A
abandoned = left adj.被抛弃的, 自甘堕落的, 没有约束的, 放荡的=
absorb = appeal
absorbed by = compensate for
absorbed = engrossed adj.全神贯注的, 一心一意的
abundant = plentiful（3）
accommodate = provide for（2）vt.供应, 供给, 使适应, 调节, 和解, 向...提供, 容纳, 调和vi.适应
accomplished = achieved adj.完成的, 熟练的, 多才多艺的=
accumulate = collect
accumulation = collection（2）
accurately = correctly（2） adv.正确地, 精确地
acquired through = gained from
address = speech n.地址, 致辞, 演讲, 说话的技巧vt.向...致辞, 演说, 写姓名地址, 从事, 忙于
adjacent = nearby（2） a
advent = arrival（2） n.(尤指不寻常的人或事)出现, 到来
affair = event
affair = matter n.事务, 事件, 私事, 恋爱事件, (尤指关系不长久的)风流韵aggregate = group n.合计, 总计, 集合体adj.合计的, 集合的, 聚合的v.聚集, 集合, 合计=
aggravate vt.使恶化, 加重 =annoy
akin to = similar adj.同族的, 类似的
allied with = link to（2）
allocate = designate vt.分派, 分配
allocated = designated（3） .分派, 分配=vt.指明, 指出, 任命, 指派v.指定, 指派
allow = enable vt.允许, 承认
ally with = link to
almost = nearby
aloft = overhead（2） adv.在高处, 在上
alter = change
alter = change to
although =but
altogether = completely
amenity = pleasant n.宜人, 礼仪
amount
ample ≠ limited adj.充足的, 丰富的
ample = plentiful（5） adj.充足的, 丰富的
annual
anticipate=expect vt.预期, 期望, v.预订, 预见, 可以预料
antiseptic = clean adj.防腐的, 杀菌的, 消过毒的n.防腐剂, 杀菌剂
antithesis = oppose n.对立面=v
antithesis = opposite
apparent = obvious（2） adj.显然的, 外观上的
apparently = clearly
appealing = attractive adj.吸引人的, 哀诉似的, 恳求似的
appear = seem vi.出现, 看来, 似乎, 公开露面, 出版, 发表
appreciable increase = noticeable increase
appreciable = noticeable（2） adj.可感知的, 可评估的
appreciative a欣赏的, 有欣赏力的, 表示感激的, 承认有价值的
approach
approaching = move toward
architecture = structure n.建筑, 建筑学=n.结构, 构造,建筑物vt.建筑, 构成, 组织
archived ＝stored vt.存档n.档案文件
ardent = enthusiastic（2） adj.热心的, 热情洋溢的, 激烈的, 燃烧般的
argue = debate vi.争论, 辩论vt.说服
arise = emerge vi.出现, 发生, 起因于
arose = emerge vbl.引发, 激起, 唤起
arrangement
articles = items
articulate = formulate adj.有关节的, 发音清晰的vt.用关节连接, 接合, 清晰明白地说
as well as = in addition to
assertion = strong statement n.主张, 断言, 声明=n.声明, 陈述, 综述
assistance = benefit（2） n.协助, 援助, 补助, <英>国家补助
assistance = help
assume = take on（4） vt.假定, 设想, 采取, 呈现
astute = agile（2） adj.机敏的, 狡猾的
astute = clever（3）
at random = not planning adv.胡乱地, 随便地
attesting = confirming v.证明= vt.确定, 批准, 使巩固, 使有效
attribute = characteristic（3） n.属性, 品质, 特征, 加于, 归结于
avid = enthusiastic（2） adj.渴望的
avid = eager
aware of = familiar with / in agreement with adj.知道的, 明白的, 意识到的
B
bare = uncover
barrier = obstacle（4） =impediment n.障碍, 妨害物
be bound to = be obliged to 一定要...= 不得不
be consistent with = be compatible with（2） adj.一致的, 调和的, 坚固的, [数、统]相容的
bear in mind = remember v.记住
being = creature n.存在, 生命, 人, 本质art.在, 有, 是
benefit = help
blend = combine（3） vt.混和n.混和
blocked = prevented（3） 封锁的, 闭塞的, 联锁的
blossom = thrive
bold = brave（2） adj.大胆的n.粗体
boldly = bravely（4）
bold = dare n.挑战vi.敢, 胆敢vt.敢冒, 不惧
bombast = hit（4） n.夸大的言辞
boom = flourish
breakthrough = sudden advance（3）
broad appeal = wide popularity（2）
broadly = extensively（2） adv.宽广地, 露骨地, 广泛
bulk = main part（2） n.大小, 体积, 大批, 大多数, 散装vt.显得大, 显得重要=
bulk = large part
bulk = great quantity
bulk = major part
bulk = majority
C
cache = hoard n.隐藏处所, 隐藏的粮食或物资, 贮藏物vt.隐藏, 窖藏n.高速缓冲存储器
calculate = determine（4）
