ChaseDream
标题: 【每日阅读训练第四期——速度越障20系列】【20-15】科技 [打印本页]
作者: zxppx 时间: 2013-6-18 19:15
标题: 【每日阅读训练第四期——速度越障20系列】【20-15】科技
大家好，胖胖翔来啦！今天以生物类为主，生动有趣的文章！enjoy~
Part I: Speed
[Time 1]
Article 1
Sunflowers Do the Math
[attach]121861[/attach]
The spiraling shapes in cauliflower, artichoke, and sunflower florets (above) share a remarkable feature: The numbers of clockwise and counterclockwise spirals are consecutive Fibonacci numbers—the sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, and so on, so that each number is the sum of the last two. What's more, those spirals pack florets as tight as can be, maximizing their ability to gather sunlight for the plant. But how do plants like sunflowers create such perfect floret arrangements, and what does it have to do with Fibonacci numbers? A plant hormone called auxin, which spurs the growth of leaves, flowers, and other plant organs, is the key: Florets grow where auxin flows. Using a mathematical model that describes how auxin and certain proteins interact to transport each other around inside plants, researchers could predict where the hormone would accumulate. Simulations of that model reproduced patterns exactly matching real "Fibonacci spirals" in sunflowers, the team reports this month in Physical Review Letters. Based on their results, the researchers suggest that such patterns might be more universal in nature than previously thought, so keep an eye out: Fibonacci numbers might be spiraling in every direction.
[字数：193]
Source:
http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2013/06/scienceshot-sunflowers-do-the-ma.html
[Time 2]
Article 2
Fatherhood From Beyond the Grave
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Men who become dads in their 50s may feel studly, but they've got nothing on the wild guppy. New research shows that the male Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata), the ancestor of the common aquarium resident, can become a father long after death. Scientists spiked a guppy-free stretch of stream in Trinidad with 38 male and 38 female fish. Every month, they used butterfly nets and traps baited with dog food to capture the guppies in the study area—which was bounded by waterfalls, ensuring no immigrants or escapees—and then analyzed their DNA. The survey showed that almost 14% of the 540 tallied births took place after dad had died, and that a male guppy could become a father 8 months, roughly 75 years in human terms, after his demise. That allowed half of the fish to sire offspring from beyond the (watery) grave, the team reports online today in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B. The male has the female to thank for this supernatural ability. A female guppy can store her consort's sperm for months in a tiny pocket inside her ovaries, which is lucky, because females live much longer than males. The arrangement benefits both sexes: Females can have babies even if the dating scene is grim, and males can reproduce for longer than their lifespan.
[字数：220]
Source:
http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2013/06/scienceshot-fatherhood-from-beyo.html
[Time 3]
Article 3
Selectively Targeting Aerosol Pollutants Could Reduce Climate Change
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Cutting our overall use of fossil fuels has proved a daunting challenge, but it might be possible to get some relief from the effects of climate change by selectively reducing the particulate pollution we produce. Recent research suggests that if we can clean up diesel engines and primitive cookstoves in India and China, for example, that could delay the effects of greenhouse-gas buildup even if pollution from coal-fired power plants persists. A study released last week concludes that if every country were to do what California has done in the last couple of decades to clean up diesel emissions, it would slow down global warming by 15 percent. Reducing similar pollution from sources such as ships and cookstoves—which weren’t included in the study—could help even more.
The study comes as governments in India and China are deciding how to address their increasing pollution, which can contribute to fatal human health problems. Over the weekend, state-controlled media in China announced new pollution rules targeting both power plants and emissions from cars and trucks.
Aerosol pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, soot, and ozone are all bad for human health, but they have different effects on the climate. “Some of the aerosols are warming the planet, and some are cooling the planet,” says Phil Rasch, a fellow at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington. For example, sulfates that form from coal-plant exhaust reflect sunlight back into space, acting to shade the planet and cool it off. Black-carbon particles from diesel exhaust, on the other hand, absorb sunlight and heat up, warming the atmosphere.
“When you add them together, we think that on balance they’re cooling the planet,” Rasch says. That is, they mask some of the temperature increase that would have occurred as a result of carbon dioxide emissions, the main human contribution to global warming. But this effect would be more significant if the particulates that help heat up the atmosphere were removed. “If we could get rid of the ones that are warming the planet,” he says, “then that would buy us some more time.”
[字数：349]
[Time 4]
Rasch says that several other recent papers have asked the question posed in the one that came out this week: “What would happen if we immediately got rid of only the black-carbon aerosols?” He says doing that “might lead to a cooling of the planet by half a degree to a degree Celsius.” He notes, however, that the impact on temperature is hard to pin down. For one thing, pollution affects clouds and rainfall, which have complicated effects on climate.
