大全898和514（代词指代的问题）

898. Unlike that of human beings, who waste away when they go without food for long periods, hibernating bears exist for months on only their excess fat.

(A) Unlike that of human beings, who waste away when they go

(B) Unlike human beings, who waste away when they go

(C) Unlike human beings, wasting away when going

(D) Dissimilar to human beings, wasting away when（B）

(E) Lacking similarity to human beings, who waste away when

514.Most Corporations pay at least twice as much to full-time employees, if the value of benefits, sick days, and paid vacation days are included in earnings, than to part-time employees, whose hourly wages are often higher than those of their full-time colleagues.

(A) are included in earnings, than

(B) are included in earnings, as

(C) is included in earnings, than they pay

(D) is included in earnings, as is paid（E）

(E) is included in earnings, as they pay

一般规律是同一句中如果出现代词且数上一致，则应该指代同一对象才能不引起歧义（除非两个代词的单复数不一致可以明确区分指代对象），但是上面两个题，都出现了同是复数的代词和代词所有格的形式，却分明不指代一个对象。

问题是，在这种THEY/THEIR,或IT/ITS情况下怎样判断什么是ETS认为的不引起歧义的分别指代两个物体，什么时候又是错误的指代？有没个统一的说法？

偶是不是在钻牛角尖？

我觉得你的提问固然很有启发意义。但是GMAT对我们来说不过是个考试。我们没有必要关注解题以外的部分。我想我们都知道：只须州官放火，不许百姓点灯的道理。

而且我觉得这两句话中的指代都不存在歧义啊。

898 题 首先考虑UNLIKE比较, 排除A 另外DISSIMILAR TO和LACHING SIMILAR不是习惯用法 不能用于句首. C里WHEN后面带介词结构不合语法.只有B正确. B中我觉得因为是定语从句中的状语从句 代词优先指代限制的定语,即从句的主语,所以无歧义.

514题是这样的 AS...AS后面的代词THEY优先指代全句主语,也是唯一的主语; 后者THEIR指代的从句的主语 还有从句中是比较结构,所以不会引起歧义.

穆穆偶已经回答完你的问题了!

希望你对偶的解释满意!

C里when的后面没有介词结构啊？？？

我在纳闷898的C项,

Unlike human beings, wasting away when going 的状语省略形式逻辑主语应该是human being没问题,这样的省略本身是不是从语法上来说有问题?请赐教..

ding

省略应该是先有主句后从句为了避免重复时使用,可这里根本没有humanbeings的主句啊.

浅见,讨论!

我觉得这里前面是一个动词结构,wasting away的分词结构主语其实就是human being..

补全了就是Unlike human beings, who waste away when going...

欠讨论

我觉得这种出现代词指代不一的情况只能出现在至少有一个分句的句子里.

1Unlike human beings, who waste away when they go without food for long periods, hibernating bears exist for months on only their excess fat.

前面的who分句框定了they只能修饰human being.而后面的句子以hibernating bears 开头等于也框定了修饰对象

同样的道理也适用于句子2

Most Corporations pay at least twice as much to full-time employees, if the value of benefits, sick days, and paid vacation days  is included in earnings, as they pay to part-time employees, whose hourly wages are often higher than those of their full-time colleagues.

这里也有WHOSE的分句框定了修饰对象

而GMAT考试里考我们用到的这个排除规律(是同一句中如果出现代词且数上一致，则应该指代同一对象才能不引起歧义),题干一般都不会出现分句结构,自然 会引起歧义.

open to discussion..!