GWD 3-10

Q10:

Antarctica receives more solar radiation than does any other place on Earth, yet the temperatures are so cold and the ice cap is reflective, so that little polar ice melts during the summer; otherwise, the water levels of the oceans would rise 250 feet and engulf most of the world’s great cities.

1. is reflective, so that little polar ice melts during the summer; otherwise,
   
2. is so reflective that little of the polar ice melts during the summer; were it to do so,
   
3. so reflective that little polar ice melts during the summer, or else
   
4. reflective, so that little of the polar ice melts during the summer, or
   
5. reflects so that little of the polar ice melts during the summer; if it did

此题答案为B，IT是什么？指代不清，就算指代的是前面的polar ice ，DO SO指melts，polar ice 是不会象人一样主动去BE TO DO STH的，因此相比较我认为C更准确，省略助动词IS，因前面已有助动词，OR ELSE是口语用法，连词，UNLESS的意思，虽是口语但相对而言只有C更正确了，请讨论

B补全了就是IF IT WERE TO DO SO，虽是虚拟，还是不能用于物的主语呀，如果用虚拟，而IT又可清楚指代little of the polar ice，应该这样用，DID IT MELT，怎么可以用WERE TO DO，那是表如果IT准备去MELT了（但实际并没准备去MELT），怎说得通？请指教

首先，我认为题目可能有误：temperature不会cold吧？，应该是temperature is high or low

B的were it to do so我无法理解，ice cap是融还是不融。
因为前面用的是little of the polar ice>>"极少的冰融，大部分都不融"，那么分号后是要理解为1."如果极少的冰融了"？
2."如果极少的冰不融"？
3."大部分的冰不融"？
4."大部分的冰融"？

C的so reflects应该是可行的，前面若补出is反而错。这种省略的用法是要强调and前后两者的紧凑性，"既A且B"，不单单是要说"A与B"。由于要强调两者的紧凑性而做BE动词的省略，所以就不考虑时态或单复数了。

至于or else我个人感觉类似otherwise的用法，但因为个人阅读量极少，所以对or else不甚了解，还请大家指教

另外，little of the polar ice与little polar ice的意思表达有什么不同也请大家多讨论吧！

我也觉得题目有问题

1.      如mikeleven所说，temperatures are so cold很怪，应是temperatures are low才对

2.      大家应该也有注意到，gwd4-28也是这个题目，但(B)多个not(改成were it not to do so)，和本题句子意思刚好相反，但这二题答案都是(B)，不是很奇怪吗？

         我觉得解题还是应以句子的意思优先，本题(gwd3-10)(C)虽然语法有些瑕疵，但句意才是对的。

   而(B)were it to do so，it指代little of the polar ice，意思为：假若极少冰融了，海面将会升高250呎并且淹没世上多数大城市。这样意思不对啊！只有极少冰融了，怎么还会淹没世上多数大城市呢？

   但若是gwd4-28，我就会选(B)，因为意思对，语法也比(C)好，各位认为呢？

对楼上两位的分析深有同感！补充三点

1，gwd4-28, B还是不对

2, were it (not) to do so,  这个it指什么都不对，

按意思：little of polar ice －－－ irene2023 说了，不对。

按从句在主句前，从句中代词优先指代主句主语：the water levels of the oceans－荒谬

4，or else 在OG 阅读，逻辑题里大量出现 例句：

either…. , or else… 连接句子

People who take what others regard as a ridiculous position should not bother to say, “I mean every word!” For either their position truly is ridiculous, in which case insisting that they are serious about it only exposes them to deeper embarrassment, or else their position has merit, in which case they should meet disbelief with rational argument rather than with assurances of their sincerity.

either… or else 连接句子，两个谓语，或两个短语

Either a democracy does not function well or else the electorate is not moral or not intelligent.

Presupposing that each one of BanqueCard’s clients had either been overcharged or else had been undercharged by the billing error

For Juanita to get to the zoo she must take either the number 12 bus or else the subway.

The patient is suffering either from disease X or else from disease Y, but there is no available test for distinguishing X from Y.

单独用or else

Someone with severe nasal congestion has a sinus infection or else is suffering from an allergy

Our new computer network, the purpose of which is to increase productivity, can be installed during the day, which would disrupt our employees’ work, or else at night, which would entail much higher installation charges. Since saving money is important, we should have the network installed during the day.

非常赞同这样的说法，我在平时阅读中也确实碰到很多的这样的表达，即把第二个助动词给省略了！

注意：以下分析是错误的，特此提醒，以免误导大家。详见13楼rhod NN分析。

支持C项，B项逻辑意思有问题：如果这样了（温度低且冰盖反射强），海平面将上升...

我们都有常识，温度高了极地的冰融化了海平面才上升。所以B100%不对。另外or else是“否则”的意思，在这里用意思合理。

另外，我想问2个问题：

1、并列句的省略。我们都知道并列句be动词相同可以省略。

但这里的第二个be是is 而非 are, 能算一样的来省略么？另外，如果时态不一样的be能否省略。关于这些省略能否举出例子？

2、little 和 little of 的区别

我也支持选C，B中it指代little polar ice, 而不是polar ice，所以B的逻辑意思错误！

我以为我喜欢了B，结果发现内心对C的感觉确始终无法抹去，呵呵～～

...little of the polar ice melts during the summer; were it to do so,...

less 是代词＝only a small amount【Longman】，等于：

...only a small amount of the polar ice melts during the summer; were it to do so,...

所以这句话就是，翻成：...极冰的很少量在夏天融解，如果它这样做的话，大家就被淹了...，它是什么？要做什么？都很歧义。所以又有些不很喜欢B，倾向C了。

附Longman 中 or else的例子 （spoken）：

It must be important, or else he wouldn't have called at 3 a.m.

They must have thought everything was safe, or else they would have warned us.