One advantage of going after black carbon is that the effects would be almost immediate. These pollutants fall out of the atmosphere in the course of a few days or weeks, so once emissions stop, the air quickly clears. Carbon dioxide, on the other hand, stays in the atmosphere for hundreds of years.
Of course, it’s ultimately important to reduce all pollution, since it kills millions of people a year. “We want to cut down on pollution in every way that we can because of human health,” says Lai-yung Ruby Leung, a fellow at PNNL, who is one of the authors of the black-carbon study that came out his week. Selectively reducing pollutants as a way of countering global warming “is an important strategy we can think about,” she says, “but it needs to be carefully done.” Rasch emphasizes speeding up reduction of the pollutants that warm the planet, not necessarily putting off regulations to reduce the ones that cool it.
Leung says the research suggests at the very least that as countries clean up sulfates from power plants, they should make sure to cut down on diesel emissions at the same time. Just reducing the sulfates would cause the planet to warm up.
[字数：284]
Source:
http://www.technologyreview.com/news/515961/selectively-targeting-aerosol-pollutants-could-reduce-climate-change/
[Time 5]
Article 4Fast Break
Metastatic cells move through tight spaces more quickly than ordinary cells
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Most cancer deaths are caused by metastatic tumors, which break free from the original cancer site and spread throughout the body. Many of the genetic changes that allow cells to become metastatic have been studied extensively, but it has been more difficult to study the physical changes that contribute to this process.
MIT researchers have now developed a way to study, on a large scale, how changes in key physical properties of cancer cells allow them to migrate to new sites. Scientists have previously observed that cells with higher metastatic potential are more deformable than nonmetastatic cells, but the MIT team found that cancer cells also seem to traverse narrow channels more easily because they encounter less friction, which may help them travel through blood vessels to new tumor sites.
"Our measurements provide an additional perspective on cell properties," says Sangwon Byun, an MIT postdoc and lead author of a paper describing the findings in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The system that Byun and colleagues used to study the cancer cells is based on a device that Scott Manalis, a member of MIT’s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and a professor of biological engineering, developed to measure the mass of a single cell. For the new study, Byun, Manalis, and colleagues adapted the system to measure a cell’s velocity as it traveled through a narrowly constricted channel about 50 microns long, allowing them to estimate the cell’s deformability and susceptibility to friction.
They found that metastatic cells not only were more deformable than nonmetastatic cells but also traveled faster. "It seems that the cells experience less friction, making it easier for them to get through the channels," Byun says. The researchers are now using their system to detect the circulating tumor cells (CTCs) that are found in cancer patients’ blood at levels ranging from a few to several thousand per milliliter. After capturing those cells, scientists could do many more tests on them, including analyses of genes expressed and proteins produced, to learn more about how they break free from tumors. Manalis and colleagues also plan to study physical changes that occur in cells as they go through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a process that allows cancer cells to stop sticking together and become mobile.
[字数：379]
Source:
http://www.technologyreview.com/article/515416/fast-break/
Part II: Obstacle
Article 5 Computer Scientists Get Wet
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In the summer of 2008, when Wired magazine ran a cover story titled "The End of Science," former Editor-in-Chief Chris Anderson wrote, "The new availability of huge amounts of data, along with the statistical tools to crunch these numbers, offers a whole new way of understanding the world. Correlation supersedes causation, and science can advance even without coherent models, unified theories, or really any mechanistic explanation at all. There's no reason to cling to our old ways. It's time to ask: What can science learn from Google?"
Five years later—not a lot of time, admittedly—data, computers, and statistical tools are indeed having a major impact on science. In the domain sciences—traditional fields like physics, biology, and chemistry—the old ways are holding. People still care about causation, mechanisms, and coherent theories, but in many disciplines, researchers are looking to supplement those traditional elements of science, harvesting gains from the data deluge by, in effect, learning from Google. In May, Science Careers wrote about some of these "pi-shaped" researchers, who have added computer science techniques to the techniques of their various native fields.
But it's also possible to get pi-shaped from the other end—the computer science end. By adding fundamentals of biology to their computer science training, more than a few native computer scientists are contributing—and preparing themselves to contribute—to the advancement of the life sciences (among other fields), laying foundations for new branches of study. It is indeed a promising approach, but there is still much work to be done—satisfying work, one pioneer says.
