885-c-8

8.     The unprecedented increases in the prime lending rate this year has probably been brought about by business community’s uncertainty about the President’s position on the budget deficit.D

(A) in the prime lending rate this year has

(B) this year in the prime lending rate has

(C) this year in the prime lending rate having

(D) in the prime lending rate this year had

(E) in the prime lending rate this year have

答案是D，我选的是E，因为我觉得The unprecedented increases是发生在今年，而bring about应发生在increase之前，那么应该是过去完成是呀。。请NN指教。。。多谢！！

where did you get the answer?

The key is E in 大全.

过去完成时表达的时间含义是过去的过去，所以一般用来表达两个过去发生的动作的时间先后顺序。

这里只有一个动作，就是bring about, 所以没有必要用过去完成时。

另外，今年这个时间概念不一定就是表示过去， 因为今年包括了现在的概念。只有昨天，上个星期/月，去年才明确表示过去.