has the same apparent size in the sky as the Moon's.
E. Four hundred times larger than the Moon and also 400 times farther away from Earth, so the Sun in the sky has the same apparent size as the Moon.


Research during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes that produce and make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity.
(A) that produce and make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity
(B) of producing and understanding it have revealed not underlying simplicity but great complexity
(C) by which it is produced and understood has revealed not underlying simplicity but great complexity
(D) by which it is produced and understood have revealed great complexity rather than underlying simplicity
(E) by which one produces and understands it have revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity


There areseveral ways to build solid walls using just mud or clay, but the mostextensively used method has been the forming of bricks out of mud or clav. and,after some preliminary air drying or sun drying, thev are laid in the wall inmud mortar.

(A) the formingof bricks out of mud or clay, and, after some preliminary air drying or sundrying, they are laid
(B) forming themud or clay into bricks, and, after some preliminary air drying or sun drying,to lay them
(C) havingbricks formed from mud or clay, and, after some preliminary air drying or sundrying, they were laid
(D) to form themud or clay into bricks, and, after some preliminary air drying or sun drying,to lay them
(E) that brickswere formed from mud or clay, which, after some preliminary air drying or sundrying, were laid            

         

Affording strategic proximity to the strait of Gibraltar, Morocco was also of interest to the French throughout the first half of the twentieth century because they assumed that if they did not hold it, their grip on Algeria was always insecure.

(A) if they did not hold it, their grip on Algeria was always insecure
(B) without it their grip on Algeria would never be secure
(C) their grip on Algeria was not ever secure if they did not hold it
(D) without that, they could never be secure about their grip on Algeria
(E) never would their grip on Algeria be secure if they did not hold it


The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological response.
A) that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses.
B) that create unconscious physiological responses in turn.
C) creating, in turn, unconscious physiological responses.
D) to create, in turn, physiological responses that are unconscious.
E) who creates unconscious physiological responses in turn



Fossils of the arm of a sloth found in Puerto Rico in 1991, and dated at 34 million years old, made it the earliest known mammal of the Greater Antilles islands.
A. sloth found in Puerto Rico in 1991, and dated at 34 million years old, made it the earliest known mammal of
B. sloth, that they found in Puerto Rico in 1991, has been dated at 34 million years old, thus making it the earliest mammal known on
C. sloth that was found in Puerto Rico in 1991, was dated at 34 million years old, making this the earliest known mammal of
D. sloth, found in Puerto Rico in 1991, have been dated at 34 million years old, making the sloth the earliest known mammal on
E. sloth which, found in Puerto Rico in 1991, was dated at 34 million years old, made the sloth the earliest known mammal of
完成时态后Ving

The noemative model of strategic decision -making suggests that executives examine a firm's external environment and internal conditions , and in using the set of objective criteria they derive from these analyses, can decide on a strategy.

A  conditions , and in using the set of objective criteria they derive from these analyses, can decide
B.conditions , and they use the set of objective criteria derived from these analyses in deciding
C conditions and, in using the set of objective criteria derived from these analyses, deciding
D conditions and, using the set of objective criteria derived from these analyses,  decide
E conditions and, in their  use of  the set of objective criteria they derive from these analyses, they decide


A survey by the National Council of Churches showed that in 1986 there were 20,736 female ministers, almost 9 percent of the nation’s clergy, twice as much as 1977.
  • twice as much as 1977
  • twice as many as 1977
  • double what it was in 1977
  • double the figure for 1977
  • a number double that of 1977’s


While it costs about the same to run nuclear plants as other types of power plants, it is the fixed costs that stem from building nuclear plants that makes it more expensive for them to generate electricity.