Biology for computer scientists
Lawrence Hunter graduated from Yale University with a Ph.D. in computer science in 1989, during what he calls "the AI winter," a period of reduced funding and interest in artificial intelligence—the field he had been studying. So he went in a new direction, joining the fledgling Human Genome Project as a programmer. "I had studied biology till tenth grade, which meant I had no modern biology at all," he says. Hunter attended weekly genomics seminars at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) where he worked. As his own coding began yielding results—for example, a list of genes that allowed eukaryotes to diverge from prokaryotes—he began to take biology more seriously. He asked a lot of questions and read all of the papers that his colleagues suggested. "I spent a decade learning by osmosis from all the brilliant people around me," says Hunter, who is considered one of the founders of bioinformatics.
Hunter is now the director of the computational bioscience program at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. He has published seminal papers in his field and written a life sciences textbook aimed at non-life scientists: The Processes of Life: An Introduction to Molecular Biology.
Hunter believes that computer scientists can cross over at any career stage. "Studying CS is like learning to play a musical instrument and can't be done quickly. Biology can be learned by reading and remembering," he says.
Rewiring cells
Synthetic biology, which involves designing and building genetic constructs and testing them in living cells, requires wet lab skills. "The combination of quantitative abilities and experimental biology skills is very valuable in synthetic biology," says Timothy Lu of Massachusetts Institute of Technology's (MIT's) Research Laboratory of Electronics, an interdepartmental center where "research encompasses an extensive range of natural and man-made phenomena."
Nevertheless, Lu, who has an undergraduate degree with majors in electrical engineering and computer science (and minors in biomedical engineering and biology), doesn't make bench experience a prerequisite for his incoming graduate students. He just expects them to be enthusiastic about learning biology.
That approach worked for Samuel Perli, a 5th-year doctoral candidate in Lu's lab who had no college-level biology to speak of before he started his graduate studies in computer science at MIT. While doing research on wireless networks, he attended a talk by the director of the institute's Synthetic Biology Center. He was inspired to sign up for "Introduction to Experimental Biology," after squaring away the requirements for his master's degree. That semester, he read books, research papers, and popular articles on biology, and had conversations with friends who did biology research. He was following in the footsteps of the academics who had created this field less than 2 decades ago. "I love the fact that once I program and modify a single living cell, I can have millions of similar cells by just growing them up," says Perli, who is now at the bench almost every day.
At Harvard Medical School, Pamela Silver is a founding member of the Department of Systems Biology, which she describes as a field that among other things "seeks to understand what evolution gave us and how we got to where we are." Though we have genomic information about various organisms, we still have to synthesize it to understand how the whole organism or system functions, she explains in this YouTube video. Similar to Lu, she doesn't require incoming researchers to have a background in cell biology.
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Source:
http://sciencecareers.sciencemag.org/career_magazine/previous_issues/articles/2013_06_14/caredit.a1300123
作者: 铁板二米 时间: 2013-6-18 19:20
又沙发！谢谢翔翔~
文章很有意思~ 生物是我的最爱啊。
交作业
Time1 1'04"
Time2 1'18"
Time3 1'59"
Time4 1'22"
Time5 1'58"
Obstacle 4'37"
作者: irvan 时间: 2013-6-18 19:51
楼主辛苦~
————————————————————
Speed
00:58
01:09
01:41
01:20
01:36
Obstacle
05:28
Main idea: New relationship between CS and science
Attitude: Positive
Structure:
1) Argument---CS now are having a major impact on science.
2) Example1---Lawrence Hunter
3) Example2---Timothy Lu and Pamela Silver
作者: GillSun 时间: 2013-6-18 19:53
辛苦楼主~
作者: yangzexin 时间: 2013-6-18 20:24
占座占座
1'05"
1'20"
1'45"
1'10"
1'50"
4'50"
作者: joanfighter 时间: 2013-6-18 20:32
占位~~~~
作者: kimwang53 时间: 2013-6-18 20:37
占一个~~~ppx辛苦啦
作者: 铁板神猴 时间: 2013-6-18 20:46
还有没有首页~~
---------------------------------------------------------
1'27''
1'38''
2'15''
1'57''
2'16''
6'47''
作者: Jonathanluck 时间: 2013-6-18 21:14
1:15 sunflowers create floret arrangement becuase when floret grows auxin grow,
1:34, guppy can become father after death since female guppy can store sperms for months
2:06, china and india are targeting to reduce poullants emmission A to prevent the planet from warming up
1‘36 china do so not only to cool off the planet althoght it is one of the choices off cooling the planet, but also to benefit human's health
2:00 MIT's reserch on Metastatic cells that travel very fast in blooy vein
越障 5：16
作者: jay871750293 时间: 2013-6-18 21:40
谢谢PPX~~
哀，又落到第二页了...
