【每日阅读训练第四期——速度越障3系列】【3-20】文史哲

泾渭不凡

速度
The Fishing Guide Who Hooked Hedge-Fund Titan Bill Ackman
计时1
Oliver White is 32 years old, rake-thin and brown eyed, with windblown hair that pokes from his hat as if seeking the sunlight. Thanks to an unlikely meeting with one of the world’s most powerful hedge fund managers, White is a brand in the making in the fishing and travel industry. But the day we meet, at Snake Cay, an expansive flat of knee-deep water on the western shore of Great Abaco Island in the Bahamas, he has gone back to his roots.
White stands barefoot on a platform on the back of his skiff, using an 18-foot graphite pole to nudge the shallow-draft boat along. He scans the water for bonefish, the prized fly rod quarry of the Bahamian flats, shadowy in natural silver and black camouflage.
Leadership Lessons From Fishing Guides
Monte Burke
Forbes Staff
 “There’s one, man. Two o’clock,” he tells me. I spot the fish—a large one—and cast. As my 2-inch-long shrimp fly nestles on the sandy bottom, I give it a few tugs to make it lifelike. The bonefish follows the fly for a few feet, then suddenly flushes, creating a 25-yard-long wake as it flees.
“Don’t worry, man. There’ll be others,” White tells me. And he’s right. There are many more shots at great fish—with some actually landed—during my three days at Abaco Lodge, where White is the manager and part-owner, and a very busy man. In a whirlwind 72-hour period White will simultaneously play host to a group of fun-loving Canadian doctors, sign contracts to write a book and host a fishing television show, work on a deal to sell this lodge and buy another, and pinch-hit as a guide.
【字数：288】
计时2
His BlackBerry is always present, its ring puncturing the serenity of the flats, as incongruous as a chain saw at an opera. But it’s all part of building a business and a brand. “I want to make some money,” White says. “But it’s about the lifestyle, too. I really like not wearing shoes.”
One morning in January 2004 two men walked into Kau Tapen, in Argentina’s Tierra del Fuego, a lodge catering to a discriminating, highly skilled subset of the fly-fishing world. It is no place for amateurs.
White, then 24, was one of the lodge’s head guides. He had graduated with a degree in philosophy from the University of North Carolina, then taken a job as a flyfishing guide. As it turned out, he was very good at it. He guided, among others, Blackstone’s Tony James; Bob Rich, the owner of Rich Food Products; and Ilya Sherbovich, the Moscow banker. He was entering his third year at Kau Tapen when he spied the two men. They seemed very much out of place.
What little gear they had—waders and hats—was brand new. They did not have rods. One man had a shock of gray hair that belied his youthful face. His name was Bill Ackman, the hedge fund impresario who had, that very week, launched Pershing Square Capital Management 6,500 miles away in Manhattan. Ackman had won his fishing trip at a charity auction. “I was told it was the best place in the world to fish,” he says. The only problem: Neither he nor his friend had ever flyfished. It was the equivalent of showing up for a tee time at Augusta National when the extent of your golf experience was a few rounds of putt-putt.
【字数：289】
计时3
White became Ackman’s guide on the trip and taught him how to fly-fish. “Bill was demanding and very inquisitive,” says White. The two talked about “fishing and life,” says Ackman.
By the end of the week Ackman had caught a 24-pound sea-run brown trout on a fly, then returned the favor with an astounding offer: a job. “Oliver was extremely bright,” says Ackman. “I told him I would send him 12 books on investing—by Graham, Greenblatt, Lynch and Buffett—and that when he’d finished them, he should call me.” Says White: “I really didn’t think that much of it. You meet clients who offer you things all the time.”
But when White returned to the States for the summer to guide in Jackson Hole, Wyo., he was greeted with the box of books. “I read them all,” says White. “But I still wasn’t sure about all of this. Finance had never intrigued me. But Bill did.”
He called Ackman. Ackman flew White to New York in the fall of 2005, put him up in a hotel and gave him $10,000 in spending money. That December Ackman hired him to be one of the five analysts at his hedge fund, which at the time had $1 billion in assets. It is a job for which Ackman says he receives “a zillion résumés a day.” The other four analysts at Pershing Square had M.B.A.s and had gone through all of the proper channels. But, says Ackman, “I thought it was good to have someone out of the mainstream.”
Says White: “Only later would I realize that I’d drawn the winning lottery ticket.” (Since then Ackman has hired his tennis pro and a man whom he met in a cab.)
【字数：289】
计时4
White, starting with a salary of $60,000 (plus a year-end bonus), spent the first six months shadowing Ackman and carrying around a yellow legal pad to write down phrases and concepts he didn’t understand (“which was most things”).