(A)While it costs about the same to run nuclear plants as other types of powerplants, it is the fixed costs that stem from building nuclear plants that makesit more expensivefor them to generate electricity.
(B)While the cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as for other typesof power plants, the fixed costs that stem from building nuclear plants makethe electricity they generate more expensive.
(C)Even though it costs about the same to run nuclear plants as for other types ofpower plants, it is the fixed coststhat stem from building nuclear plants thatmakes the electricitthey generate more expensive.
(D)It costs about the same to run nuclear plants as for other types of powerplants, whereas the electricity they generate is more expensive, stemming fromthe fixed costsof building nuclear plants.
(E)The cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as other types of powerplants, but the electricity they generate is made more expensive because of thefixed costs stemming from building nuclear plants



Although many Whites, noting the presence of some Blacks in the middle class, think that the time for enforcing civil rights measures is past, Blacks generally are aware that the figures for average income and unemployment show as wide of a radical discrepancy as ever.
(A) that the figures for average income and unemployment show as wide of
(B) that average-income and unemployment figures show as wide
(C) that the average-income and unemployment figures are showing as wide of
(D) of average-income and unemployment figures that show as wide of
(E) of figures for average income and unemployment showing as wide


These smaller resorts generally don't have as wide ofrange of lodging possibilities

Though subject to the same wild-animal control efforts that killed off almost all the wolves in North America over the past century, the coyote’s amazing ability of adapting to the presence of humans has enabled it to expend its range into Alaska and Central America.
A.    coyote’s amazing ability of adapting to the presence of humans has enabled it to expend its
B.    coyote, because of its amazing ability of adapting to the presence of humans, have been able to expand their
C.    coyote, because of its amazing ability to adapt to the presence of humans, has been able to expand its
D.    amazing ability of the coyote to adapt to the presence of humans have enabled it to expand the
E.     amazing ability of the coyote to adapt to the presence of humans has enabled it to expand the


amazing ability of the coyote to adapt to the presence of humans have enabled it to expand the 这里粗体部分是错误的语法吗?为什么呢
the influence of women on ……为什么就是正确的呢,


In the present case the owners did not expressly license the use of the land by the public

The market for recycled commodities like aluminum and other metals remain strong despite economic changes in the recycling industry.
C. commodities such as aluminum and other metals remains
E. commodities, like the commodities of aluminum and other metals, remains

Besides adding complementary flavors to many foods, hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, just as exercise does, and these have a pain-relieving effect like morphine's.
注意此处like的用法和上句like的用法


Nikola Tesla, the inventor of alternatingcurrent, because he was excited with the prospects of harnessing Niagara Falls for producingelectric power, he predicted in themid-1890's that
electricity generated at Niagara wouldone day power the streetcars of London and the streetlights of Paris.
(A) Nikola Tesla, the inventor ofalternating current, because he was excited with the prospects of harnessing Niagara Falls for producingelectric power, he
(B) The prospects of harnessing NiagaraFalls to produce electric power was exciting to Nikola Tesla, the inventor of alternatingcurrent, and so he
(C) Excited about the prospects ofharnessing Niagara Falls to produce electric power, Nikola Tesla, the inventor of alternatingcurrent,
(D) Nikola Tesla, the inventor ofalternating current, excited about the prospects of harnessing Niagara Falls for the production ofelectric power and
(E) The inventor of alternating current,excited with the prospects of harnessing Niagara Falls for producing of electric power, NikolaTesla  



The National Transportation Safety Board has recommended the use of fail-safe mechanisms on airliner
cargo door latches assuring the doors are properly closed before takeoff and to prevent them from popping
open in flight.
(A) assuring the doors are properly closed
(B) for the assurance of proper closing
(C) assuring proper closure
(D) to assure closing the doors properly
(E) to assure that the doors are properly closed   E



Turning away from literary realism to write romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, in 1909 Selma Lagerlof was the novelist who became the first woman and was also the first Swedish writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature.
d
A.      Turning away from literary realism to write romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, in 1909 Selma Lagerlof was the novelist who became the first woman and was also the first Swedish writer to win
B.      She turned away from literary realism and wrote romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, and novelist Selma Lagerlof in 1909 became the first woman as well as the first Swedish writer that won
C.      Selma Lagerlof was a novelist who turned away from literary realism to write romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, and in 1909 she became the first woman in addition to the first Swedish writer winning
D.      A novelist who turned away from literary realism to write romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, Selma Lagerlof became in 1909 the first woman and also the first Swedish writer to win
E.       As novelist, Selma Lagerlof turned away from literary realism and wrote romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, in 1909 becoming the first woman and also the first Swedish write that won

A study of food resources in the North Pacific between 1989 and 1996 revealed that creatures of the seabed were suffering from dwindling food supplies, possibly resulting from increasing sea surface temperatures during the same period.

