OG13 SC-7 with用法和代词指代问题 附SC-123

半夏死磕GT

7. The intricate structure of the compound insect eye, having hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain why scientists have assumed that it evolved independently of the vertebrate eye.

(A) having hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain why scientists have assumed that it

(B) having hundreds of miniature eyes that are called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists have assumed that they

(C) with its hundreds of miniature eyes that are called ommatidia, helps explain scientists’ assuming that they

(D) with its hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, help explain scientists’ assuming that it

(E) with its hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, helps explain why scientists have assumed that it


答案是E，虽然通过主谓一致和代词能判断出来。但是对with的用法和it指代有疑问
with做独立主格时，逻辑主语是句子主语。在这个结构中，是就近修饰the compound insect eye？
还有it代词的指代问题。我们判断it代词指代是根据逻辑意思来判断，这里是否有指代The intricate structure的歧义？

123. Sales of wines declined in the late 1980s, but they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked moderate consumption of alcohol, and particularly of red wine, with a reduced risk of heart disease.
(A) they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked moderate consumption of alcohol, and particularly of red wine, with a reduced risk of heart disease

(B) after the 1991 report that linked a reduced risk of heart disease with a moderate alcohol consumption, particularly red wine, they began growing again

(C) in a 1991 report, moderate alcohol consumption, and particularly of red wine, which was linked with a reduced risk of heart disease, caused them to begin to grow again

(D) with a reduced risk of heart disease linked in a 1991 report with moderate alcohol consumption, in particular red wine, they began growing again

(E) a reduced risk of heart disease linked to moderate alcohol consumption in a 1991 report, and in particular red wine, started them growing again


这两题都是A of B 的指代问题，上一题指代B，这一题指代A，我们做题的时候要怎么判断是否有代词指代歧义

半夏死磕GT

没有人回答么，求解释啊

jasmine1793

with的用法，og是倾向于修饰昆虫复眼，而且更好的比Ving形式的修饰了最近的名词。不过还是同困惑是否with就是绝对性的就近指代了~

njubei07

半夏死磕GT 发表于 2013-7-4 19:50
没有人回答么，求解释啊

转载下我之前发过的帖子

1. COMMA+V-ing 结构是对主句动词的一种补充，一种修饰，一种延展
一般要求动作的发出者和主句的subject是相同的。这里很显然，无论是structure or eye 当 COMMA+V-ing 结构的逻辑主语都很怪，因为具有miniature eyes是一种状态，而不一种动作，have表达的动作是从无到有的，insect的miniature eyes是天生的，不存在从无到有这个动作。

看OG另一个题目
Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.

这里Neuroscientists 在过去的20年内已经掌握了丰富的知识，主句subject是神经学家，动作是having amassed，所以这里COMMA+V-ing作为一种补充很合适。

with修饰一种状态，在原题就显得很得体了，bat大大已经讲透了。


2. 指代不能成为枪毙答案的主要标准，OG很多OA指代都ambiguous