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标题: 请教GWD-4 阅读第二篇 22，23题 [打印本页]
作者: waitingtoexhale    时间: 2004-11-6 19:46
标题: 请教GWD-4 阅读第二篇 22，23题

请教GWD-4 阅读第二篇 22，23题


Many managers are influenced by


         dangerous myths about pay that lead


         to counterproductive decisions about


Line         how their companies compensate


  (5)       employees.  One such myth is that


labor rates, the rate per hour paid to


workers, are identical with labor costs,


the money spent on labor in relation to


the productivity of the labor force.


(10)       This myth leads to the assumption that


a company can simply lower its labor


costs by cutting wages.  But labor


costs and labor rates are not in fact


the same:  one company could pay


(15)       its workers considerably more than


another and yet have lower labor


costs if that company’s productivity


were higher due to the talent of its


workforce, the efficiency of its work


(20)       processes, or other factors.  The


         confusion of costs with rates per-


         sists partly because labor rates are


a convenient target for managers who


want to make an impact on their com-


(25)       pany’s budgets.  Because labor rates


are highly visible, managers can easily


compare their company’s rates with


those of competitors.  Furthermore,


labor rates often appear to be a


(30)       company’s most malleable financial


variable:  cutting wages appears an


easier way to control costs than such


         options as reconfiguring work pro-


cesses or altering product design.


(35)           The myth that labor rates and labor


costs are equivalent is supported by


business journalists, who frequently


confound the two.  For example, prom-


inent business journals often remark on


(40)      the “high” cost of German labor, citing


as evidence the average amount paid


to German workers.  The myth is also


perpetuated by the compensation-


consulting industry, which has its own


(45)       incentives to keep such myths alive.


First, although some of these con-


sulting firms have recently broadened


their practices beyond the area of


compensation, their mainstay con-


(50)       tinues to be advising companies on


changing their compensation prac-


tices.  Suggesting that a company’s


performance can be improved in


some other way than by altering its


(55)       pay system may be empirically cor-


rect but contrary to the consultants’


interests.  Furthermore, changes


to the compensation system may


appear to be simpler to implement


(60)       than changes to other aspects of an


organization, so managers are more


likely to find such advice from con-


sultants palatable.  Finally, to the


extant that changes in compensation


(65)       create new problems, the consultants


will continue to have work solving the


problems that result from their advice.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Q22:


The author of the passage suggests which of the following about the advice that the consulting firms discussed in the passage customarily give to companies attempting to control costs?


                 



  • It often fails to bring about the intended changes in companies’ compensation systems.

  • It has highly influenced views that predominate in prominent business journals.

  • It tends to result in decreased labor rates but increased labor costs.

  • It leads to changes in companies’ compensation practices that are less visible than changes to work processes would be.

  • It might be different if the consulting firms were less narrowly specialized.

    • --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


    Q23:


    The author of the passage mentions business journals (line 39) primarily in order to


                     



  • demonstrate how a particular kind of evidence can be used to support two different conclusions

  • cast doubt on a particular view about the average amount paid to German workers

  • suggest that business journalists may have a vested interest in perpetuating a particular view

  • identify one source of support for a view common among business managers

  • indicate a way in which a particular myth could be dispelled

    • 1）第22题：别的选项好像是不对，但是A说fail to bring changes，但是consulting firm主要改变  的不就是compensating system吗？



    2）第23题：A说“。。。support two different conclusions"，请问是哪两个conclusions?是第一段中的吗？



    谢谢指教。

    作者: mage    时间: 2004-11-7 00:00

    22题答案是C吗？


    A说咨询公司的advice不能带来compensation systems的预期的改变，实际上文章没有说不能改变(如：“to the


    extant that changes in compensation create new problems,......”），只是说这种改变与其他方法(reconfiguring work processes or altering product design)相比不能降低laber costs。


    拿不准，请斑竹们进来传道。


    23题答案应该是D吧


    [此贴子已经被作者于2004-11-7 0:02:02编辑过]
    作者: waitingtoexhale    时间: 2004-11-7 10:29

    忘了贴上GWD给出的答案了，不好意思。

    第22题是A，第23题是D。

    作者: BoatOnTheRiver    时间: 2004-11-17 15:10
    标题: E



    I think E is right.

    I think E is the correct answer. The question asked about the "advice".