A  that creatures of the seabed were suffering form dwindling food supplies, possiby resulting from increasing
B  that creatures of the seabed were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, possibly as a result of an increase in
C  that creatures of the seabed were suffering because of food supplies, which were dwindling possibly as a result of increasing
D  creatures of the seabed that were suffering from food supplies that were dwindling, possibly resulting form an increase in
E  creatures of the seabed that were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, which possibly resulted from increasing



India, like Italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian food comprises many different styles of cooking, with each a product of their regional influences, from the fiery vegetarian dishes of the south to the Portuguese-influenced Goan cooking of the west, to the more familiar Mogul food of the north.
  • Awith each a product of their
  • Bwith each as a product of its
  • Ceach products of their
  • Deach a product of
  • Eeach products of


NASA’s methodical approach to theexploration of Mars has not yet answered the questions of whether biologicallife forms ever emerged on Mars and whether, presuming such life formshaving left fossil traces to begin with, those traces can still exist insome moist recesses of the cold and arid planet.

A.      and whether, presumingsuch life forms having left fossil traces to begin with, those traces can
B.      and whether, if it ispresumed that such life forms left some fossil traces to begin with, can thosetraces
C.      and whether, presumingsuch life forms left fossil traces to begin with, those traces
D.      and, presuming such lifeforms did leave some fossil traces to begin with, if they can
E.       and, presuming such lifeforms to have left fossil traces to begin with, if they


(The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel allows scientists to examine molars of prehuman ancestors and determining) that their diets were more varied than had been supposed.

(A) The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel allows scientists to examine molars of prehuman ancestors and determining
(B) Through the application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, the molars of prehuman ancestors were examined by scientists who determined     为什么错误?
(C) When they applied a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists examined molars of prehuman ancestors, determining
(D) Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, the molars of prehuman ancestors have been examined by scientists, who determined
(E) Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists have examined molars of prehuman ancestors and determined


The nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus. 岐义
(A) The nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.
(B) To the historian Tacitus, the nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote two letters, being the only eyewitness accounts of the great eruption of Vesuvius.
(C) The only eyewitness account is in two letters by the nephew of Pliny the Elder writing to the historian Tacitus an account of the great eruption of Vesuvius.
(D) Writing the only eyewitness account, Pliny the Elder’s nephew accounted for the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.(E)
(E) In two letters to the historian Tacitus, the nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius


As sources of electrical power, windmills now account for only about 2,500 megawatts nationwide, but production is almost expected to double by the end of the year, which would provide enough electricity for 1.3 million households.
A almost expected to double by the end of the year, which would provide
B almost expected that it will double by the end of the year, thus providing
C expected that it will almost double by the end of the year to provide 歧义     

D expected almost to double by the end of the year and thus to provide
E expected almost to double by the end of the year, which would thus be providing

为什么会出现歧义表语后介词短语作状语有定语的歧义,为什么状语后不不定式会有定语歧义
is expected that it will almost double by the end of the year to provide

That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said that it is their fault
: Alvin Toffler, one of the most prominent students of the future, did not even mention microcomputers in Future Shock, published in 1970.
(A) That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said that it is their fault
(B) That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said to be at fault
(C) It can hardly be said that it is the fault of educators who have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology
(D) It can hardly be said that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology
(E) The fact that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said


In the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, the United States acquired 828,000 square miles for about four cents an acre, which more than doubled the country's size and that brought its western border within reach of the Pacific Ocean.
A. In the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, the United States acquired 828,000 square miles for about four cents an acre, which more than doubled the country's size and that brought
B. For about four cents an acre the United States acquired, in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, 828,000 square miles, more than doubling the country's size and it brought
C. With the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the United States acquired 828,000 square miles for about four cents an acre, more than doubling its size and bringing
D. The United States, in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, for about four cents an acre, acquired 828,000 square miles, more than doubling the country's size, bringing
E. Acquiring 828,000 square miles in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, the United States bought it for about four cents an acre, more than doubling the country's size and bringing

