Manhattan Cat题库中的一题，关于double的用法，没有见人讨论过

Macklemost

[size=12.0012px]According to the National Science Foundation, in 2003 there were 198,113 female science and engineering graduate students, almost 42% of the graduate students in those fields, twice as much as 1981.

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		twice as much as 1981
		twice as many as 1981
		double the figure for 1981
		double what it was in 1981
		a number double that of 1981’s

In the original sentence, “much” incorrectly references the quantity of female graduate students. Students are countable, so “many” is the correct term. Additionally, “as 1981” incorrectly completes the comparison, illogically comparing the number of people (the “198,113 female science and engineering graduate students”) to a year (“1981”).

(A) This choice is incorrect as it repeats the original sentence.

(B) “As 1981” incorrectly completes the comparison, illogically comparing the number of people (the “198,113 female science and engineering graduate students”) to a year (“1981”).

(C) CORRECT. “Double the figure” places the emphasis on the number of female graduate students, and correctly completes the comparison between the number of people in one year (198,133 in 2003) and the number of people in another year (the figure for 1981).

(D) “What it was” is wordy, awkward, and unclear.  The singular pronoun "it" has no clear antecedent.

(E) “Double that of 1981’s” is wordy, awkward, and unclear. The singular pronoun "that" has no clear antecedent. The possessive "1981's" is not followed by a noun to possess.

我想问，这里的double是不是不作动词，而做名词，就跟twice the+Noun一个性质呢？

double可以作名词吗？

痞子大哥樾择

I have 10 apples, twice the number of apples that you have.
I have 10 apples, double the number of apples that you have.

我觉得是一样的。

RoxieHeart

我觉得并不是double做名次，确实是同位语但是是figure是名词，double只是修饰figure的形容词而已
举个例子， you know Jane, the most beautiful in the world.

Sylviaaa

看到beatthegmat论坛lunarpower（应该是Ron大神吧）的解释，关于 the figure的指代为什么和Manhattan的解释不一致呢？

1) What does THE FIGURE refer to - "198,113 students" or '42% of students'?
the default for any modifier set off by commas -- unless the context very strongly and clearly suggests otherwise -- is to pertain to the nearest possible referent, i.e., the stuff on the other side of the comma.
so, this particular modifier would be taken to refer to “42% of students…”.

i understand why this modifier is a little bit annoying -- specifically, it would also make sense if applied to “198,113 students” -- but the general trend, in interpreting modifiers such as this one, is to assign them to the nearest possible stuff that they can modify.
more importantly, this problem has a clear official precedent: it is closely based -- perhaps a little too closely based -- on #4 from the 11th edition of the official guide.

Quote:
2) "for 1981" - is this parallel with 'IN 2003'? Why FOR 1981 is correct? Would C be still correct, if C were 'double the figure IN 1981'
this is not a parallel structure. one part is describing an actual state of affairs that prevailed at the mentioned time, while the other is just a statistic mentioned in retrospect.

the reason you don't need “in 1981” is that there is no mention of an explicit event that actually occurred in 1981. that is, if the sentence actually mentioned a past-tense event that occurred in that year, then you would use “in”, as in we had our first child in 1981.
on the other hand, “the figure for 1981” is a statistic that continues to exist even after the actual end of the calendar year 1981. this statistic is, in a very real sense, permanent.
if you used “the figure in 1981”, you would be suggesting that historical value of some figure that later changed. for instance, the current exchange rate between country x and country y is 9 to 1; the figure in 1981 was 11 to 1.

there is also, of course, an element of idiom here. there's no particularly good reason why it should be “for” and not, say, “of”.

Quote:
3) is D wrong bcoz of ambiguous IT only or there is some other reason as well?
the pronoun is not just “ambiguous”, it's actually wrong. there's no noun for which it can stand.

猪小王

double 和 twice在这里不是verb 或 noun，而是pre-determiners. pre-determiners放在determiner的前面，用来modify noun phrase。比如：

I spent twice her time in painting my living room.
一个independent sentence里面只有一个verb。
twice在这里限定了her time，是几倍。
her在这里限定了time，是谁的time。

twice是pre-determiner, her是determiner.

emmahiggins09

GMAT我待你如Mo 发表于 2017-3-27 17:11
In the original sentence, “much” incorrectly references the quantity of female graduate students ...

多谢层主贴出解释，楼主已经贴出了解释了。我和楼主在讨论double 的词性。楼主举例子说CAT有另外一个例子（层主网上看）说是做名词。我理解无能怎么会做名词，所以希望楼主将另外一个例子的解释贴出来，而不是这一题。

关于原题其实是不难的就是比较的对象不平级。female graduate students 不能和1981 比 所以AB是不对的

GMAT我待你如Mo

emmahiggins09 发表于 2017-3-27 14:47
求CAT里的原文解释。

我理解无能 不能理解为什么这里double 是做名词的。 如果是 double number 那我还 ...

In the original sentence, “much” incorrectly references the quantity of female graduate students. Students are countable, so “many” is the correct term. Additionally, “as 1981” incorrectly completes the comparison, illogically comparing the number of people (the “198,113 female science and engineering graduate students”) to a year (“1981”).

(A) This choice is incorrect as it repeats the original sentence.

(B) “As 1981” incorrectly completes the comparison, illogically comparing the number of people (the “198,113 female science and engineering graduate students”) to a year (“1981”).

(C) CORRECT. “Double the figure” places the emphasis on the number of female graduate students, and correctly completes the comparison between the number of people in one year (198,133 in 2003) and the number of people in another year (the figure for 1981).

(D) “What it was” is wordy, awkward, and unclear.  The singular pronoun "it" has no clear antecedent.

(E) “Double that of 1981’s” is wordy, awkward, and unclear. The singular pronoun "that" has no clear antecedent. The possessive "1981's" is not followed by a noun to possess.


好巧，我做到了，也错了，寻求SC比较的整理文档

emmahiggins09

Macklemost 发表于 2017-3-27 10:19
在manhattan prep上问了，可是还没有专家回复，我自己想了一下

我觉得double应该作名词用，做同位语修饰。 ...

求CAT里的原文解释。

我理解无能 不能理解为什么这里double 是做名词的。 如果是 double number 那我还能理解这里double 是名词

请赐教

Macklemost

在manhattan prep上问了，可是还没有专家回复，我自己想了一下

我觉得double应该作名词用，做同位语修饰。比如cat里面这句话，double也是做名词：

This past season, the number of flagrant fouls was double the number from the season

Macklemost

emmahiggins09 发表于 2017-3-27 03:28
插入语是用来补充说明前面的意思的 其实意思是相同的，所以才会在一般的情况下读句意时可以略去不看。

...

那这样double就应该改成ing形式的participial modifier才能修饰名词呀。我纠结的是动词double怎么能做修饰语呢。