call it a day n.今天到此为止, 暂停止
capitalize on = take advantage of v.利用
cardinal= fundamental adj.主要的, 最重要的
cargo = shipment
carting = transporting
cast = sample
cellar = basement n.地窖, 地下室, 酒窖, 藏酒量
central = essential
certain = some
certainty = exactness n.确定, 确实的事情
cherish = valuable vt.珍爱, 怀抱(希望等)=a
chronic = constant（2） adj.慢性的, 延续很长的
chronically = constantly
claim = maintain n要求, 要求权, 主张, vt.(根据权利)要求, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要
claimed = declared
cluster = group（4）
coalesce v.接合
cohesion
collaborate = cooperate vi.合作, 通敌
collaboration = joint effects
collectively = together（2） adv.全体地, 共同地
collide with = run into（2） v.冲突
collision = hit each other n.碰撞, 冲突
combination = mixture n.结合, 联合, 合并, 化合, 化合物
compelling adj强制的, 强迫的, 引人注目的
compel v
complement = supplement n.补足物, [文法]补语, [数]余角vt.补助, 补足
completely = totally（2）
completely = wholly
complex = elaborate adj.复杂的, 合成的, 综合的n.联合体=adj.精心制作的, 详细阐述的, 精细vt.精心制作, 详细阐述v.详细描述
complicated--made things more difficult,
component = constituent n.成分adj.组成的, 构成的
comprehensive adj.全面的, 广泛的, 能充分理解的, 包容的
comprise = include（2）
comprising = part v.包含, 由...组成
conceive vt.构思, 以为, 持有vi.怀孕, 考虑, 设想
concentrate = center v.集中, 浓缩
concern = interest vt.涉及, 关系到n.(利害)关系, 关心, 关注, 关注, 所关心的是
concern on = concern with
conclude = decide
condition = characteristic（2） n.条件, 情形, 环境, 社会地位vt.以...为条件, 使达到要求的情况
conduct = control n.行为, 操行v.引导, 管理, 为人, 传导
configuration = arrangement（3） n.构造, 结构, 配置, 外形
confronted = faced vt.使面临, 对抗
consequence = result（4） n.结果, [逻]推理, 推论, 因果关系, 重要的地位t
consequence = importance（3）
consequent = result
consider = think about（4） vt.考虑, 照顾, 认为
consider = think as
consider = view as
considerable = large adj.相当大(或多)的, 值得考虑的, 相当可观的
considerable = significant adj.作为结果的, 随之发生的t
consist of = made up of（4）
consistent = regular adj.一致的, 调和的, 坚固的
constellation = collection（3）
constitute = represent（4）
constraint=restrict n.约束, 强制, 局促=
construct
consume vt.消耗, 消费, 消灭, 大吃大喝, 吸引vi.消灭, 毁灭
contrive = create（3） v.发明, 设计, 图谋
contrive = invent（2）
contrived = invented
controlled = strongly structured（2） adj.受约束的, 克制的
controversy = disagreement n.论争, 辩论, 论战
conversion = change
convert into = change to（4）
convert to = change into
convert = transform
convinced = strongly belief（2） adj.确信的, 深信的
convicted = condemned = doomed = sentenced
cope = deal
cope with = deal with vi.(善于)应付, (善于)处理
copious= plentful adj.很多的, 广识的, 丰富的
core = central idea（2）
corroborative adj.确定的, 证实的
counsel = advise n.讨论, 商议, 辩护律师vt.劝告, 忠告
counter = oppose（3） n.计算器, 计数器, 计算者, 柜台, 筹码adv.prep.相反地--v
countervailing = compensating vt.补偿, 抵销vi.抵销
courageous = brave adj.勇敢的, 有胆量的
cover = include
creative = inventive adj.创造性的 = adj.善于创造的, 发明的
creasing = making n.折缝, 折痕v.折, 弄皱
critically = crucially（2）
crude = tough adj.天然的, 未加工的, 粗糙的, 拙劣的, 粗鲁的n.天然的物质
cycle = circle , series
D
debatable = questionable adj.可争议的=
debate = argue
decade = a period of ten years
decimate = destroy vt.每十人杀一人, 大批杀害
delegate n.代表vt.委派...为代表
delicate = dainty adj.精巧的, 精致的, 病弱的, 脆弱的, 微妙的, 棘手的, 灵敏的, 精密的
delight = n.快乐, 高兴, 喜悦v.(使)高兴, (使)欣喜
demand n.要求, 需求(量), 需要v.要求, 需要, 要求知道, 查询
