比较之庖丁解牛续之动词补出原则 - - 以as likely as与more likely than应用为例

aeoluseros

总纲：比较中是否要补出动词，一切看是否有歧义。但是当省略了也没有歧义的时候，补出和不补出动词在很多时候就不是绝对性的判断标准à只能用于相对性的比较。

比较中大原则还是看是否有歧义，具体的在庖丁解牛里面也有说，这里只是特别说一下as likely as…和more than的应用：

（一）as likely as:
(1) According to a 1996 study published in the Journal of Human Resources, Americans of Middle Eastern descent were twice as likely as the average American to be self-employed.
à不补出，是因为to do是放在后面了，不可能有歧义。
类似1：The Arthritis Research Institute of America advises women of color that they are twice as likely as White women to get osteoarthritis of the knee.
类似2：According to a survey of graduating medical students conducted by the Association of American Medical Colleges, minority graduates are nearly four times as likely as other graduates to plan on practicing in socioeconomically deprived areas.
(2)According to a new report by the surgeon general, women with less than a high school education were three times as likely to begin smoking as women who went to college.
à不补出，这里to do放在前面还是没有补出were，因为没有歧义。
(3) Traffic safety officials predict that drivers will be as likely to exceed the proposed speed limit as they are the current one.
à补出。这个例外是因为不同点the current one是宾语，为了表明它是宾语，所以要加上主谓。
所以要注意：有宾语和没有宾语是不同的。

（二）more than:
(1) 主语比较1：
Stresses that girls experience are more likely to result in depression than are those that boys experience.
à补出，主语比较，因为than前面比较成分已经包含了完整主谓宾，所以要补出are来表明是主语比较。
类似1：prep2-132. A study published in the British Medical Journal showed that women who ate nuts more than five times a week were about one third less likely to suffer from coronary heart disease than were those who ate no nuts at all.
(2) 主语比较2：
Authoritative parents are more likely than permissive parents to have children who as adolescents are self-confident, high in self-esteem, and responsibly independent.
à不补出，主语比较，因为前面成分并没有宾语，所以不需要补出谓语来表明它是主语
类似1：A survey of 765 working women over eighteen years of age found that 60 percent of them worked 40 or more hours a week and that married women with children under eighteen were more likely than other married women to work shifts different from their husbands'.
类似2：A study on couples' retirement transitions found that, unlike men who took new jobs after retiring from their primary careers, women who did so were more likely than those who retired completely to report high marital satisfaction.
类似3：大全675. Studies show that young people with higher-than-average blood pressure whose families have a history of high blood pressure are more likely than others to develop a severe form of the condition.
(3) 状语比较：
Shipwrecks are more likely to be found undisturbed at great depths than in shallow coastal waters, where archaeological remains are exposed to turbulence and are accessible to anyone in scuba gear, whether archaeologist, treasure hunter, or sport diver.
à不补出，状语比较，直接加状语即可。
类似1：大全768.The investor who is uncertain about the future is more likely to put money into blue-chip stocks or treasury bills than into gold.
(4)宾/表语比较：
According to a recent study, the elderly in the United States are four times more likely to give regular financial aid to their children than to receive it from them.
à不补出谓语动词，直接加宾/表语，be likely to do结构中，be为谓语动词，likely为形容词，to do可视为宾/表语。
(5) 其他：
Results of a United States study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine have shown that college-educated women and women living in the South and West are significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than women living in the Northeast and Midwest.
à例外句！！！不补出。但本句属于主语比较，且than前面比较成分已经包含了完整主谓宾，为何不加只有一个理由：即没有歧义，没有use women living in the N and M的歧义。à所以主语比较时，是否补出，并不是绝对性原则，GMAT不会在这一个点上考我们，关键是要进行各选项比较。没有绝对正确的句子！

综上，比较中是否要补出动词，一切看是否有歧义。但是当没有歧义的时候，补出和不补出动词在很多时候就不是绝对性的判断标准à只能用于相对性的比较。

对于除了more likely than...与as likely as...之外的比较补出原则讨论参见下帖：
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-537203-1-1.html
附《比较之庖丁解牛》：
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-103101-1-1.html

arish

谢谢大牛，非常有用

horsecc

精品啊！

frankiesun

谢谢Aeolueros（对不起，名字写错了，我改过来了！）的详细解释。
这个补出原则非常重要。很有用的解释。跪谢啊！
我通常的做法是：把省略掉的部分尝试补出来，看看逻辑理解是否障碍或者扭曲了原意；其次看看，补出的成分充当了什么成分；最后，我尝试把重复的部分删掉。
可能比较费时费力的办法。
希望Aeolueros理解我的冒昧！呵呵~~~

horsecc

我给状语比较加个例子


类似2：2. GWD-18-Q11
In no other historical sighting did Halley’s comet cause such a worldwide sensation as did its return in 1910-1911.
A.    did its return in 1910-1911
B.    had its 1910-1911 return
C.    in its return of 1910-1911
D.    its return of 1910-1911 did
E.    its return in 1910-1911

夜色微蓝

这么好的帖子，来晚了来晚拉~~~~~

aeoluseros

frankiesun言重，丝毫未感冒昧。

其实我也是按照你那样的方法去排除的，加上选项之间的比较，感觉其实这种做法并不慢，通常熟练的话还是能够30秒之内判断出来的。

alannesta

前排留名

爱吃巧克力

谢谢aeo，永远为CD无私奉献的大神

aeoluseros

谢谢aeo，永远为CD无私奉献的大神

-- by 会员 爱吃巧克力 (2011/4/27 9:37:45)

mo，谢谢巧克力:-)...
我很平凡的，很多不懂，难得有这么一个平台可以大家一起讨论问题:-D