作者: yyjfantasy 时间: 2013-6-18 22:38
好火呀~~！
速度：
1.1'02''
2.1'01''
3.1'42''
4.1'08''
5.1'39''
越障：3'52''
翔翔找的文章好有意思，起码看起来顺溜点儿了~~嘿嘿，基本功仍需加强啊
作者: aillen922 时间: 2013-6-19 07:26
谢谢楼主~
T1-2’12
T2-1’39
T3-2’22
T4-1’48
T5-2’22
OB-6’10
作者: 379349576 时间: 2013-6-19 07:50
辛苦楼主~~~
作者: TakiZhao 时间: 2013-6-19 07:59
1-05
how do plants create floret arrangements
1-13
male guppy can become father long after its death
1-40
countries are taking steps to clean up pollutants
1-24
selectively reducing pollutants can help to counter globalwarming
1-56
metastatic cells moves faster and more likely to spread the cancer cells
4-28
越障完全理解梳理出结构和思路还是有点困难！
作者: Sherryfly 时间: 2013-6-19 08:05
Part 1: SPEED
1. Time: 1’24”: Research on how sunflowers’ spirals grow in a math way.
2. Time: 1’20”: A species of fish who can become father after death.
3. Time: 1’40”: Reducing pollutants in India & China (for example) can relieve the greenhouse.
4. Time: 1’20”: Selectively reducing pollutants are the effective way to counter global warming.
5. Time: 2’20”: The study of what changes make cancer cell move to new sites.
Part 2: OBSTACLE
Time: 5’22”
Main Idea:
1. Recent trend to computer science.
2. How can we learn from Google.
3. Two examples in Biology field on students who dedicate to computer science.
作者: dingdingtop 时间: 2013-6-19 09:04
20130619
T1: 1'15''20
Plants like sunflower arrange its seeds accoring to Fibonacci pattern. According to scientists, this coincidence attributes to auxin in plants. Scientists also predict that this phenominon should be far more prevalent than previously thought.
T2:1'36''86
Male guppy can have baby long after their death, because female guppies can store male's sperm for a long time. This benefits the guppies' reproduction.
T3: 2'39''23
Polution can be reduced by selectively reduce diesel and primitive cookstroves, thus there's no need to reduce all polution sources. Different polutants have different effects on global warming.
T4:2'08''03
Some scientists propose just reduce black carbon pollutants to cease the global warming, but some other scientists do not agree because any polutants are harmful to people's health.
T5:2'54''11
Study shows that metastatic cancer cells are more deformable and move more quickly than nonmetastatic ones. Research is still on going to capture these metastatic cancer cells to do furthur investigation on gene and protein.
Obstacle:6'24''28
More and more research, especially on biology part, relies heavily on computer science technology: computer, data, statistics tools. Scientists with CS education background can pick up biology related knowledge quickly and contribute to biology research field.
作者: luruisha 时间: 2013-6-19 10:42
1'34
1'55
2'26
2'29
3'24
obstacle:5'40
作者: iriswtzhang 时间: 2013-6-19 11:03
SPEED
(1) 1.04.63
sun flowers' spiraling shape contains Fibonacci numbers.
(2) 1.24.59
guppy fish can sire offspring after death.
(3) 1.24.75
we can relief from the climate change by selectively reducing the particulate pollution
(4) 1.16.25
reducing pollution needs to be carefully done.
(5) 2.09.62
metastatic cancer cells can travel faster in the vessel
OBSTABLE
4.01.90
subect combination between computer science and biology.
作者: quoxo 时间: 2013-6-19 12:26
1. 1'38 the Fibonacci numbers in the florets of spirals in some plants. the auxin is the key reason for the phenomenon.
2. 1'50 the articale talks about a fish. The female fish could carry the sperms of male fish and live longer than the male fish. So the female fish could have offsprings after the death of the male fish.
3. 2'45 Selectve measures could help to reduce the green-house effect.
4. 2'02 it's important to reduce all polution at the same time.
5. 2'42 Researchers found that cancer cells move faster than normal cells in tight spaces.
6. 6'11 The article talked about the combination of computer science and biology. CS people with no biology background joins the inter-discipline research and make good results.
作者: cherryyyy 时间: 2013-6-19 13:21
1-1:04
The spiraling shapes in sunflower appear regularly in clockwise or counterclockwise. The reason is associated with hormone release. Scientists can use this finding to speculate the trend of the sunflower.
2-1:28
The passage introduces a kind of fish which can become father after their death. Female fish tend to live longer and can use sperms to span more offspring.
3-1:56
If India and China could clean up diesel emission on ship and other vehicles, greenhouse effects will be greatly relieved.
Some measures taken by India and China to address pollution.
