抓抓版【第7-13章Manhattan笔记更新中】(7.16更新第6章抓抓修订版，含OG12-50疑问和ving作结果状语OG12-71例子）（第7（1）包含o

小花呱

这个世界确实很小~~mahattan我的整理是纸质版的。。。。差习语那张。。。等回学校直接打印下来好了~~~

抓抓sandra

我仍然存疑存疑存疑。。。先不管D选项哈。。
就说A
......， the gains in the stock market re?ect growing con?dence that the economy will avoid the recessionmany had feared earlier in the year and instead come in for a “soft landing,”这就变成了aero说的那种歧义。

这样的话，是可能had feared和instead come存在并列歧义。。

但为什么补出that就不存在了呢？ the recession that many had feared earlier in the year and instead come in for a “soft landing
我觉得是一样的啊。。

-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/8/9 22:29:52)

有了that之后，如果要让many had feared 和 instead come并列 的话，按照GMAC的习惯，and instead come应该改成and that instead come~


the recession that many had feared earlier in the year and that instead come in for a “soft landing
这样才会有并列的歧义~

superbat28

老大~~~请看如下各种分析和想法。。如果你能有耐性读完的话T T

50. According to some analysts, the gains in the stock market reflect growing confidence that the economy will avoid the recession that many had feared earlier in the year and instead come in for a “soft landing,” followed by a gradual increase in business activity.
(A) that the economy will avoid the recession that many had feared earlier in the year and instead come
(B) in the economy to avoid the recession, what many feared earlier in the year, rather to come
(C) in the economy’s ability to avoid the recession, something earlier in the year many had feared, and instead to come
(D) in the economy to avoid the recession many were fearing earlier in the year, and rather to come
(E) that the economy will avoid the recession that was feared earlier this year by many, with it instead coming


看了一堆帖子，逐个分析一遍~抓老大审阅哈~
A: 我现在对that的补出已经没有问题了，同意老大意见。但是对于从句并列，抓抓看看我的如下分析对不对（一直是理论，还从未得到完整的实践检验）
1.定语从句或宾语从句及其他任何从句，如果并列，且从句主语不一致时，一般是that从句1(,)and that从句2
例如：The boy that I had feared, and that many people loved is her boyfriend. （定从）
OG12 Q139: The company announced that its profits declined much less in the second quarter than analysts had expected and that its business would improve in the second half of the year. （宾从）

2.但是如果并列的从句（前提是一定是两个相同的从句，比如只能是两个定语从句，不能是一个宾从一个定从），主语一致时，可以从句内部并列（说不明白，请看例子）
例如： The boy that I had feared and loved is her boyfriend.（这个和上面例一都是我编的…）
OG12 Q8The big bang theory holds that the universe began in an explosion and has been expending ever since.

由此推论，此题原句：According to some analysts, the gains in the stock market reflect growing confidence that the economy will avoid the recession 【that many had feared earlier in the year】 and instead come in for a “soft landing,” followed by a gradual increase in business activity.
Avoid和instead相同主语economy，economy完成两个动作，逻辑上也正确。Confidence后面的that引导同位语从句。


B：第一个错误即是what，what不引导定语从句，更别提什么非限制性定语从句了。
第二个错误是in the economy to avoid这个结构。全句如果改成B选项，如下：According to some analysts, the gains in the stock market reflect growing confidence in the economy to avoid the recession, what many feared earlier in the year, rather to come in for a “soft landing,” followed by a gradual increase in business activity.

这里，魏小妞说to avoid修饰confidence，我有疑问：为什么可以跳跃指代economy？我对to do放在句尾的理解是：to do要么做定语修饰其邻近名词（如这里to do修饰economy），要么做句子状语修饰全句（这里做状语修饰reflect，to avoid发出者为句子主语gains）。但因为本身这种to do结构放句尾就是歧义的，所以一般都是错的。（而这也是我为什么认为to avoid在这里是错的的理由，而不是魏小妞说的to do的动作发出者是confidence，故错。）
而且最残酷的一点是to avoid在这里还不是做the economy的定语，而是其状语，表明economy去avoid和come。。to do要存在这么多的可能的话，那它一定是错的了。。。。


第三个错误，rather to come的错误。我感觉，这个结构的错，就错在rather，因为rather是个副词，且rather在不是用在”not”, “but”或”would”这三个词后面时不表示“宁愿”（应该就是这三个吧？不确定），当rather单独出现时表示to some degree的意思。
而对于副词来说，其后面一定是要加句子的，你也说到了，所以rather to do就错了。但是，我在想如果把rather改成and或者but了，是否就可以连接两个to do不定式了呢？（暂且假装to do不定式是economy的状语，然后两个目的to do用and连接就应该没有问题了吧？）

superbat28

C：According to some analysts, the gains in the stock market reflect growing confidence in the economy’s ability to avoid the recession, something earlier in the year many had feared, and instead to come in for a “soft landing,” followed by a gradual increase in business activity.

第一个错误，earlier in the year的位置。介宾短语如果要谓语名词之后，会出现做定语的歧义。。（哎，每次我都知道这点，一读句子还认不出来。。。）

第二个错误，instead to come.我觉得这个错法和B很像，在这个句子里economy’s ability to avoid… and instead to come是平行结构并无问题，尽管economy’s ability to说法很恶心。但错就错在instead了，一样，instead是一个副词（这个没验证呢啊！是我觉着的。。），后面不能加to do。但同样的，我在想如果变成economy’s ability to avoid… and/but to come是不是就可以了？（但感觉如果这么改了，无论是单独的and或单独的but，感觉都不像是在表达原来的and instead的意思）


D：According to some analysts, the gains in the stock market reflect growing confidence in the economy to avoid the recession many were fearing earlier in the year, and rather to come in for a “soft landing,” followed by a gradual increase in business activity.