But he learned, then started to contribute. He persuaded Ackman to take a position in Legg Mason. When Pershing Square pushed for a director change at Ceridian, White—through his fishing connections—sleuthed out that the director in question had indeed been using the company plane for private fishing trips. (The director was ousted.) The firm’s assets rose to $7 billion while White was there. The former fishing guide “added a ton of value,” says Ackman. “After all, what we do here is really just fishing, too.” Near the end of White’s second year at Pershing Square, Ackman—who was on the board at Harvard Business School—encouraged White to apply there to polish his skills. “For a middle-class southern kid it was a huge opportunity,” White says. But during the application process, as he took a step back to assess his life, White decided that something important was lacking in his life. “I missed the woods and the water. I missed having the time to think,” he says.
He decided he wanted to get back into the fishing world and find some balance between making money and his desired lifestyle. Ackman offered to back him in a new venture.
White canvassed the fishing world, using the skills he’d learned under Ackman. “I realized I’d gotten my M.B.A. already,” says White. “I knew how to read financial statements, write a contract, negotiate and figure out the exposure.”
In early 2008 White found an old, dilapidated day-rate hotel in Abaco situated right on the famous Marls, a 200-square-mile marine wilderness, and just a few miles from some of the most challenging bonefishing in the world on the western shore.
【字数：316】
计时5
The owners asked for $1.2 million. White created a model, then offered half of that in cash. They bit. He and Ackman started construction on what became Abaco Lodge in October 2008.
Then White brought Nervous Waters, the fishing lodge company that owns Kau Tapen, into the deal. Nervous Waters bought a portion of Abaco Lodge in exchange for selling White and Ackman a piece of Bair’s Lodge in Andros, a profitable, premier property. Together, White and Ackman invested more than $2 million. There were a few complications. Some local guides took to bad-mouthing White and the Yankee-dollar-funded lodge. Then, during construction, White was kidnapped and tied up in a car. He eventually escaped after persuading his captor to let him go to an ATM. (The man is in jail without bond. The trial is scheduled for 2014.) White now has a trained 85-pound German shepherd named Bono for constant company.
Abaco Lodge opened in May 2009 with a bang, hosting the ESPN fishing show Pirates of the Flats, which featured NBC’s Tom Brokaw and Patagonia founder Yvon Chouinard. The lodge has been full during the October to June season ever since, says White, and the guest return rate is a healthy 60%. It’s easy to see the allure: White has created a convivial place with extremely capable guides and fishing that is unrivaled in the Bahamas. It’s also already in the black, which has made White’s backer happy. “Not bad for a startup,” says Ackman.
And the lodge is only one part of White’s plan. There’s the book and the TV show. He also has endorsements from Costa del Mar (sunglasses), Howler (fishing apparel) and Hatch (reels). He’s currently in talks with Nervous Waters to either sell them Abaco Lodge outright or to buy out their portion. “It’s time for me to either own it or leave it,” White says. And he’s bidding on a property on the east coast of Mexico that offers exquisite fishing for bonefish, tarpon, permit and snook.
【字数：333】
自由阅读
For now he is putting in 100-hour workweeks and keeping constant company with his BlackBerry. But as he watches the lodge’s boats disappear every morning into the endless Bahamian horizon, he dreams of the barefoot days to come and remembers that good luck is only what you make of it.
【字数：50】
越障
Historical materialism
Historical materialism is a methodological approach to the study of society, economics, and history, first articulated by Karl Marx (1818–1883) as "the materialist conception of history". Historical materialism looks for the causes of developments and changes in human society in the means by which humans collectively produce the necessities of life. Social classes and the relationship between them, plus the political structures and ways of thinking in society, are founded on and reflect economic activity.
Since Marx's time, the theory has been modified and expanded by thousands of Marxist thinkers. It now has many variants.
Key ideas
Historical materialism started from a fundamental underlying reality of human existence: that in order for human beings to survive and continue existence from generation to generation, it is necessary for them to produce and reproduce the material requirements of life. Marx then extended this premise by asserting the importance of the fact that, in order to carry out production and exchange, people have to enter into very definite social relations, most fundamentally "production relations".
However, production does not get carried out in the abstract, or by entering into arbitrary or random relations chosen at will. Human beings collectively work on nature but do not do the same work; there is a division of labor in which people not only do different jobs, but according to Marxist theory, some people live from the work of others by owning the means of production. How this is accomplished depends on the type of society. Production is carried out through very definite relations between people. And, in turn, these production relations are determined by the level and character of the productive forces that are present at any given time in history. For Marx, productive forces refer to the means of production such as the tools, instruments, technology, land, raw materials, and human knowledge and abilities in terms of using these means of production.