The fact of some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably on a spectrum of genetic relatedness.
A.        The fact of some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably
B.        That some fraternal twins resemble each other greatly while others look quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely that they vary considerably
C.        With some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar, it highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely considerable variation
D.        With some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar, it is a fact that highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely a considerable variation        
E.        Because some fraternal twins resemble each other greatly and others look quite dissimilar, this fact highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably


Ascrub jay can remember when it cached a particular piece of food in aparticular place, researchers have discovered, and tend not to bother torecover a perishable treat if stored long enough to have rotted.
A.tend not to bother to recover a perishable treat if
B.they tend not to bother recovering a perishable treat
C.tending not to bother to recover a perishable treat it
D.tends not to bother recovering a perishable treat
E.tends not bothering to recover a perishable treat it

research have discovered that ascrub jay can remember when it …… 宾语从句提前



The spraying of pesticides can be carefully planned, but accidents, weather conditions that could not be foreseen, and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than they had anticipated.
A.    weather conditions that could not be foreseen, and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than they had
B.    weather conditions that cannot be foreseen, and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than
C.    unforeseeable weather conditions, and pilot errors are the cause of much larger deposits of spray than they had
D.    weather conditions that are not foreseeable, and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than
E.     unforeseeable weather conditions, and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than they had

A that …… and B often cause ……



地板
发表于 2013-5-23 09:26:10 | 只看该作者
非NN
on这个介词比较灵活,除了表时间,还有很多其他的用法,on the group, on the staff我觉得是表示一种所处的状态或所具有的特征。正如词典中的英文解释,就是表达了某人所处的一种状态和特征。
5#
发表于 2013-5-23 10:26:58 | 只看该作者
on" used to show when someone is a member of a group or organization:  这句话你focus 在when上就错了啊。。这个解释只是说 on是用来表示一个人属于一个群体或组织,就这个意思,而不是非要翻译成 用来表示 当一个人属于。。的时候。 不是强调时间啊。。感觉是强调这件事存在的状态。牛津和剑桥意思都是一样的没有你说那个意思啊。
6#
 楼主| 发表于 2013-5-23 15:22:13 | 只看该作者
对,不怕不知道:就怕直到得是错误的。多年来我一直错了
7#
发表于 2013-5-23 18:13:17 | 只看该作者
这里的when需要翻译为是当什么什么的时候,大致就是说当一个人是一个组织的成员的时候,用on the group来表示
8#
 楼主| 发表于 2013-5-23 18:15:52 | 只看该作者
切尔西 发表于 2013-5-23 18:13
这里的when需要翻译为是当什么什么的时候,大致就是说当一个人是一个组织的成员的时候,用on the group来表 ...

我现在相信,我已经理解了,但是这个问题其实不太容易说清楚。
我在另一个求助贴里版主回答了我,对这个问题我很好奇别人是不是都像我一样多年来一直理解错了
9#
发表于 2013-5-23 18:21:47 | 只看该作者
enkyklios 发表于 2013-5-23 18:15
我现在相信,我已经理解了,但是这个问题其实不太容易说清楚。
我在另一个求助贴里版主回答了我,对这个 ...

呵呵,会有和你理解一样的人都吧,其实英语的理解上,建议不要太过单一的记忆单词的意思呢,在不同的场合用不同的中文来和词所在的语言环境搭配,会让你理解的更顺畅的,加油
10#
 楼主| 发表于 2013-5-23 18:24:48 | 只看该作者
切尔西 发表于 2013-5-23 18:21
呵呵,会有和你理解一样的人都吧,其实英语的理解上,建议不要太过单一的记忆单词的意思呢,在不同的场合 ...

解读OG11-50既大全643的OG注释
[size=1em] 一直觉得这题大家的讨论好像都是模模糊糊的,OG的解释也似乎很高深,大全解释也很简单,也许这题太容易的缘故吧,反正我是怎么都读不顺,干脆一点点拆解它,结合CDers的意见,对这题作个回顾,希望大家批评指正。
[size=1em]That educators have not anticipated the impact
                of microcomputer technology can hardly be
            
said that it is their fault: Alvin Toffler, one of the most prominent students of the future, did not even mention microcomputers in
                Future Shock, published in 1970.