这个句子我就有疑问了，为什么OG说一定要在recession后面补出that啊？就算不补出，也不会产生歧义的吧？~
但是对于其余的问题，比如were fearing的时态，以及rather to come的问题（与B一致）我并无异议。

E：E第一个错误就是recession后面的定语从句用了被动不好。第二个错误，with的复合结构的使用，把原来的两个对比动作，变成了主句状态伴随，改变原意。且it指代有误。

所以，综上~我对B，C，D疑问仍较大。。不过是不是说的话有点多啊= =

superbat28

对了~抓~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
给了字典下载地址吧~我下了个第5版，三个G，结果是个未破解T T

抓抓sandra

对了~抓~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
给了字典下载地址吧~我下了个第5版，三个G，结果是个未破解T T

-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/8/11 21:24:42)

词典我是装灵格斯词霸，然后再下载它的词库的，你可以去360软件里头找灵格斯哈~可好用了~
BTW 你的回复我还没仔细看，是有点多。。嘿嘿。。我今晚终于在啃OG SC了，弄完了来看~

抓抓sandra

1.关于OG12-139。

同意你整理的第一点。

不过我觉得139这题这个that的补出的主要原因不是因为主语不一致，而是因为不补出的话会变成：
The company announced... （一个句子）and its business would improve...
句意上原先是annouced的两个并列内容之一的从句 少了that 就变得疑似和announced并列的一个独立主句了。当然，这里真的要变成两个并列的句子的话，and前面也还要加上comma貌似，这一点你验证下我说的对不对，我不是很确定这个comma加不加有没有绝对的标准。

2.赞同。补充一个想法，有时候主语相同也可能要补出that，因为要避免和其他成分并列的可能性。比如我们之前一开始讨论的OG12-50。

3.关于to avoid：
（1）“to do要么做定语修饰其邻近名词（如这里to do修饰economy）”

这个不定式的修饰对象从逻辑上来说不可能是economy，而有可能修饰confidence是有原因的~

印象中to do不定式很少直接单独修饰一个noun，而是经常和其他的动作连用，因为它带有一个目的性，通常我们要先有一个动作、依赖这个动作来达到一个目的，有时候看上去是修饰最近的noun，但是最近的noun很可能只是另一个重要的动作的宾语。

例1 OG12-15
Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to revamp computer security procedures, institute new emergency response teams, and create a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.
这个to take charge of就是表达create...to take charge of..的动作的目的性的含义。OG的D选项就说了the sense of [to] is [in order to]。

基本上不定式to do是不可以修饰名词的，我之所以感觉这里有可能修饰confidence是因为confidence本身有一种put faith in的动作的含义，当然这种感觉不太可靠，还需要验证。
能够确定的是基本上to do是不可以修饰名词的，名词后加to一般是【固定搭配】或者【to为介词】的情况。

（2）“要么做句子状语修饰全句（这里做状语修饰reflect，to avoid发出者为句子主语gains）”

to do常常作状语修饰动词，但是印象中没有修饰全句的情况。修饰全句一般用v-ing现在分词当做【伴随状语】（v-ing动作主体是句子主语）或者【结果状语】（v-ing的动作主体不能是句子主语，而必须是整个句子的整体含义）。

4. 关于rather to come
赞同你的观点~

5. 认为改成but没有问题，但是不赞同关于instead的解释~
（1）先po一下我查到的instead的用法。
【1】instead of的用法很基本，我就不说了
【2】instead当副词单独出现。这个时候确实不能加to do。正确的用法看下面的例句。
【3】...but instead to do ..，表示转折，必须加上but（不能用and）。
VOA例句：
--INSTEAD, he chooses to use the word empathy. We spoke with Professor Baron-Cohen about his book using Skype.单独在句首的时候和rather一样的usage，也就是要在句首并且用逗号隔开。
--Following Monday's talks with Pakistani leaders, U.S. Senator John Kerry told reporters he had NOT COME TO ask forgiveness from Pakistan, but INSTEAD TO(注意这个to！) make repairs in the relationship caused by the U.S. raid.
--BUT he says psychiatric experts could INSTEAD define them as empathy disorders.
--BUT many lawmakers in Washington oppose easing restrictions on immigration and INSTEAD demand a crackdown against illegal immigration.
脑子不够清晰了，例子先放在这儿，先有个大概的感觉，规则明天来总结



（2）接下来看这道题本身：
根据查到的instead的各种用法，可以认为这题OG在C选项中解释的“ instead to come does not complete the second part of
the sentence idiomatically.”就是在说不能说“and instead to come”而应该说"but instead to come"。
to come有没有问题不是根据instead来判断，而是根据其他的结构。



我喘口气先~明儿接着弄~

Trisica

mark

抓抓sandra

bat不见了哇。。- -求讨论~

superbat28

bat不见了哇。。- -求讨论~

-- by 会员 抓抓sandra (2011/8/13 14:23:11)

我以为你那口气没喘完呢啊~哈哈。。嗯，我现在弄。。
早上弄double跟twice来着。。囧的我分析了一道语法题，就把一早上贡献给那两个词了= =