Prep 1-essay 4

Essay #4.  094     (21680-!-item-!-188;#058&00094-00)

Some historians contend that conditions in the United States during the Second World War gave rise to a dynamic wartime alliance between trade unions and the African American community, an alliance that advanced the cause of civil rights.  They conclude that the postwar demise of this vital alliance constituted a lost opportunity for the civil rights movement that followed the war.  Other scholars, however, have portrayed organized labor as defending all along the relatively privileged position of White workers relative to African American workers.  Clearly, these two perspectives are not easily reconcilable, but the historical reality is not reducible简化，还原 to one or the other.这两个观点都是不符合实际的，一个是战争后UNION和非美人的联盟消失，没有给civil right机会，另外一个是UNION一直都在努力进行right斗争

Unions faced a choice between either maintaining the prewar status quo or promoting a more inclusive approach that sought for all members the right to participate in the internal affairs of unions, access to skilled and high-paying positions within the occupational hierarchy, and protection against management's arbitrary authority in the workplace.  While union representatives often voiced this inclusive ideal, in practice unions far more often favored entrenched interests.  The accelerating development of the civil rights movement following the Second World War exacerbated the unions' dilemma, forcing trade unionists to confront contradictions in their own practices.当civil right发展到消除两难境地（保持现状还是斗争right）UNION才开始斗争了

Question #12.  094-02
            (21772-!-item-!-188;#058&000094-02)

According to the passage, the historians mentioned in the first highlighted portion of text and the scholars mentioned in the second highlighted portion disagree about the

(A) contribution made by organized labor to the war effort during the Second World War

(B) issues that union members considered most important during the Second World War

(C) relationship between unions and African Americans during the Second World War一个观点是二战UNION和AA接成联盟,战后就消失了，另外一个说organized labor(=union)继续为AA争取权利，都是在说战后的情况啊？为什么用during呢

(D) effect of the Second World War on the influence of unions in the workplace

(E) extent to which African Americans benefited from social and political changes following the Second World War

这个题我选成D了，感觉他们之间的关系里面还是有点点二战的作用的，C我的疑问是“一个观点是二战UNION和AA接成联盟,战后就消失了，另外一个说organized labor(=union)继续为AA争取权利，都是在说战后的情况啊？为什么用during呢

请XDJM指教呀？

第一段里反复提到trade unions 跟 the African American community，则答案必然涉及到这2个方面

阅读晚上看吧,上班太不方便.

Some historians contend that conditions in the United States during the Second World War gave rise to a dynamic wartime alliance between trade unions and the African American community, an alliance that advanced the cause of civil rights.  They conclude that the postwar demise of this vital alliance constituted a lost opportunity for the civil rights movement that followed the war.  Other scholars, however, have portrayed organized labor as defending all along the relatively privileged position of White workers relative to African American workers.

我的理解:historians认为alliance between tu and AA caused the civil rights during the war (通过作者接下来的语气词说明是好事),并且after the war, civil rights failed to move because of demise of the alliance; 而scholars认为 organized labor(就是tu)是all along (一直,包括during 和after实际上是)保护white worker优于AA的某些权益,所以答案显而易见了.