GWD 6-31 B选项再讨论

Q31:

The fact of some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably on a spectrum of genetic relatedness.

1. The fact of some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably


2. That some fraternal twins resemble each other greatly while others look quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely that they vary considerably


3. With some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar, it highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely considerable variation


4. With some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar, it is a fact that highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely a considerable variation


5. Because some fraternal twins resemble each other greatly and others look quite dissimilar, this fact highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably

我的解答：

首先namely是副词，不能连接整个句子。

A.        the fact of 错，以为这里其实是要说明fact的内容，不是什么东西的fact，要用the fact that… 且本句是run-on句子.

B.         对. namely that they…中的that是代词，指代 feature.  但是其实也可理解为是that引导的同位语从句，可是逗号后面的同位语从句，绝对不能用that，而应该用which，所以这里可不可以是同位语从句，搞不准，请讨论。 所以这里如果能重现the feature或象C，D一样，用namely a considerable variation应该会更好吧。

C.        it指代模糊，且和with n + n，无法形成逻辑的对应关系。

D.        同C

E.         this fact无指代对象，且本句也是run-on句子

以前的讨论：http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=56107
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=54087
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=23&ID=59949&page=1

说几句概念性的问题.

1. 同位语从句的引导词只能是that. 定语从句的引导词可以是that, 可以是which. 一个是限定性，一个是非限定性。

2. 区分同位语从句和定语从句的方法：定语从句的引导词that, 或which, 必然在从句里面充当一个名词成分，比如主语或宾语。而同位语从句的that只有引导功能，不在从句里做任何一个成分。

谢谢.  有点明白了.

到底题中的that是什么作用啊？

B选项namely that they vary considerably中的they 指代什么呢？是fraternal-twin pairs吗？

我的观点：

Ａ：the fact of在SC里面很少作为正确选项，看几个例子

1.        Chronic low-level leaking and the routine discharge of drilling mud and mineral salts present considerable environmental risk during offshore oil drilling.

(A) Chronic low-level leaking and the routine discharge of drilling mud and mineral salts present considerable environmental risk during offshore oil drilling.

(B) The reason offshore oil drilling presents a considerably environmental risk is because of chronic low-level leaking and the routine discharge of drilling mud and mineral salts.

(C) A considerable risk to the environment is presented during offshore oil drilling, where low-level leaks are chronic and the routine discharge of mud and mineral salts.

(D) Offshore oil drilling presents a considerable risk to the environment due to the fact of chronic low-level leaks, and mud and mineral salts are routinely discharged.（A）

(E) Chronic low-level leaking, along with the routine discharge of drilling mud and mineral salts, are what make offshore oil drilling environmentally risky.

1.        Darwin was not the first to advance a theory of evolution; his tremendous originality lay in the fact that he proposed the idea of natural selection as the means by which evolution worked.

(A) lay in the fact that he proposed the idea

(B) lay in the fact of his proposing the idea

(C) laid in the fact of his proposing the idea

(D) laid in his proposal（E）

(E) lay in his proposal

1.        A discussion of our nation’s foreign policy must begin with the fact of there being an independent Western Europe which now thinks of itself in trans-nationalist terms.

(A) A discussion of our nation’s foreign policy must begin with the fact of there being

(B) Beginning any discussion of our nation’s foreign policy must be the fact of there being

(C) Any discussion of our nation’s foreign policy must begin with the fact that there is

(D) Any discussion of our nation’s foreign policy must begin by acknowledging the existence of（D）

(E) To begin discussing our nation’s foreign policy thee must be an acknowledgment of the fact that

另外A，namely后少一个that,说成run-on也可以的

Ｂ：正确

C：it 不知所云；with 短语是dangling modifier；

D：同C

E：Because使得原文多了一层cause-effect relation的意思；namely后少一个that

意思是that什么都不指代，之适应道一个句子，是吗？

就和it is hard to say that 里的that一样？