However different emissions have different functions, we should only remove the emission which will heat the planet.
4-1:48
The situation if we get rid of black carbon aerosol.
One advantage of removing black carbon aerosol is that its effects act immediately.
However, professor emphasized that we should assure the removed emission will heat the planet rather than cool the planet.
5-2:15
Apart from the previous finding, MIT team found that m cells travel faster because they experience less friction.
Introductions of the experiments they used to get the conclusion.
The application of the research.
Obstacle 5:23
Put forward the question:what can science learn from google?
An example of economists who did his study before Internet was invented.
Though having abundant information and data, we still need to understand how it works and there is still much work need to be done.
作者: amberfuu 时间: 2013-6-19 14:30
1'37''
Many plants, such as sunflowers, grow in F numbers. This is becasue of the auxin 植物生长素, which is a kind of hormone, in the plants.
1'46''
The female P can store the sperm inside their body long for a long time. This made the male P to be father even after they had been dead for a long time.
2'20''(今天我咋这么慢= =）
If we selectivly reduce some air pollutions, it may help our planet to delay the suffer from some climate problems, for example, the greenhouse effect.
被打断，未计时。
Polluation like black carbon has effects immediately.However, the CO2 stays for years.So to control the polluation carefully and selectively is necessary. Polluation like CO2 should be controlled.
2'58''(我觉得这么慢的原因一定是因为太热了。。）
Scientists found that the cancer cells travels faser in narrow spaces becasue they experience less friction in narrow spaces. This is the physical aspect of the cancer cell transition.
obstacle
5'50''
Computer technology was doubted that it cannot contribute more to science. However, now many science studies are based on the computer technology. In the article, the author talked about the biology study, with the help of computer science, developed faster.
作者: 纠结的小B 时间: 2013-6-19 15:19
1‘15“
1’40”
2‘19“
1’58”
2‘43“
5’08”
作者: peby1223 时间: 2013-6-19 15:51
1:46
1:30
2:43
2:22
2:56
obstacle:
5:35
谢谢ppx~
作者: 美国的走起 时间: 2013-6-19 16:05
T1 1.01
T2 1.19
T3 1.55
T4 1.33
T5 2.04
T6 4.55 科技如今已经应用到了很懂传统学科中，像是生物物理化学啥的，然后就讲了在生物领域中，学生物的要学习计算机分析数据啥的，然后一个学电脑工程的又开始学生物，学习去建模啥啥的！
作者: peterlongzhang 时间: 2013-6-19 16:07
2013/6/19
1. 2'40'':193 words
the structure of sumflower's spiral is interesting. the number of clockwise and conutclockwise spiral is is consecutive F numbers.
2. 2'12'': 220 words
sperm of male can last longer than the male's life.
3. 3'00'': 349 words
different aerosal pollutants have different effects on the climate. if contries control aerosal pullutant, not only the climate will be better off, but also ous health will be improved.
4. 2'28'': 284 words
an advantage of control aerosal pollutants is that the controling effect is immediate. To control the aerosal pollutant, we need a package of regulation standard.
5. 3'47'': 379 words
the mit scientists have hound that the m cells not only are deformable than regulare cells but can move faster.
6. 8'02'': 841 words
structure:
1) introduction of use computer science in research
2) biology for computer scientists: an example of a computer scientists conduct research in biology
3) rewiring cells: an other example of MIT researcher, who is doing research in genetic field even without a banchor degree
作者: yaoyiqing1616 时间: 2013-6-19 17:02
1. 1'09'' special and consecutive floret arrangement of sunflowers and its good to flower growth, F number phenomenon is widerly spread in nature.
2. 1'04'' male goppies could be father after death, thanks to female goppies' long storage of babies and this fact benefits both sex.
3. 2'28'' countries could reduce air pollution by cutting pollutant resources. Different pollutants have opposite impact on weather, some decreasing the earth temperature while some increasing. Howeve, the overall impact presents to be lowering the global temperature.
4. 1'21'' Black aerosenal? should be cut as soon as possible despite little improvement since the bad effects for human health is enourmous. Government should promote policies on pollutants that raise temperature as well.
5. 1'25'' Changing elements in physical process of tumor spreading is still a hard topic for biology researchers. Now MIT are working on this topic by measuring cell size and flowing velocity. They find that metalistic tumor cells are more deformable and travel faster than unmetalistic ones.
6. 3'26'' today computer tools are widely used in any area and researchers should learn from Google. Some biology researches may require experimental IT skills and undergraduates are not qualified.
作者: 饼干小熊 时间: 2013-6-19 17:23
T1 00:01:23.64 00:01:23.64
The secret of sunflower can do math.
