OG16 RC97题 关于女权主义和政治的

Ziyu_Chen

    It is an odd but indisputable fact that the seventeenth-century English women
who are generally regarded as among the forerunners of modern feminism are
almost all identified with the Royalist side in the conflict between Royalists
and Parliamentarians known as the English Civil Wars. Since Royalist
ideology is often associated with the radical patriarchalism of seventeenthcentury
political theorist Robert Filmer—a patriarchalism that equates family
and kingdom and asserts the divinely ordained absolute power of the king
and, by analogy, of the male head of the household—historians have been
understandably puzzled by the fact that Royalist women wrote the earliest
extended criticisms of the absolute subordination of women in marriage and
the earliest systematic assertions of women’s rational and moral equality with
men. Some historians have questioned the facile equation of Royalist ideology
with Filmerian patriarchalism; and indeed, there may have been no consistent
differences between Royalists and Parliamentarians on issues of family
organization and women’s political rights, but in that case one would expect
early feminists to be equally divided between the two sides.

    Catherine Gallagher argues that Royalism engendered feminism because the
ideology of absolute monarchy provided a transition to an ideology of the
absolute self. She cites the example of the notoriously eccentric author
Margaret Cavendish (1626–1673), duchess of Newcastle. Cavendish claimed to
be as ambitious as any woman could be, but knowing that as a woman she was
excluded from the pursuit of power in the real world, she resolved to be
mistress of her own world, the “immaterial world” that any person can create
within her own mind—and, as a writer, on paper. In proclaiming what she
called her “singularity,” Cavendish insisted that she was a self-sufficient being
within her mental empire, the center of her own subjective universe rather
than a satellite orbiting a dominant male planet. In justifying this absolute
singularity, Cavendish repeatedly invoked the model of the absolute monarch,
a figure that became a metaphor for the self-enclosed, autonomous nature of
the individual person. Cavendish’s successors among early feminists retained
her notion of woman’s sovereign self, but they also sought to break free from
the complete political and social isolation that her absolute singularity
entailed.

97. The passage suggests which of the following about the seventeenth-century
English women mentioned in line 2?
(A) Their status as forerunners of modern feminism is not entirely justified.
(B) They did not openly challenge the radical patriarchalism of Royalist
Filmerian ideology.
(C) Cavendish was the first among these women to criticize women’s
subordination in marriage and assert women’s equality with men.
(D) Their views on family organization and women’s political rights were
diametrically opposed to those of both Royalist and Parliamentarian
ideology.
(E) Historians would be less puzzled if more of them were identified with
the Parliamentarian side in the English Civil Wars.

OG对D E 的解释
D The passage does not indicate what the Parliamentarian view of family
organization and women’s political rights was, so there is no way to
determine whether the Royalist forerunners of modern feminism were
opposed to that view.
E Correct. The basic puzzle the passage sets out to solve is why the
forerunners of modern feminism would have been associated with the
Royalist side, which seems to have been based on radical patriarchalism.
Historians would most likely have been less surprised if these women had
been identified with the Parliamentarian side, which presumably did not
embrace radical patriarchalism.

这道题我觉得有问题啊，原文第一段最后一句说了如果两派都有差不多数量的女权主义者才是看起来比较合理的，答案却说更多的分在议会那边比较正常
而且啊，也是第一段最后一句，都说了 no consistent differences between R and P on issues of ... 既然女权主义者的观点和R的是冲突的，R和P又没有不同，当然女权主义者的观点也应该和P的冲突啊，也就是D呀，D为什么不对呢？

求助！谢谢

emmahiggins09

我的理解是， It is an odd but indisputable fact that the seventeenth-century English women who are generally regarded as among the forerunners of modern feminism are almost all identified with the Royalist side 这是一个事实。后面你画出的重点都是用退让假设的方式来strengthen 这个 Fact.
E 选项是对上述 fact 的 rephrase

Ziyu_Chen

emmahiggins09 发表于 2016-3-15 01:02
我的理解是， It is an odd but indisputable fact that the seventeenth-century English women who are g ...

虽然还是不太懂，但是谢谢你的回复

emmahiggins09

Ziyu_Chen 发表于 2016-3-15 07:31
虽然还是不太懂，但是谢谢你的回复

问题中指明了要回到 line 2, 所以你的重点应该在line 2. 而且你画出的粗线部分用的都动词形式都是may have been...would expect 这都是虚拟语气。虚拟语气都是和现实相反的，现实中不存在的事情，不能用直陈式的思路来做，你在体会体会 加油！

Ziyu_Chen

emmahiggins09 发表于 2016-3-15 21:35
问题中指明了要回到 line 2, 所以你的重点应该在line 2. 而且你画出的粗线部分用的都动词形式都是may hav ...

