【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-1】

daisyの小夢想

占位先吧~~开始跟逻辑~~~
发现逻辑跟之前的不太一样。。。。希望分析的别太离谱~~~

-- by 会员 CHRISTINE2010 (2011/11/20 17:17:04)

 哈哈 没事没事 我们欢迎各种想象 想当初@fox @bat @抓 等等 我们都是天马行空的，当我们中谁写得实在不靠谱时，就会有另一个谁出来指正我们例如某bat，然后再一起讨论分析，所以慢慢就会靠谱了。所以我们有问题可以尽管提出来噢！
 还有(爆笑)记得有人问我们 为什么越障能写那么长的回忆，我们说 我们是各种添油加醋的。
 纯粹欢乐一个~~呵呵。

qiuhua01234567

精炼 -- 30s---weaken
Premise：Carl only solve 1 out of 25 cases in the past 3 years

Conclusion: Carl is incompetent detective

Analysis：

A) Because the police chief regards Carl as the
most capable detective, she assigns him only
the most difficult cases, ones that others have
failed to solve.
-------------------------------------------------------------正确，补全gap.

(B) Before he became a detective, Carl was a
neighborhood police officer and was highly
respected by the residents of the
neighborhood he patrolled.
---------------------------------------------------------------只是说明了以前的地位。无关。.
(C) Detectives on the police force on which Carl
serves are provided with extensive resources,
including the use of a large computer
database, to help them solve crimes.
-----------------------------------------------------------这个支持没有削弱
(D) Carl was previously a detective in a police
department in another city, and in the 4 years
he spent there, he solved only 1 out of 30
crimes.
----------------------------------------------------------过去不代表现在，没有说服性。

(E) Many of the officers in the police department in
which Carl serves were hired or promoted
within the last 5 years.
---------------------------------------------------------------无关选项。

逻辑链

2weaken 25S

Background：

Although fullerenes--spherical molecules made entirely of carbon--were first found in the laboratory, they have since been found in nature, formed in fissures of the rare mineral shungite

Premise：

Since laboratory synthesis of fullerenes requires distinctive conditions of temperature and pressure,

Conclusion：

this discovery should give geologists a test case for evaluating hypotheses about the state of the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed.

3：weaken 27S

Backgound：

Economist:  On average, the emergency treatment for an elderly person for injuries resulting from a fall costs $11,000.  A new therapeutic program can significantly reduce an elderly person's chances of falling

Premise：obviously desirable for many reasons, this treatment program will cost $12,500

Conclusion：thus cannot be justified

4support 30s

Background：

The prairie vole, a small North American grassland rodent, breeds year-round, and a group of voles living together consists primarily of an extended family, often including two or more litters.

Premise：The seasonal variation in group size can probably be explained by a seasonal variation in mortality among young voles.

Conclusion：Voles commonly live in large groups from late autumn through winter; from spring through early autumn, however, most voles live in far smaller groups

5explain 30S

Background A popular beach has long had a dolphin feeding program in which fish are given to dolphins several times a day; many dolphins get as much as half of their food each day there.

Premise：dolphins that first benefit from the program as adults are healthy and long-lived

Conclusion：their offspring have a lower life expectancy than offspring of dolphins that feed exclusively in the wild.：
在同舍友无尽的摧残下做的，真不淡定，吵死了，可能错很多，明天继续。不回宿舍做了

fox0923

看到大家的参与真的是很开心，证明这个逻辑小分队存在的重要性。

风无衣

【精炼1-1】
25s
conclusion:Carl is an incompetent detective.
premise:He only solve 1 out of  25 cases assigned to him in past 3 years~a smaller percentage than any other detective on the police force

weaken：my idea:the cases assigned to Carl is much more difficult to solve than other cases.
              pay attention: in the past 3 years.