Writers who identify with historical materialism usually postulate that society has moved through a number of types or modes of production. That is, the character of the production relations is determined by the character of the productive forces; these could be the simple tools and instruments of early human existence, or the more developed machinery and technology of present age. The main modes of production Marx identified generally include primitive communism or tribal society (a prehistoric stage), ancient society, feudalism, and capitalism. In each of these social stages, people interact with nature and produce their living in different ways. Any surplus from that production is allotted in different ways. Ancient society was based on a ruling class of slave owners and a class of slaves; feudalism was based on landowners and serfs; and capitalism based on the capitalist class and the working class. The capitalist class privately owns the means of production, distribution and exchange (e.g., factories, mines, shops and banks) while the working class live by exchanging their socialized labour with the capitalist class for wages.
Marx identified the production relations of society (arising on the basis of given productive forces) as the economic base of society. He also explained that on the foundation of the economic base there arise certain political institutions, laws, customs, culture, etc., and ideas, ways of thinking, morality, etc. These constituted the political/ideological superstructure of society. This superstructure not only has its origin in the economic base, but its features also ultimately correspond to the character and development of that economic base, i.e. the way people organize society is determined by the economic base and the relations that arise from its mode of production.
Historical materialism can be seen to rest on the following principles:
? 1. The basis of human society is how humans work on nature to produce the means of subsistence.
? 2. There is a division of labour into social classes (relations of production) based on property ownership where some people live from the labour of others.
? 3. The system of class division is dependent on the mode of production.
? 4. The mode of production is based on the level of the productive forces.
? 5. Society moves from stage to stage when the dominant class is displaced by a new emerging class, by overthrowing the "political shell" that enforces the old relations of production no longer corresponding to the new productive forces. This takes place in the superstructure of society, the political arena in the form of revolution, whereby the underclass "liberates" the productive forces with new relations of production, and social relations, corresponding to it.
Marx's clearest formulation of his "Materialist Conception of History" was in the 1859 Preface to his book "A contribution to the Critique of Political Economy," whose relevant passage is reproduced here:
"In the social production of their existence, men inevitably enter into definite relations, which are independent of their will, namely relations of production appropriate to a given stage in the development of their material forces of production. The totality of these relations of production constitutes the economic structure of society, the real foundation, on which arises a legal and political superstructure and to which correspond definite forms of consciousness. The mode of production of material life conditions the general process of social, political and intellectual life. It is not the consciousness of men that determines their existence, but their social existence that determines their consciousness. At a certain stage of development, the material productive forces of society come into conflict with the existing relations of production or — this merely expresses the same thing in legal terms — with the property relations within the framework of which they have operated hitherto. From forms of development of the productive forces these relations turn into their fetters. Then begins an era of social revolution. The changes in the economic foundation lead sooner or later to the transformation of the whole immense superstructure. In studying such transformations it is always necessary to distinguish between the material transformation of the economic conditions of production, which can be determined with the precision of natural science, and the legal, political, religious, artistic or philosophic — in short, ideological forms in which men become conscious of this conflict and fight it out. Just as one does not judge an individual by what he thinks about himself, so one cannot judge such a period of transformation by its consciousness, but, on the contrary, this consciousness must be explained from the contradictions of material life, from the conflict existing between the social forces of production and the relations of production."
Perhaps the most influential recent defense of this passage, and of relevant Marxian and Marxist assertions is G.A. Cohen's Karl Marx's Theory of History: A Defence.
【字数：1114】