[size=1em](A)        That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said that it is their fault


[size=1em](B)         That educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said to be at fault


[size=1em](C)         It can hardly be said that it is the fault of educators who have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology


[size=1em](D)        It can hardly be said that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology


[size=1em](E)         The fact that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said


[size=1em]Grammatical construction


[size=1em]Although it is possible to begin a sentence with a subordinate clause beginning with that, this inverted
                construction often results in errors such as those found here. In the original sentence, the subordinate clause that ... technology is followed by the main verb, can ... be said, but then the verb is followed by yet another subordinate clause, that it is their fault. The best way to solve this problem is by putting the sentence in the expected order, with the main clause (It can hardly be said) preceding the subordinate clause (that ... )
根据OG的这句话得出正确的句子顺序应该是:It can hardly be said that educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology and that it is their faultit指上一个that从句整个句意). For greater clarity and concision, the two subordinate clauses should be condensed into one: educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology.


[size=1em]
[size=1em]

[size=1em]A  Inverting the usual order results in an ungrammatical construction in which the main verb is both preceded and followed by a
[size=1em]subordinate clause


[size=1em]CDer:第二个it这里应该是作为形式主语,但是也会被误解为代词,如果是代词则没有了指代对象,所以形式主语一般都
[size=1em]要放句首,所以A就是容易引起歧义的典型错误。


[size=1em]我:根据OG解释还原语序被inverted前的句子应该是:It can hardly be said that educators have not anticipated the impact of
[size=1em]microcomputer technology and that it is their fault(it可指上一个that从句整个句意,但易引起指代误会)。这样看A的错误是不是就清
[size=1em]楚一些呢?


[size=1em]
[size=1em]

[size=1em]B Can hardly be said to be at fault does not grammatically complete the subordinate clause


[size=1em]CDerB不完整的原因如下:转换成主动语态角度看:(sb.) can say that educators have not anticipated the impact of microcomputer technology to be at fault. to前面已经是完整的句子,to be at fault连在后面就错了。


[size=1em]我:sb be said to be sth/to do sth it can be said that都是say的习惯用法,但是否可以sb be said to be at fault(一个人+被说+有责任)不确定,而that…be said to be at fault就不是say的习惯用法了,没有习惯用法,就得在语法上用句子来完成句意,这样来看to be at fault不能表达一个句子才能表达的完整意思,没有主语,没有谓语,不知道谁to be at faultOG认为educators are at fault或者it is their fault才算grammatically complete


[size=1em]
[size=1em]

[size=1em]C Construction that it is ... who have not is wordy and awkward(见后面解释); it also distorts
               


[size=1em]meaning(指改变原句重心educator->fault)and lacks completion(指强调句型没有完成。因为OG认为


[size=1em]正确的句子应该是这样的: It can hardly be said that it is educators who are at fault for not


[size=1em]anticipating the impact of
            microcomputer technology,
但是it is educators who are…因为wordy被替


[size=1em]换为正确选项中的educators are at fault…)


[size=1em]
[size=1em]

[size=1em]D Correct. This sentence has the main clause followed by one subordinate clause correctly introduced by that.


[size=1em]It 是形式主语,真正主语是that从句,如果不考虑原句需要强调的hardly,将被动态转变成主动语态应该是:Some people say that educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology


[size=1em]
[size=1em]

[size=1em]E The fact is wordyfact抽象概括从句的内容,OG认为在本句中不适合); the inverted construction


[size=1em]does not successfully convey the meaning of the sentence


[size=1em]句子The fact … can hardly be said被动语态不能传递原句意,也就是所即使去掉the fact,修改为主语从句+can hardly be said:That educators are at fault for not anticipating the impact of microcomputer technology can hardly be said也是不对的。但是作为母语非英语的人士,我觉得这句用被动态也挺好,真是读不出来和正确答案语感上的差别。


[size=1em]
[size=1em]

[size=1em]
[size=1em]

[size=1em]补充:


[size=1em]at fault adv.感到困惑、有故障 /出了毛病应受责备if someone is at fault, they are responsible for something bad that has happened,


[size=1em]eg.Some people claim that it is the UN that is at fault.


[size=1em]
[size=1em]

[size=1em]
[size=1em]

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