    A: Wrong


    The the advice that the consulting firms discussed DOES NOT "often fails to bring about the intended changes in companies’ compensation systems"; Rather, it brings changes to companies' compensation systems although the "changes in compensation create new problems".


    B. Wrong


    It didn't say in the article that the "advice that the consulting firms discussed in the passage customarily give to companies" "has highly influenced views that predominate in prominent business journals".


    I think this choice tries to confuse "prominent business journals" that "often remark on the “high” cost of German labor" with the "advice" the consulting company gives.


    C: Wrong


    Hard to jump to this conclusion


    D: Wrong


    The oposite may be true:  It leads to changes in companies’ compensation practices that are MORE visible than changes to work processes would be.


    E: Why Do I think it is right?


    Read these sentences:


    "


    First, although some of these con-


    sulting firms have recently broadened


    their practices beyond the area of


    compensation, their mainstay con-


    (50)     tinues to be advising companies on


    changing their compensation prac-


    tices.  Suggesting that a company’s


    performance can be improved in


    some other way than by altering its


    (55)     pay system may be empirically cor-


    rect but contrary to the consultants’


    interests."


    It hints that the company was "narrowly specialized" in "advising companies on changing their compensation practices". So if the consulting company was "less narrowly specialized" in compensation practices, the advice it gives to those companies may be different (might not be focusing on compensation practices).

    作者: dhxy    时间: 2004-12-21 20:59

    up! 我认为22应该选A，23应该选D啊，

    理由：22： 原文：although some of these con-

    sulting firms have recently broadened

    their practices beyond the area of

    compensation, their mainstay con-

    (50)     tinues to be advising companies on

    changing their compensation prac-

    tices.

    23：

    The myth that labor rates and labor

    costs are equivalent is supported by

    business journalists, who frequently

    confound the two.  For example, prom-

    inent business journals often remark on

    (40)      the “high” cost of German labor, citing

    as evidence the average amount paid

    to German workers.  The myth is also

    perpetuated ， 提到了also perpetuated,所以journals的这种情况也必为一种perpetuate呀？大家来指正！

    作者: billgong    时间: 2005-1-3 09:56

    答案可能使C,或D。但一定不是A。

    A中，compensation systems = labor rates. (Advice from consulting firm surely can change the compensation systems.)

    如果compensation systems 改成 labor costs 或 productivity，拿这个选项就对了。

    作者: wwwhahchn    时间: 2005-8-4 18:19

    我认为compensation system应该指labor costs




    [此贴子已经被作者于2005-8-4 21:06:04编辑过]
    作者: wwwhahchn    时间: 2005-8-4 21:08
    上面的发言是错的，可惜我删不掉
    作者: candrow    时间: 2006-10-10 23:11
    以下是引用billgong在2005-1-3 9:56:00的发言：

    答案可能使C,或D。但一定不是A。

    A中，compensation systems = labor rates. (Advice from consulting firm surely can change the compensation systems.)

    如果compensation systems 改成 labor costs 或 productivity，拿这个选项就对了。

    相隔兩個月, 再看這一篇, 非常贊同答案是C.   1. 首先, E不可能, 因為題目是說"就算有些公司開拓了諮詢服務範圍, 仍舊建議使用改變compensation的舊方法", 換言之, 如果公司眼界不是那麼狹窄(=broadened),情況一樣不會改善才對.  2. 爭議A, 注意原文這幾行:

    their mainstay con-

     (50)        tinues to be advising companies on

    changing their compensation prac-

                tices.這代表的意思是, 諮詢公司建議企業改變compensation, 這是計畫, 也就是可以操縱的, 不能操縱的是結果(=產生別的問題), 所以A的fails to bring about the intended changes in companies’ compensation systems是不對的, 因為企業就是聽從諮詢公司建議, 把表面上的compensation改了, 結果卻是導致更大的隱憂. 3. C沒有被大家的戰火洗禮, 其實才是最正確的. 請重新看一次題目:The author of the passage suggests which of the following about the advice that the consulting firms discussed in the passage customarily give to companies attempting to control costs? 我們都知道, 本文的結果就是: 諮詢公司的建議常常讓人不滿意, 如果這個結果是既能降低labor rate又能降低labor cost,那還有什麼好不滿意? 問題就是降了labor rate卻沒改善labor cost. 有人說, 作者沒說這一定會發生, 沒錯, 所以答案用tend to, "傾向於"代表了大部分的結果不好, 也是作者在全文真正要去suggest的---降低labor rate不代表降低labor cost.



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