【捉急】几个with+n.+that的结构的题目，open to discuz！

wangjieava23

在prep08 155下面的补充说明里（英文）说，独立主格是修饰整个句子，而不是某个词语
而且with型的独立主格结构和主句是有紧密的逻辑关系的

第一个问题：那么with型的独立主格结构有逻辑主语吗？如何判定逻辑主语？是主句主语吗？
我想把这个问题变成两问：1. 是不是所有with+noun+ved/ving 都是独立主格？其他形式with+noun算不算独立主格？或者with独立主格这种说法本身就有问题？
                                 2. 什么时候with+noun+ved/ving 需要逻辑主语与主句主语一致，什么时候不需要与主语主语一致？

答1: 我挺困惑这个问题的。我看manhattan语法书上说，我只是找到了absolute phrase 这个语法术语，但是这个语法没有包括with，只是“mian clause, noun that...”这样的语法结构。而beatlegmat, manhattan论坛上，对于with的用法也主要集中在它是一个propositional phrase, 可以作为adverb modifier 修饰preceding clause，或者修饰verb。我查查关于with独立主格这种说法，应该是来自国内的语法知识，但是基于gmat只考gmat语法，我对with独立主格这样说法很质疑。

答2: with+noun(ved/ving，以及其他形式，我都归结为修饰语）什么时候都要判断逻辑主语的。with在句首引导原因状语，需要与主句主语一致；做adjective modifier时，可以找到名词；做adver modifier时，也可以找到preceding clause, 或preceding verb.

然后是PREP笔记里面的知识点：

注意点：独立主格并不包括“with + n. + 定语从句”和“n. + 定语从句”的形式，这个形式做的是非限定性修饰前面名词的定语，因为这个形式就相当于n, with + n.，或者是n., n. + that概括性同位语。

问题是从这道题目的解释开始的。。
191. (GWD-10-Q24)
For the last five years the Dutch economy has grown faster than Britain,France, or Germany, with the unemployment rate having remained well below that of the other threecountries.
A.Britain, France,or Germany,with the unemployment rate having remained
B.havethose of Britain, France, or Germany, and the unemployment rateremaining
C.have Britain,France, and Germany, andthe unemployment rate has remained
D.the economy of Britain,France, and Germany, with the unemployment rate that has remained (E)
E.theeconomies of Britain, France, and Germany, and the unemployment rate has remained
答案是E

Aeoluseros NN对D的看法：首先D最大的错误仅进在于后面with引导的伴随状语的逻辑主语Dutcheconomy错误
我的理解是此处的逻辑主语应该是Dutch而不是Dutch economy

我也觉得逻辑主语是Dutch economy. 总之，with的弹跳力很好，这里已经是在修饰前句主语了。

第二个问题：with+n+that这种非独立主格结构也需要有逻辑主语？也是主句主语？

193. (T-3-Q2)

As the honeybee’s stinger is heavily barbed,staying where it is inserted, this results in the act of stinging causing the bee to sustain a fatal injury.
A.As the honeybee’s stinger is heavily barbed, staying where it is inserted, thisresults in the act of stinging causing
B.As the heavily barbed stinger of the honeybee stays where it is inserted, with theresult that the act of stinging causes
C.Thehoneybee’s stinger, heavily barbed and staying where it is inserted, results inthe fact that the act of stinging causes
D.The heavily barbed stinger of the honeybee stayswhere it is inserted, and results in the act of stinging causing      
E.Thehoneybee’s stinger is heavily barbed and stays where it is inserted, with theresult that the act of stinging causes
答案是E，此处也是with+n+that的非独立主格结构

这里的with a result, prositional phrase, as an adverb modifier, 修饰前句。虽然这个句子不是大家一直说with+noun+ving/ved这样“独立主格”，但是我在意思上怎么觉得更接近manhattan书上的 absolute phrase.


第三个问题来了，那么这里的逻辑主语是谁呢？难道是honeybee’s stinger吗？不是与上一题的解释矛盾了吗？

T-3-Q19.

A Swiss government panel recommended that the country sell about half of its gold reserves and this raised fears of othercountries that do the same and inundate the market.

A.reserves and this raised fears of othercountries that

B.reserves, which, as a result, raised fearsof other countries that

C.reserves, as a result, they feared thatother countries would
D.reserves, with fears raised that other countries would
E.reserves, raising fears that other countries would

此题答案选E，我选了D——是因为上一题留给我的印象使然。虽然我知道E选项里raising...可以做伴随状语表结果，但是我认为这里would是必要的，因为other counties do the same and inundate the market是一种fear，是推测发生的事情

不知道D选项错在哪儿了？难道又是因为逻辑主语？？

关于D，raised需要去掉吧。
A Swiss government panel recommened that the country sell about half of its gold reserves, with fears that other countries would do the same and inundate the market.
with的逻辑主语是： A Swiss government panel.
这句话的意思是：这个government panel 提建议的时候，伴随着某种担心。是panel在担心。

A Swiss goverment panel recommened that the country sell about half of its gold reserves, raising fears that other countries would do the same and inundate the market.
这句话的意思是：这个government panel 提出一个建议。提建议这个动作造成一个结果，引发了什么什么担心。

同时，HOSEPIPE BANS affecting 20 million households in southern and eastern England have come into force, with fears that restrictions may have to be toughened in coming months because of severe shortages.
The Chinese government required Sina and Tencent to temporarily disable commenting functions on their microblogs, with fears that web users may spread political rumors following the sidelining of Bo Xilai.

第一句话，我真没有看懂，能帮我解释解释吗？是谁在担心呀？感觉这个句子有些类似，honey bee 这道题，但是我不是很吃得准。第二句话，很像第三题，可以说with fears 的逻辑主语是The Chinese goverment.


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总结一下吧，honey bee 这题的with是修饰前句；其余两题，with也是修饰前句，但是与前句主语有着明显的对应关系。

大家拍吧，不拍不热闹。看看我错多少。

-- by 会员 plainn (2012/3/31 17:34:59)

wangjieava23

顶顶。大家看看呀

gxcgy

同想知道