求解释OG2018 .777题

rsdrydwjyxhg

(Book Question:777)

Before 1988,insurance companies in California were free to charge whatever rates the marketwould bear, needing no approval from regulators before raising rates.

          

A.

      

needing no approval from  regulators before raising

  

          

B.

      

and it needed no approval by  regulators before raising

  

          

C.

      

and needing no approval from  regulators before they raised

  

          

D.

      

with approval not needed by  regulators before they raised

  

          

E.

      

with no approval needed from regulators before the raising of

  

附OG解释

Logical predication; Rhetoricalconstruction

The sentenceexplains that, prior to 1988,insurance companies in California could raise rates without regulators’approval. This idea isexpressed concisely using a participial phrase and two prepositionalphrases: needing no approval from regulators before raising rates. Unlike some of the answer choices that contain errorsinvolving antecedents, this construction uses no pronouns and contains no such errors.

A   Correct. Thecombination of a participial phrase and two prepositional phrases expresses theidea clearly with no errors involving pronouns or antecedents.

B   The singular pronoun it has no clear antecedent.If it is taken to refer to the market (the only grammaticallyplausible antecedent), the sentence is illogical. Whatever rates themarket would bear clearly indicates that market isbeing used in the sense of an abstract set of forces affecting prices. To saythat the market, in that sense, raised taxes and that it needed no approval todo so is nonsensical.

C   The construction were . . . and needing isungrammatical. The pronoun they is intended to refer to companies butcould also seem, illogically, to refer to regulators.

D   By regulators illogically indicates that regulatorsare the ones who did not need approval; the pronoun they isintended to refer to companies but could also seem,illogically, to refer to regulators.

E   Before the raising of is wordy and awkward. Both thatphrase and with no approval needed are strangely uninformativeand rhetorically ineffective in that they appear to pointedly avoid telling whodid not need the approval or who might have raised the rates.

Fiona09

传送门：https://gmat.la/question/OG2018-SC-777

elleven806

A 选项 用v-ing 定语表伴随正好说明了这个rasing rates 的发出者是 主句的主语 insurance companies. 整个句子很清楚很明白的解释了insurance companies 在1988年前 不用经过regulators 同意就能随意变动 rates的事情。 没有什么歧异。
B 没有a 表达好，而且it 并不能指代前面的insurance companies. 这个it又指代的谁呢 。 指代出了问题。
C语法错误 and 后面跟needing, 没有动词  
D表达方式很奇怪 with approval not needed。 最明显的是 they 的指代模糊， 有可能是 insurance companies 也可能是 regulators 。不好
E 我看着the raising of 就觉得不是很好 但具体语法错在那个地方 同求大神详细解释一下嗒

希望对你有帮助嗒～

rsdrydwjyxhg

elleven806 发表于 2017-8-22 15:35
A 选项 用v-ing 定语表伴随正好说明了这个rasing rates 的发出者是 主句的主语 insurance companies. 整个 ...

谢谢谢谢你的解释~
懂了BCD问题在哪里　感觉选项里有代词就很容易出问题...
我也是很不清楚E选项具体问题在哪里　还是就只是awkward.
而且OG解释的这段话我也不是很能理解：
Both the raising of  and with no approval needed are strangely uninformative and rhetorically ineffective in that they appear to pointedly avoid telling who did not need the approval or who might have raised the rates.

wammbb2017

这一题这样做，想从五个选项的最右端扫起。E - the raising of 错，应该为 the raise of， DC里面 they raised，错，they指代不明，这样只剩下AB。B选项又罗嗦又有it指代不明的问题，错。只剩下A了，没有其他选择。

曹王曾

wammbb2017 发表于 2017-8-23 22:42
这一题这样做，想从五个选项的最右端扫起。E - the raising of 错，应该为 the raise of， DC里面 they rai ...

根据Mahattan的语法, 在表达动作的名词形式时，凡是有名词的动词不用其动名词。它可以解释the raise比the raising更好。

Meduse1993

请问各位少侠，为什么 c 中的 were 不能管 needing 呢 eg were free to ...and (were) needing. 是因为 and 前面有逗号么？

Meduse1993

我来自问自答了。在我弄清楚了三件事情以后。C 是错误选项。

1. 在只有两个 object 的平行的时候（... and ...), and 前面如果有 comma，说明 and 前后是两个独立的句子。那么第一个句子的动词管不到第二个句子。这也是很多人说 and needing 没有谓语的原因。

2. 其次，从语义的角度来说。“正在需要”这个本来就不符合逻辑。详细解释：Most grammar textbooks tell us that verbs of opinion/preference/necessity cannot be conjugated in the BE+V-ing form. Why, they say? Because it's the &#34resent Continuous" and therefore verbs that express not an action but a quality of the subject cannot be put in that form as that would be illogical : states are inherently continuous putting the verb in the &#34resent Continuous" would be redundant (and we all know that language is never redundant, right ?).参考
https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/68342/is-using-needing-correct

3. 关于 comma和逗号结合的更多用法可参考https://gmatclub.com/forum/use-of-comma-256506.html。
https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/forums/displays-of-aurora-borealis-t12259.html

南风吹

wammbb2017 发表于 2017-8-23 22:42
这一题这样做，想从五个选项的最右端扫起。E - the raising of 错，应该为 the raise of， DC里面 they rai ...

这个E选项改为the raise of 也不对吧，raise当作名词讲时特指加薪或加码（an increase in salary. an increase in a stake）

南风吹

曹王曾 发表于 2017-10-21 03:08
根据Mahattan的语法, 在表达动作的名词形式时，凡是有名词的动词不用其动名词。它可以解释the raise比the ...

然而这个raise虽然可以当名词，但它并没有题目中所要表达的那个含义，raise 当名词时特指的是加薪或赌注加码