og127关于修饰对象的问题

A 为什么是modify Adjacent noun 而不是 govt 呢? 不是有一种说法: 代词优先替代原句主词的吗

如把A 的同位语想成 employee's paychecks, (which were)assigned by them, 大不了指paychecks 被assigned, 也没有证据说那个them 是一定指paychecks 啊

虽然选时觉得A的代名词很碍眼, 不选会有歧意, 但OG的解释写明了: the phrase "assigned by them " in A modifies the adjacent noun, paychecks

关于这个与法点很想搞亲楚, 还请NN指导

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=83083

上面说-ED 句尾是就近作定语, 算是解了我的迷

在我看来, A 跟 C 选项是两种不同的文法

C 是participial的问题, 修饰主语

A 是ed ,同位语 修饰其前的N

这个结论跟整理应该解了这题的迷吧?

个人理解:

   当过去分词在句末时，不管有无逗号，都是就近修饰名词

   而当现在分词在句末时，无逗号是就近修饰的名词的定语；而当出现逗号时，则是分词的省略结构，其逻辑主语为主句的逻辑主语。

黄色部分正确吗？请NN解释下，感激不尽

我的理解:

1.当过去分词在句末时，不管有无逗号，都是就近修饰名词;

2.现在分词在句末时，无逗号是就近修饰的名词的定语；

3.当现在分词在句尾且前有逗号时,修饰邻近句子的主语,做主语的伴随状语或做句子的伴随结果.因此不能用句尾现在分词修饰前面句尾的名词. 所以OG127说C选项:"the phrase having been assigned...is uncertain in reference,making the sentence unclear."-->就是说这个现在分词本来是应该修饰前面的employee的,却变成了修饰主语governments了.  (另外在GMAT里,having been done的用法错误,应直接用done) 

避免上述错误的方法:所修饰的名词在句尾用定语从句修饰--OG127正确选项B (而不用加逗号的现在分词修饰.其实分词是定语从句的省略形式,在句中无逗号分词(注意是无逗号的,有逗号的在句中有歧义)就比定语从句简洁)还有 OG120也是同样道理:修饰句尾名词,正确选项A用定语从句.E选项的句尾现在分词错误.

4.当现在/过去分词在句中且前没有逗号,修饰前面紧邻名词;

5.当现在/过去分词在句中且前后都有逗号,有歧义:1)修饰前面紧邻的名词,2)向后修饰后面句子的主语.

  这种结构在GMAT肯定错,如果修饰某句主语,则避免将该分词置于以名词结尾的句后.避免方式:1)用定语从句/介词短语明确修饰对象.2)可将分词提到句首,所修饰主语及所在句子紧跟其后-->形成句首分词修饰句子主语.见OG179

6.在前面有多个名词如名词1+介词+名词2结构,而要用分词修饰名词1时,为避免歧义要重复名词1即用同位语结构:名词1+介词+名词2,名词1+分词.见OG208

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总结的真好,谢谢

只有一道题，我用以上2）理论没解释通。此题选B,slowing应该是修饰unexciting merchandise as
well as the weather，拿掉非限定性定语从句不看，这又明明是修饰离得最近的名词。还请各位NN和tigercaiqun解答，谢谢。

(A) 
colder and wetter than was usual in some regions, which slowed

(B) 
which was colder and wetter than usual in some regions, slowing

(C) 
since it was colder and wetter than usually in some regions, which
slowed

(D)  being colder and wetter than usually in
some
            regions, slowing

(E)  
having been colder and wetter than was usual
            in some regions and slowed

(A)  colder and wetter than was usual in some regions, which slowed

(B)  which was colder and wetter than usual in some regions, slowing

(C)  since it was colder and wetter than usually in some regions, which slowed

(D)  being colder and wetter than usually in some
            regions, slowing

(E)   having been colder and wetter than was usual
            in some regions and slowed

这里slowing……可不可以理解成which（the weather） was colder and wetter than usual in some regions的伴随结果，还是做句子的伴随结果，所以前面NN总结的依然正确。菜鸟解释，大家指正。。。