T2 00:02:14.69 00:02:14.69
Why guppy can have offspring after death.
T3 00:02:20.33 00:02:20.33
T4 00:01:38.64 00:01:38.64
Selectively Targeting Aerosol Pollutants Could Reduce Climate Change
T5 00:00:55.23 00:00:55.23
….
O 00:01:33.26 00:01:33.26
又酱油了…
作者: yaoyiqing1616 时间: 2013-6-19 18:04
好喜欢今天的障碍阅读。。我这才知道什么叫pi-shaped!!有种career goal逐渐清晰起来的赶脚。。
作者: JungHa 时间: 2013-6-19 20:07
(1:04) Scientists have found that the spiraling shapes in cauliflower, artichoke, and sunflower florets share Fibonacci numbers
(1:10) Male Trinidadian guppy can become a father long after death.
(1:35) Aerosol pollutants have 2 different effects – warming and cooling. If there is a way to control the warming aerosol, we can slow down the global warming process
(1:36) The countries at least should reduce the emissions from diesel to reduce the pollution
(1:51) MIT team found that cancer cells seem to traverse narrow channels more easily because they encounter less friction
(4:02) What can science learn from Google?
A living example of a computer science person entered the field of bioinformatics
More and more professors are welcoming students who doenst have background in biology to join bio department
作者: heroyuzhe 时间: 2013-6-19 21:15
占个座~~~~
作者: mermaid2891 时间: 2013-6-19 21:25
多谢楼主
1.29
1.45
2.05
1.56
2.29
5.19
作者: heroyuzhe 时间: 2013-6-19 21:28
一：1:05
二：1:28
三：1：46
四：1:22
五：2:02
作者: Elfy 时间: 2013-6-19 21:49
Speed
1:09 The sunflowers exist certain properties that're math related. Auxin helps sunflowers to grow.
1:22 Male guppys can become father after they die. The reasons that this could happen and certain benefits of it.
1:54 Reducing certain harmful pollutants will benefit not only our health but also global climate. An example of China, which's planning to control the climate by exploiting both beneficial and harmful pollutants.
1:32 The strategy of black carbon might help solve the climate prob. It's important to reduce pollutants selectively.
2:19 A new research about how cells with m travels inside body to cause cancer.
Obstacle
4:12 The emergence of computer science on biology is important. A example of L who realizes the importance of computer science. The importance of the combination of quantitative abilities and experimental biology skills in s biology.
作者: itux 时间: 2013-6-19 22:09
1. 1:18'
2. 1:38'
3. 2:12'
4. 1:32'
5. 2:19'
Obstacle:
Main Idea: Introduction the usage of computer science in system biology
Attitude: Objective
Structure:
1. Introduce of big data and other usage of computer science
2. Introduce some researcher in system biology with CS background
3. Detail information about CS in system biology.
今天文章比较简单，读者很轻松愉快
作者: sunclear 时间: 2013-6-19 22:31
补课
Time1: 1'30''
Time2: 1'50''
Time3: 2'
Time4: 1'49''
Time5: 2'40''
Obstacle: 7''
large quantity of data bring the question: what we can learn from Google
5 years later, more computer knowledge used in traditional research
Two examples:
1. Biology information Computer background scientist work in biology field.
2. EE background student learn biology--rewiring cell
作者: olivia瓜瓜 时间: 2013-6-19 23:30
貌似我每次都慢了一个节拍
1m16s
1m20s
1m40s
1m09s
1m54s
obstacle：4m38s
渣渣求教各位牛牛，我一般是一个词一词的读，发现自己慢的不行！！
第一问： 在看文章中如何抓结构看！！！
每次看之前我都会提醒自己要注意抓结构，active reading ，脑子里要有真个结构图，但是读起来了发现又忘了。。所以每次读完obstacle 就看完了不知道讲了啥。
第二问： active reading，如何进行，有方法吗？
作者: lxskyfly 时间: 2013-6-20 00:06
SPEED/
1:35 Sunflowers can create floret and how they create it as well as how we use them for prediction
1:37 Guppy can be a father even after it died because arrangement of male and femail guppy's ability
1:57 We can reduce the selective particulates that polluted our climates to help improve the living environment
1:48 explains what will happen if we just reduce the black carbon a and then states and it s important to reduce all polution
2:35 metastatic cells are more deformable and move-fast than other cells, and the researches about the cells have been conducted, which may help in several fields
OBSTACLE/
5:51
1, Internet and statistical tools has changed our life and as well as in domains of science
2, two example that how it changes science' s development and as also, it changed the person's carrer
作者: gyb192483 时间: 2013-6-20 01:13
辛苦辛苦！
TIME1: 01'24'' the sunflower can rotate acoording to a certain sequence. The key factor to trigger this action is the hormone called auxin. The nature creates are fomated more math than ever thought
TIME2: 01'28'' A kind of finish was born after its father dies. A study is carried out to veirfy this finding. some special measures are taken to make sure no migrant or escaper. The female fish has a special system to store the sperm of the male finsh so that it can baby even after the male fish died
TIME3: 02'01'' If China and indian can reduce the pollution from fossil fuel, it will contribute to the climate change. Now the world is prompting the elimination of diesel fuel which can result in warm weather. The sulfite, ozone and carbon oxide are all harmful to human health. But they have different on planet climate. Some will make the planet cool while others will get the planet warm. The overall effort is cool. If we can get rid of the particles which cause the warm, we will have more time to go on the planet
TIME4: If the black carbon pollution is removed from the planet, the overall temperature will be reduced by half a degree(celsius). To reduce a certain pollution is one of the good method to contral the planet climate change. But it should be careful, because some can cause the earth cool while others may make the earth warm. We need to remove the warm factor. when people planed to remove the sulfate, they should also consider removing the diesel fuel emission pollution since it makes the planet warm
TIME5: 02'20'' metastatic cell can tranverses faster and easier than the nonmetastatic. A kind of study is undergone and the result verified the hypothesis. A study team is working on it to disclose some connection
Obstacle: 06'35''
Main idea: the effect of the computer science on the biology
Attitdue: neutral
Structure:
==> as the world develops, the old study method in the filed such as physics, biology or chemistry is not viable. The new method should be adapted
==> the computer science is introduced into the field of biology
==> one example of hunter is given to indicate how the computer science techonology. hunter was major in computer science. But he started to get involve in the study of the biology in the period of decline of artifical intellgent. he did not have any knowledge of modern biology. But he learned a lot from the books and his friends. Now has became the founder of .... and issued article on the publication
==>synthetic biology. The combination of quantitative abilities and experimental biology skills is very valuable in synthetic biology. The research team can accept the person who is not in the filed of biology.Though we have genomic information about various organisms, we still have to synthesize it to understand how the whole organism or system functions
作者: nannanfeng 时间: 2013-6-20 03:35
楼主辛苦了 多谢
1. 1：00
2. 1：23
3. 2：:09
4. 1：35
5. 2:33
Obstacle
4:18
作者: change17251 时间: 2013-6-20 10:15
1,37
1,47
2,19
1,51
2,42
5,56
computer science contributes to other science.
1> provide one example that biology for computer science
2> the combination of synthetic biology and computer science -- giving an example.
作者: yangmei709 时间: 2013-6-20 15:04
1.01:37.31
The flowers do the math, this arrange give them the ability to absorb more sunlight.------how? hormone:auxin----the pattern maybe more universal
2.02:03:34
Man can be dad after their death.----a fish puppy, an experiment(how to keep this ex convincing?)----female puppy raise the children----the benifit of this arrangement
3.03:03:87
climate and pollution, selectively reduce----control the use of fossil energy in china and india(like clifornia, just car truck,15 percentage decrease)------different pollution: warm and cold, if control the warm , we can win more time
4.02:16:52
cuting black-** cool down---seem not like this because some more complicated problems---simple cutting is benifit to human's health----but simple cutting black is not the chioce, because****
5.02:26:30
a MIT's research a bout canel cell-----M** cell and nonM**cel, how physical change leads to spread of cancel cell----way to study, a system developped by----the future plan
越障：05:13:18
computer science and biology
1. biology for computer scientist
2. computer science in synthetic biology
作者: jay871750293 时间: 2013-6-20 21:18
谢谢PPX~~
先占座，待会儿补了...
作者: Jesyishuang 时间: 2013-6-21 21:11
1:13
1:29
1:56
1:26
2:30
4:56
What can science learn from computer science?
What can science impact on computer science?