A：the same with my idea~hiahia~
B：irrelevant
C：irrelevant
D：在另一个城市四年的破案率不能weaken conclusion~不能说明carl是一个competent的侦探~
E：irrelevant

【逻辑链1-1】
2、weaken_25s
background information:Although F first found in lab, they have since been found in nature_formed in shungite~
premise:in lab, synthesis of F required distinctive conditions of temperature and  pressure~
conclusion:this discovery can help geologists evaluate hypotheses about the state of the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed~
D

3、weaken_43s
average emergency cost for eldly people for injures_$11000
a program can reduce the eldly people's chances of falling
this treatment program will cost $12500
conclusion:the program thus cannot be justified.
C

4、support_39s
premise:Voles commonly live in large groups from late autumn through winter; from spring through early autumn, however, most voles live in far smaller groups.
conclusion:The seasonal variation in group size can probably be explained by a seasonal variation in mortality among young voles.
因果型加强，focus on the conclusion~
E

5、explain_28s
background information: a dolphin feeding program  in which fish are given to dolphins several times a day; many dolphins get as much as half of their food each day there~
conclusion:尽管最初从这个项目受益的成年海豚都很健康长寿，但是他们的后代的期望寿命比完全野生的海豚低~
E

chensong211

看到大家的参与真的是很开心，证明这个逻辑小分队存在的重要性。

-- by 会员 fox0923 (2011/11/21 1:06:27)

跟了两天逻辑小分队，很受用，很期待每天做5道题目。

zz42050524

1-1
精炼
1）计时 27s
2)逻辑链
Premise: Carl solve smaller percentage (1-25) cases assigned to him than other detectives.
Conclusion: Carl is a incompetent detective.
3）推测
The low percentage data 不等于 incompetent, may be the cases assigned to Carl are extremely difficult and were rejected by other detectives.
4)选项分析：
A，基本和我预测的一致，HOHO
B和carl侦探能力完全没有关系
C信息的全面和设备的便利丝毫没有提到前提的破案百分比，也和能力无关。
D 这个一个support ，
E 其他人的雇佣时间和前提内容没有交叉

逻辑链
2. weaken
1）计时：37
2）逻辑链
Background：F is made of carbon.
P:F is founded in nature. Need various conditions.
C; 根据实验室情况推出自然F形成的环境。
3）推测
做过了————两个F的结构不一样，结论是一个2个不同地方的F的推理，weaken点在两者的差异
(A) Confirming that the shungite genuinely contained fullerenes took careful experimentation.
无关，没有提到两者
(B) Some fullerenes have also been found on the remains of a small meteorite that collided with a spacecraft.
另外一种F和文中两者无关
(C) The mineral shungite itself contains large amounts of carbon, from which the fullerenes apparently formed.
还是直说自然界F的形成，没有两者的问题
(D) The naturally occurring fullerenes are arranged in a previously unknown crystalline structure.
潜台词是lab里的F制作而成，结构肯定已知，两者对比，有差异
(E) Shungite itself is formed only under distinctive conditions.
Support

3. 40s weaken
P: Treatment of a fall cost xxx. A program to reduce the possibility of fall will cost yyy>xxx,
C: The program is unjustified.
推测：
The program costs more => C , weaken point: The program has some benefits that are more valuable.
(A) The long term followed indeed has some efforts, but dose not the bigger weaken point.
(B)无关program,无关题目
(C) Some more valuable benefits，that‘s it。
(D) Support。
(E) Support。

4. support 40s
P： Voles live with big groups from autumn to winter but with small groups from spring to autumn.
C: The seasonal mortality result in the circumstances.
推测：
Some details about the seasonal mortality or some seasonal active preyers of vole.

5. resolve the paradox 45s
P;  A program to feed dolphins near the beach makes the elder ones healthy and long lived but makes the offspring short life.
推测： why？ The program limits some ability of young dolphins .