噢！明白了呢！
谢谢你！

奋斗的金融mmiao

mark 和楼主遇到一样的问题！

mogiinntu

然而 还是没懂 求NN解答啊 还有D为啥不对啊 不是和两方观点都不同吗？！！

马儿嘚嘚

http://weibo.com/p/230418859f49b40102xdy7
这个解释特别号

马儿嘚嘚

这篇文章理解起来难度较大，我们来梳理一下文章结构和逻辑的转换：
It isan oddbut indisputable factthat the seventeenth-centuryEnglish women who are generallyregarded as amongthe forerunners of modernfeminism are almost all identified with the Royalistside in the conflict between Royalist andParliamentarians known as the English CivilWars.
现象：被普遍认为是现代女权主义先驱的17世纪英国女性，在英国内战保皇派和议会派的争斗中，被划到了保皇派的阵营中。
要注意作者这里对这个现象的定性：odd butindisputable虽然奇怪但是不可辩驳的，意思就是这的确是一个事实，这些女性的确是保皇派。但odd的存在表明这是一个矛盾，文章开头出现矛盾，后面基本都会解释。

Since Royalist ideologyis often associated with the radical patriarchalism ofseventeenth-century political theoristRobertFilmer—a patriarchalism that equates family and kingdom andasserts the divinely ordained absolute power of the king and, byanalogy, of the male headof the household—historians have beenunderstandably puzzled by the fact thatRoyalist women wrote the earliest extended criticism of theabsolute subordination of women in marriage and the earliestsystematic assertions of women’s rational and moral equality withmen.
进一步强化矛盾：保皇派的想法通常都和父权主义相关，但这些保皇派的女性却是第一批公开批评女性在婚姻中从属地位和系统性地主张男女平等的人。

Some historians havequestioned the facile equation of Royalistideology with Filmerian patriarchalism; and indeed, there may havebeen no consistent differences between Royalist andParliamentarianson issues of family organization and women’spolitical rights, but inthat case one would expect earlyfeminists to be equally divided between the twosides.
作者对一种解释的评判：一些历史学家认为把保皇派理念和父权主义等同起来太轻率了，保皇派和议会派对家庭结构和女性政治权利的观念可能并不存在一贯的分歧。注意indeed是让步，更重要的是but后的内容，作者对这种解释的态度是否定的，因为如果的确是这样的话，这些女性也应该平均分布于两个阵营，但一开头讲过了，这些女性就是保皇派的，这是一个indisputablefact，所以这个解释并不成立。

CatherineGallagher arguesthat Royalism engendered feminismbecause the ideology of absolute monarchy provided a transition toan ideology of the absolute self.
CG对这个看似矛盾现象的解释：之所以女权主义产生于保皇派是因为君主专制思想提供了向绝对自我思想的过渡。
engender这个词在这句话中非常关键，不认识或理解错误会使得对整篇文章的理解产生偏差。

She citesthe example of the notoriously eccentricauthor Margaret Cavendish (1626-1673), duchess of Newcastle.举例论证，这一部分初读时可以快速浏览。Cavendish claimed to be as ambitious as anywoman could be, but knowing that as a woman she was excluded fromthe pursuit of power in the real world, she resolved to be mistressof her own world, the “immaterial world” that any person can createwithin her own mind—and, as a writer, on **. In proclaiming whatshe called her “singularity,” Cavendish insisted that she was aself-sufficient being within her mental empire, the center of herown subjective universe rather than a satellite orbiting a dominantmale planet. Injustifying this absolute singularity, Cavendish repeatedly invokedthe model of the absolute monarch,a figure that became a metaphorfor the self-enclose, autonomous nature of the individualperson. 君主专制和女权主义相关的具体表现 Cavendish’s successorsamong early feminists retained her notion of woman’s sovereignself, but they also sought to break free isolation that herabsolute singularity entailed.
CG论点的例证
整篇文章主要介绍了CG对一个看似矛盾但实际存在的现象的解释。第一段是陈述现象，进行铺垫，第二段是解释本身。

大爱在云端

马儿嘚嘚 发表于 2017-9-17 16:35
这篇文章理解起来难度较大，我们来梳理一下文章结构和逻辑的转换：
It isan oddbut indisputable factthat  ...

哇，太有用了，谢谢分享！