demolition =destruction（2） n.破坏, 毁坏, 毁坏之遗迹
dense = think
dependable = reliable adj.可靠的
devote=dedicate ? n.堆积物, 沉淀物, 存款, 押金, 保证金, 存放物vt.存放, 堆积vi.沉淀=
deposit = accumulate
deposit = laid down
depicted =stressed vt.描述, 描写=n.重压, 逼迫, 压力, 强调, 重音vt.着重, 强调, 重读
desert = abandon（2）
derived = originated
devoid of = scant of
devoid of = lack of
devote = dedicate（2）
dictate = determine v.口述, 口授, 使听写, 指令, 指示, 命令, 规定n.指示devise = create（4）
dictated（2）
diligent = careful（2） adj.勤勉的, 用功的, 细心而继续不断的
diligently = carefully
dim = decrease
diminish = remove
diminish = reduce
disassemble = broke up
discard = abandon
discarded = threw away
discern = observe
discernible
discharge
disintegrated
disoperation
disperse = scatter（2）
dispersal = distribution n.散布, 分散, 消散, 驱散, 疏散 n.分配, 分发, 配给物, 销售,区分, 分类发送,发行
disposition = temperament
dissemination = spread（5）
distinction = difference（3）
distribution = dispersion（3）
diversity = variety .人为的, 做作的=
documented = recorded
domestic = home
draft
drafted
dramatic = striking
draw = attract
drawn = attracted v.拉, 曳, 牵, 画, 绘制, 拖曳vt.汲取, 领取, 提取, 引起, 吸引vi.向...移动, 挨近n.平 局, 和局, 拖曳 -----vt.吸引vi.有吸引力, 引起注意
duplicate = copy
dweller = resident
E
eager = enthusiastic（3） =avid
earn = require
earned = acquired
elaborate = detailed
eliminate = remove（2） vt.排除, 消除v.除去
embed = implant（3）
emerge = arise
emergence = arise
emergence = appear
emergent = developing（2）
encompass = include（2）
encompass = involve
endangered
endangered ≠ abundant
endeavor = attempt
endeavor = enterprise
endeavor = enterprise n.努力, 尽力vi.尽力, 努力=n.企业, 事业, 计划, 事业心, 进取心, 干事业
engage in = participate in = involve
engross = absorb（3）
enlarge = broaden
enlist = obtain（3）
enrich = enhance
enroll to one = combine（2）
enterprising = innovative
entire = complete
environment = setting
environment = substance n.环境, 外界=n.物质, 实质, 主旨
equipped = furnished（2） vt.供应, 提供, 装备, 布置v.供给
erect = build
erode = diminish
erroneous = wrong（2）
escalate = expand（2）
escalate = grow
estimate = approximate
euphoria = extreme happiness（2）
euphoric = extreme happy
eventually = latter（2）
eventually = ultimately
evidence = proof n.明显, 显著, 明白, 迹象, 根据= n.证据, 试验, 考验adj.不能透入的,
证明用的, 防...的, 有耐力的vt.检验, 校对, 使不被穿透
evident = apparent
evident = obvious
evolve = develop（3）
exacerbate = worsen
examine
examined = required
excavated = dug out v.挖掘, 开凿, 挖出, 挖空
exceedingly = extremely（2）
exceptionally = unusually
exclusively
extant (opposite) extinct
extend > conclude? v.扩充, 延伸, 伸展, 扩大[军]使疏开, 给予, 提供, 演化出的全文=v.结束, 终止, 决定, 作出结论vt.推断, 断定, 缔结, 议定
exert = reflect（2）
exhausted = tired
exhibit=demonstrate
expedience = advantage
expend = reach
expend = use（2）
explicitly = clear
explicitly = clearly
exposure = disclosure
extant ≠ extinct
extant = remaining
extant = existing
extant = living
extend = reach
extent = magnitude = scale = liberal
extol = praise
extract = remove from（2）
extracted = removed（2）
extraordinary = exceptional adj.非常的, 特别的, 非凡的, 特派的 =adj.例外的, 异常的
F
fade away
familiar = well-known
far-reaching = broad（2）
fashion = popular
fashionable = popular
fashion from
fashion into
fashion out of
fashioned out of = made from（3）
ferry = carry（2）
ferry = transport