今天才开始做，从1开始吧，英文表达不好就用中文。坚持

mrjihai

错一，总感觉逻辑能看懂难度就不大

ugly5552000

1、33’
Background: Carl is an incompetent detective.
Premise: in the past 3 years, he solved only 1 of the 25 cases that had been assigned to him.
Prephrase: to weaken the argument, the only case Carl has solved was the most difficult one for all other detectives in the past 3 years.
A

A: solving the case other detectives can not is enough to approve Carl is a competent detective.
B: this is irrelevant to the capability of Carl to solve cases.
C: the question is to weaken the argument, if working on the same level and being supplied with the same outfit, but with fewer achievements, this will prove Carl’s incompetence.
D: in 4 years solved only 1 out of 30 crimes, this shows Carl’s incompetence.
E: irrelevant to the question

2、Background: fullerenes, which are exist in nature, formed in fissures of the rare mineral shungite, were first found in the laboratory.
Premise: the artificial way of synthesis of fullerenes requires distinctive conditions of temperature and pressure. The discovery could test the hypotheses about the state of Earth’s crust at the time the natural fullerenes were formed.
Prephrase: the fullerenes in laboratory were formed accidentally, no one could remember the process.
1’26’’  D
A: the argument focuses on the synthesis of fullerenes, not confirming the shungite genuinely contained fullerenes.
B: it merely claims the discovery of fullerene in other places, irrelevant to the argument.
C: how fullerenes are formed naturally is not the point, irrelevant to the argument.
D: if fullerenes are arranged in crystalline structure, the conditions the arrangement will be different as expected, the test then will be invalid, this will undermine the argument.
E: if shungite is formed under distinctive conditions, the fullerenes are formed in those conditions either, which is in the same direction with the argument.

3、Background: it costs $11,000 to treat an elderly person for injuries resulting from a fall.
Premise: a new therapeutic program can significantly reduce an elderly person’s chance to fall.
Conclusion: the program will cost $12,500 and thus can not be justified.
Prephrase: those elderly person rarely fall after they participate in the program.

A: the comparison among those who followed the program is irrelevant to the argument.
B: the comparison of living environments is irrelevant.
C:  if the medication is counted to the costs of emergency program, the costs of therapeutic program will be much lower compared with that of emergency program, this is the right answer to undermine the argument.
D: the argument is about the costs of 2 programs, not the outcomes of them, irrelevant.
E: how the cost of therapeutic program consists is irrelevant

4、Background: an extended family a group of voles consists often includes 2 or 3 litters.
Premise: the size of the group of voles varies seasonally, large from late autumn through winter, small from spring through early autumn.
Conclusion: the seasonal variation in group size has much to do with the variation in mortality among young voles.
Prephrase: in the season when the mortality of young voles is high, voles consist of large group to protect them, in the season when the mortality is low, small group is enough to them.
50’’  E

A: irrelevant to the argument
B: the argument is about the relation between variation in group size of vole and that in morality of young voles, not the variation in population.
C:  not consistent with the argument.
D: merely give the information, irrelevant.
E: as a major predator of voles, when snakes are active from spring through early autumn, the morality of young voles rises, and during this period, voles live in small group, this supports the argument.

5、40’’
Background: many dolphins living in the sea area near a beach get half of their food each day from the feeding program.
Premise: the adult dolphins are healthy, but their offspring have a shorter life than that of dolphins feed exclusively in the wild.
Prephrase: the quality of the adult dolphins which get feeded in the program degrade dramatically, which causes serious influence to their offsprings.
1’08’’  E

A: with the logic in the option, the offspring feeded in the program should be more safer, the life expectancy should be longer, which weaken the argument.
B: the argument concerns the offspring, not their mathers
C: similar food can not explain the low life expectancy of the offspring.
D: similar living situation can not explain the low life expectancy of the offspring
E: since adult dophins are feed, they spent less time to teach the offspring how to live in the wild, then the offspring will not fit to the wild environment, which is harsh for them to live.

UlysessHope

1.
Conclusion: C is incompetent
Premise: C solved fewer cases than any other detective
Weaken: the large number of cases does not insure the high quality of these cases
Analysis of options:
A---Correct
B---"before he...." is irrelevant; we should focus on C's current state
C---this option support the conclusion since C solves fewer cases even with extensive resources.
D---"previously" is irrelevant; we should focus on C's current state
E---since "other offices" does not include detectives only, this option is irrelevant

UlysessHope

剩下的再补吧 冒个泡证明我来过。。。 = =|