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179. During the early years of European settlement on a continent that was viewed as "wilderness" by the newcomers. Native Americans, intimately knowing the ecology of the land. were a help in the rescuing of many Pilgrims and pioneers from hardship, or even death.
(A)Native Americans, intimately knowing the ecology of the land, were a help in the rescuing of
(B)Native Americans knew the ecology and the land intimately and this enabled them to help in the rescue of
(C)Native Americans, with their intimate knowledge of the ecology of the land, helped to rescue
(D)having intimate knowledge of the ecology of the land. Native Americans helped the rescue of
(E)knowing intimately the ecology of the land, Native Americans helped to rescue
Choice A suffers from the wordy and indirect expression were a help in the rescuing of. B creates an awkward, redundant, fused sentence in which the first clause has to be repeated in the vague this of the second clause; furthermore, the comma required before and in larger compound sentences is omitted. D and E are confusingly worded because they begin with present participles (having and knowing) that appear at first to refer to the immediately preceding noun, newcomers, rather than to Native Americans. D also has the wordy and unidiomatic helped the rescue of. Clear, direct, and economical, choice C is best.
解释说现在分词有修饰new comers的嫌疑，但是它与the new comers是用句号隔开的呀？另外，C中with表达的意思和用法各是什莫？
关于with的用法，还有几道题一直有疑惑，希望大家能解答。
og 25:
25：The end of the eighteenth century saw the emergence of prize-stock breeding, with individual bulls and cows receiving awards, fetching unprecedented prices, and exciting enormous interest whenever they were put on show.
这里with的用法作用和修饰对象？
141. Unlike transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same, all patients receiving hearts or other organs must take anti rejection drugs for the rest of their lives.
(A) Unlike transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same
(B) Besides transplants involving identical twins with the same genetic endowment
(C) Unless the transplant involves identical twins who have the same genetic endowment
(D) Aside from a transplant between identical twins with the same genetic endowment
(E) Other than transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same
In A and B, the phrases beginning Unlike... and Besides... modify patients, the subject of the main clause; thus A absurdly states that Unlike transplants ..., patients... must take ... drugs, and B that all patients except for transplants... must take ... drugs. In B and D the expression identical twins with the same genetic endowment wrongly suggests that only some identical twin pairs are genetically identical. In E, the construction Other than transplants..., all patients ... must take... drugs illogically suggests, as in B, that some patients are transplants. Choice C, the best answer, solves these problems by using a clause introduced by Unless to describe the exception to the rule and a nonrestrictive clause beginning with who to describe the characteristic attributed to all identical twins.
152. When the technique known as gene-splicing was invented in the early 1970's, it was feared that scientists might inadvertently create an "Andromeda strain," a microbe never before seen on Earth that might escape from the laboratory and it would kill vast numbers of humans who would have no natural defenses against it.
(A)it would kill vast numbers of humans who would have no natural defenses against it
(B)it might kill vast numbers of humans with no natural defenses against it
(C)kill vast numbers of humans who would have no natural defenses against it
(D)kill vast numbers of humans who have no natural defenses against them
(E)kill vast numbers of humans with no natural defenses against them
This sentence requires parallel verb forms within the relative clause that might escape... and kill. C, the best choice, uses parallel verb forms that are followed appropriately by the conditional would have in the who clause that modifies humans. Choices A and B each violate parallel construction by introducing a new independent clause, it would kill... and it might kill... Though choices D and E begin by observing parallelism, the use of them at the end of each creates a problem of pronoun reference: them cannot refer to the singular microbe. In addition, choices B, D, and E lack would and thus do not express the conditional.
如果B改为：kill vast numbers of humans with no natural defenses against it是否正确？with是否还存在着部分和整体的问题？从og141来看，with表示的是非限定修饰，表达的是部分的概念？
og 205:
205. The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them; the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is known as "standing waves."
with的修饰对象及用法如何？
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发表于 2005-1-24 14:14:00
