OG 144 定语从句还是现在分词结构

上新东方的时候有一条: 现在分词表示一个重复性动作或法律规定; 定语从句表示一个一次性动作. 比如:

1.     The Wallerstein study indicates that even after a decade young men and women still experience some of the effects of a divorce occurring when a child.

(A) occurring when a child

(B) occurring when children

(C) that occurred when a child

(D) that occurred when they were children（D）

(E) that has occurred as each was a child

这好理解, divorce是一个一次性动作

可是下面两句就不对啊!

144. Efforts to equalize the funds available to school districts, a major goal of education reformers and many states in the 1970’s, has not significantly reduced the gaps existing between the richest and poorest districts.

(A) has not significantly reduced the gaps existing

(B) has not been significant in reducing the gap that exists

(C) has not made a significant reduction in the gap that exists

(D) have not significantly reduced the gap that exists（D）

(E) have not been significant in a reduction of the gaps existing

现在完成时表明这个gap一直是存在的, 为何用从句呢?

还有:

199. Because the Earth’s crust is more solid there and thus better able to transmit shock waves, an earthquake of a given magnitude typically devastates an area 100 times greater in the eastern United States than it does in the West.

(A) of a given magnitude typically devastates an area 100 times greater in the eastern United States than it does in the West

(B) of a given magnitude will typically devastate 100 times the area if it occurs in the eastern United States instead of the West

(C) will typically devastate 100 times the area in the eastern United States than one of comparable magnitude occurring in the West

(D) in the eastern United States will typically devastate an area 100 times greater than will a quake of comparable magnitude occurring in the West（D）

(E) that occurs in the eastern United States will typically devastate 100 times more area than if it occurred with comparable magnitude in the West

地震不能一直发生吧.

还请牛牛指点一下吧.

144我觉得从句和v-ing都可以

199，其他的都错太明显吧~~~~

guan zhu

144有同样的困惑

199我是这样理解的。因为在用分词短语做定语是，要注意分词所表现动作发生的时间。一般有两种情况

1。表经常性或现在（当时）的状态，2分词表正在进行的动作。所以(D) in the eastern United States will typically devastate an area 100 times greater than will a quake of comparable magnitude occurring in the West可以理解为一种状态。或按照第2条理解为a quake of comparable magnitude that is occurring in the West。

我们还可讨论一下，新东方有些rule太绝对了

我认为144是定语从句  existing 对于gap是定语从句修饰而已

我来试着回答一下楼主的问题吧～～

首先我想说ＧＭＡＴ的答案是比出来的，也就是说总会有一些答案是没有绝对性错误的．如果你真的想研究的很细，我来告诉你ＤＯＩＮＧ　修饰与定语从句修饰的区别：

一，　Ｎ　ＤＯＩＮＧ　中　如果ＤＯ　是一个瞬间动词（如果不知道什么是瞬间动词，那就慢慢体会一下吧），那么它表示的是一个反复持续的动作，

比如，Ｉ　ＳＡＷ　ＨＥＲ　ＪＵＭＰＩＮＧ　（可能这个句子ＤＯＥＳＮ＇Ｔ　ＭＡＫＥ　ＳＥＮＳＥ）　表示我看见她在跳，这个跳不是跳一下就结束了，而是看见她在翻来覆去的跳（她有多动症）．　再比如Ｉ　ＨＥＡＲＤ　ＳＯＭＥ　ＯＮＥ　ＫＮＯＣＫＩＮＧ　ＡＴ　ＴＨＥ　ＤＯＯＲ．我听见有人敲门，不是敲一下，是当当当的来回敲．

　　　这种情况下，Ｎ　ＤＯＩＮＧ　就和定语从句修饰不同，也就是说为什么ＯＧ１选Ｄ

二　　如果Ｎ　ＤＯＩＮＧ　中的ＤＯ　是延续动词，那它修饰的作用与定语从句没有两样，都表示一直以来的动作如ＯＧ　１４４

Ｐ．Ｓ．　其实ＥＴＳ愿意考的是ＳＶＯ，ＤＯＩＮＧ　的形式，希望多多注意～！

问题问的好!

不是很理解, 帮着顶!

同意. 特别是刚开始做题不多的时候, 笃信不已啊!

以下是引用GMATCRACKER1983在2005-3-31 19:49:00的发言：

我来试着回答一下楼主的问题吧～～

首先我想说ＧＭＡＴ的答案是比出来的，也就是说总会有一些答案是没有绝对性错误的．如果你真的想研究的很细，我来告诉你ＤＯＩＮＧ　修饰与定语从句修饰的区别：

一，　Ｎ　ＤＯＩＮＧ　中　如果ＤＯ　是一个瞬间动词（如果不知道什么是瞬间动词，那就慢慢体会一下吧），那么它表示的是一个反复持续的动作，

比如，Ｉ　ＳＡＷ　ＨＥＲ　ＪＵＭＰＩＮＧ　（可能这个句子ＤＯＥＳＮ＇Ｔ　ＭＡＫＥ　ＳＥＮＳＥ）　表示我看见她在跳，这个跳不是跳一下就结束了，而是看见她在翻来覆去的跳（她有多动症）．　再比如Ｉ　ＨＥＡＲＤ　ＳＯＭＥ　ＯＮＥ　ＫＮＯＣＫＩＮＧ　ＡＴ　ＴＨＥ　ＤＯＯＲ．我听见有人敲门，不是敲一下，是当当当的来回敲．

　　　这种情况下，Ｎ　ＤＯＩＮＧ　就和定语从句修饰不同，也就是说为什么ＯＧ１选Ｄ

二　　如果Ｎ　ＤＯＩＮＧ　中的ＤＯ　是延续动词，那它修饰的作用与定语从句没有两样，都表示一直以来的动作如ＯＧ　１４４

Ｐ．Ｓ．　其实ＥＴＳ愿意考的是ＳＶＯ，ＤＯＩＮＧ　的形式，希望多多注意～！

多谢指正.

弱弱地问~~ＳＶＯ是何东东?