作者: Cri倩 时间: 2013-6-21 22:03
1'09“ spirals pack florets
50"
1'06" how air pollutants work
1'02" how to get rid of the black-carbon aerosols
1'25" how the process of metastatic influence physical changes
4' computer science contributes to other science
bio for computer scientist
computer science in synthetic bio
又补作业来了……
作者: 墩墩大人 时间: 2013-6-21 23:29
01；13；04
向日葵~ 一些植物与菲波纳茨数列的关系
01；23；09
一种鱼在死了之后还能做爸爸。
然后用研究。。。证明。。。
01：51；07
减少某些气体可以改变环境
有些气候导致冷OR热。
01；34；04
XX气体可以降低温度。。
但是同时也应该减少另一种气体排放
否则会升温
02；44；01
癌症患者--都有M。细胞
用实验观察出M细胞的特征。。。。快。。猛
05；30；06
用电脑来学习科学。。
主要例子；
某个生物科学家的例子。
（介绍生平。。学习。等—）
期末党猛攻inG。。。。
喜欢科技文
作者: qingya 时间: 2013-6-22 05:15
[Time 1] 00:01:32.88
[Time 2] 00:01:45.03
[Time 3] 00:02:13.20
[Time 4] 00:01:55.73
[Time 5] 00:02:52.58
Part II: Obstacle00:04:36.33
artificial intelligence
quantitative abilities in experimental skills
作者: 铁板神豆 时间: 2013-6-25 10:36
补作业补作业~~TT
1:03
1:12
1:51
1:39
1:55
5:02
作者: 铁板吗啡 时间: 2013-6-26 18:28
吗啡火速补作业来了，呜呜呜呜。楼主辛苦了。
1:05
1:45
2:21
1:40
2:38
6:12
作者: 徐小玉儿 时间: 2013-6-26 20:58
1:33
1:13
1:35
1:19
2:07
obstacle
5:04
作者: huang2610 时间: 2013-6-27 21:48
1 1'47"
suunflower's floret arrangement involves a hormone called auxin. studing the auxin, the researchers might have a big discovery.
2 1'39"
experiment found that a male guppy can become a father after its death because the female can store the sperm in her month for 8 months.
3 2'01"
research shows that slectively reduce the amount of the polutants can reduce the climate change.
the traget can be acheived if we can clean up the dissel engines, the cookstoves in india and china etc.
china has announced its new regulation regarding the vehicles.
4 1'51"
what would happen if we cut down the black-carbon aerosols..
cut down all sorts of pollutants is our target because these pollutants cause many people lost their lievs. but it needs to be carefully done
5 2'47"
a study about the physical changes about the cancer cells. They travel in blood vessels so that the friction is less and they can travel faster. The sceientists are going to do more research abouth the Tumor cells which taken from patient's blood vessel.
Obstacle
6'00"
computers as a supplement tool have a great impact in many scientific fields.
many scientists are preparing to use computers to benefit their reseachs.
Two examples-Biology for computer scientists and syntetic biology
作者: neverland1021 时间: 2014-11-18 14:54
谢谢ZXPPX~
1'16[字数：193]
The F sequence number exists in the sunflower and other flowers
the sunflower has been taken as an example
it is stimulated by hormone
scientists predict the F sequence number exists in the natural more than previously thought
1'09[字数：220]
different lifespan between the male fish and female one, and the difference benefits each other
1'46[字数：349]
the diesel burning problem in China and India=>if reduced=>slowdown of global warming
some exhaust can cool the atmosphere, while other can warm the air, examples
1'26[字数：284]
it is hard to predict whether to get rid of black XX can cool down the temperature of Earth, the effects are complicated
后面有点走神
1‘56[字数：379]
癌症致命的原因之一是癌细胞会转移
科学家研究癌细胞为什么会转移
计算癌细胞的移动速度=》比正常的细胞快得多，更小的摩擦力
细胞结构的改变
4’25[字数：841]
the End of science: correlation supersedes the causation, no coherent experiment =>just search on Google
adding computer science techniques to the techniques of their native field
some different scientist examples
作者: dakxt1 时间: 2014-11-18 21:47
T1
The spiraling shapes of sunflowers follow the feature of Fibonacci numbers. They are tight as much as they
can be to maximize ability to gather sunlight for plant. The reason that spiraling shapes follow the feature
of Fibonacci is auxin hormone. Such patterns might be universal in natrue.
T2
Compared to human who become dads in their 50s, a wild guppy, one kind of fish, can be a father long up to almost
8 months, 75 years in human term, after he dead. A group of scientist conducted a experience to test. Female
guppy contributes to this phenomenon, they can store her consort's sperm for month. The arrangement benefits for both
female and male guppies
T3
Overall cutting the use of fuels has proved a challeng, but if selectively reducing the particulate pollution will be
possible and helpful to reduce the climate change.
T4
Several papers are related to this topic. Although the selectively reduction is conductable, it should be careful.
When clean up sulfates from power plants, diesel emissions should also be made sure to cut down as well in case
the plannet would warm up.
T5
To study physical changes that contribute to the process
of spread of cancer cell throghout the body is diffcult
MIT team found that cancer cells with higher metastati potential are more
deformable than nonmetastatic cells, also, cancer cells also seem to traverse narrow channeels more
easily because they encounter less friion.
A further study will be performed.
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