fertile = productively adv.有结果地, 有成果地
fierce = aggressive
first and foremost = above all
fixing
flake = fragment
flake = segment
flexible = adaptable
float = stay on the top（2）
flourish = thriving
fluctuation（2）
fluctuant = change
fluent = changeable
focal area = center
focal position
forage for = hunt for = search for
forge = create
form = were created
formation
foremost = above all
foster = encourage（2）
foster = promote
fragile
disassemble=break part
fragment = break up
frantic = desperate adj.狂乱的, 疯狂的=adj
function = purpose
function = utility
furthermore = determined
furthermore = in addition to（3）
fuse = blend
G
gather = collect
gauge = measure（2）
genre = type
give over to = use for
govern
greedy = avid
green hand = unskilled laborer（2）
groundless = unfounded（2） adj.无根据的, 没有理由的=
grounds = reasons（2）
guide = direct
gutsy = greedy
H
halt = stop
harness = utilize（4）
have nothing to do = in no relation to
hazardous = dangerous（6）
heavy volume
held = believed
hence = therefore（4）
hence = thus
high = tall
hinder = interfere with（2）
hues = colors
hygiene = cleanness
I
ideally = perfectly
identical = the same adj.同一的, 同样的-
ignite = set on fire（4）
illusions
immediate action = instant action（2）
immediate area = nearest area（2）
immediate
immense = large
immense = great
immoral = improper（2）
impact = influence（2）
impetus = stimulus
implausible = unbelievable
imposing = impressive
impression = image（2）
improvisation
in any case = regardless
in contract
in fact = actually
in terms of
in the country = the opposite side is true
in the rule = usual
in the terms of
inaccessible = unreachable（2）
inadvertent = improper adj.不注意的, 疏忽的, 无意中做的=adj.不适当的, 不合适的, 不正确的, 不合礼仪的, 不适宜
inadvertent = unintentional（3） adj.不是故意的, 无心的, 无意识的
incessant
inconceivable = unimaginable（3）
incorporate = include
incorporating = including
ineffectively = with out any result adv.无效地, 无用地 =
inert = motiveless（4）
inevitable = unavoidable（4） adj.不可避免的, 必然的=adj.不能避免的, 不可避免的, 不能取消的
infinite = unlimited
influential
infrastructure = foundation（7） n.下部构造, 基础下部组织=
inhabit
inhabit = dwell
inherent = internal, instinctive
initial = orginal
initiate = start（8）
initiative = naturally? / originally ? n.主动=
innovation = first develop
innovation = new
innovative =advance
innumerable = countless
intact = unaffectable adj.完整无缺的, 尚未被人碰过的
installation
instantaneous = immediate
instead of
intense = strong
intensity = strength（3）
intertwine = interweave
interwoven = intertwined
intrigue = fascinate（4）
invariable = without exception
irreparable（damage） = permanent（2）
irrupt = ruin
isolated = separated
J
jeopardy
joined = meet（4）
joined = connected（4）
joint = combination
junction = connection
juvenile
K
key =important（2）
kinetic = athletic
L
lading = cargo（2）
ladings = cargos
landscape = scenery
largely = mostly（2）
large = extensive
launch = initial adj.最初的, 词首的, 初始的
lead to = result in
legacy（2）
legitimacy = authority
lethargy = sluggish
liberal = extent（2）
liberal = generous
linked = connect
living ≠ extinct
locale = place
loot = steal
lucrative = profitable（4） adj.有利的
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发表于 2005-3-10 06:12:00