beatG650

scecond

Olina加油

1'11
1'10
1'06
1'17
1'13
4'35

暮已央

今天总算赶上了前排~
今日是饭饭姐的文啊~撒花欢迎~
速度：
1:40；
怀特先森和我的钓鱼经历，他怎么怎么指导我钓鱼~他是个大忙人，签签合同主持节目等等~
1:39；
怀特先森在24岁就有了自己的旅馆，他从大学毕业后从事飞鱼指导，并干得很出色。这时候有两个人出现~
一个叫BA的人说他认为这里是最好的飞鱼钓场，虽然他从没有这方面的经验~
1:19；
怀特教会了Bill飞鱼，Bill大的，所以他很高兴，愿意提供一个工作给怀特，先给了怀特12本书让他看
怀特认为自己不会财经类东东，他看完了书，飞去纽约找BA，成为了Bill公司中五大财经顾问之一
（怀特先森真幸运啊，就像中了乐透~）
1:36；
怀特薪水很高，赚了不少钱，但他怀念渔场生活了，于是请辞，Bill同意了
怀特回到了fishing world，他觉得Bill教给了他很多
1:55
怀特买了个旅馆（或者说山林小屋），他和Bill一起建造投资，然后···就是这个旅馆的过程~
怀特现在干很多事，不仅经营旅馆，而且写书，做电视节目~~这都是他计划的一部分~
（啊~做完速度我好想吐槽~W和B啊~真是的，B为啥要一个外行来公司啊，还是那么高职位高薪水，放他走时还给他投资~除非…你懂得…）
越障：
7:00；
（OMG~今天的政治理论文真心困难~）
全文围绕马克思的历史唯物主义讲的吧~
首段是概念，引出这个概念的提出这是马克思，发扬光大的是马克思主义者们
后几段均为key ideas，有些混乱，但是应该提到了：
人类的存在，生产力和生产关系，社会阶级的历史演变（经历四个阶段）
经济基础决定上层建筑，社会的框架结构，以及5点principles。
最后是不是有提到生产性力量的形成形式和社会改革？
最后说最重要的一点影响是：A defence.

树姑娘

感谢~占座~
------------------------
1'52
1'51
1'42
2'02
2'22
7'41
Karl Marx's theory of the HM
Key points-Production relations,
                -labor division,
                -Stages of the process of the society.
5 Principles of the theory.
A preface of a book which reveals Marx's thoughts.
The recent defense of KM's assertion is in the book: The defence.

jolene91

2.012.02
1.41
1.45
2.08
8.27
为什么我觉得我阅读速度是越练越慢了。。。。。。。。。。

mslancaster

1'05 white is a legend in hedge fund, and he is good at fishing and traveling. I know him in an unusual event.
fish with him, described what happend during our fishing.

1'24 introduced more specificly about white, and about 5 ppl who went fish with him, in a professional fishing area. those ppl are all elites in business, especially finance industry.

0'55
talks between white and ackman, more specificly introduced them in each other's words. both of them highly evaluated each other.

1'00
more stories about white and ackman, in their office life and career path.

1'18

earned money in work place, white start his business or his life in fishing. he bought two places, spend lots of money. he was kidnapped, luckily escaped. so he trained a german shepherd to guard. now his life is like what we read earlier in this paragraph.

自由阅读：10秒左右吧，现在white的生活就是住在钓鱼场然后用blackberry工作。

说说感想：就是一个典型的赚钱给自己享乐的人嘛..........十几亿买个钓鱼场，没见他做什么好事，这帮家伙对别人评价高只建立在金钱的基础上，不喜欢老美这种价值观。就像暮已央说的，除非他们是一对好基友，哈哈哈哈哈哈


4‘24

看楼上说难吓死我了，结果发现是个自己熟的题材，读完了不到5分钟....

就是讲的Historical Mechanism这个理论，就是小时候政治课学过的生产资料啊，劳动啊，劳动者地位啊，生产资料持有者地位啊，社会经济总量啊，科技水平啊，宗教信仰啊等等对社会形势发展的影响，最早的tribunal部落社会（原始社会）什么样，然后奴隶社会什么样，封建社会什么样，最后是资本主义社会什么样，然后说人不应该去依照社会形态评价历史，而是应该科学的对待这个规律，运用这个规律来解释社会变革和社会矛盾。然后介绍了一本书还是一个论文，是关于马克思主义者和马克思主义的，什么GA谁谁写的，叫A defence



个人感觉饭饭这两个文章选的是有关联的，还是我想太多了？先说了资本主义社会一帮人如何贪图享乐，虽然很聪明却就是享乐，然后被绑架了（社会矛盾），又介绍了一下马克思的理论
读着觉得很有意思，饭饭辛苦了！

猫咪团团

1:31
1:18
1:33
1:56
1:54
15'

7:38

cleotina

7-1
1'42
I, the author, met a man named white in his thirties.who is a famous hedge

fund manager, and also a band of fishing. we together fishing for several

days. and his told me that the better one will wait for you in the later.

1'33
Graduating from a university and majoring in ph., white is a man worked as

the fishing guider in the world best fishing place, which is not a place

for amature. One day, two man come for fishing who is in a new fishing suit

. they are the tycoon in hedge fund industry.

1'25
White is the guider of the tycoon, after the fishing days, tycoon can fish

a 25 feet big fish, and he was very happy. They talked about the fish and

life during the days.

after that tycoon told white he will sent him seme books, and after read

all of them , they would have a interviw. tycoon do this because he think

that w is a cleaver guy.  w read all the books, but he still noe sure

whether he konw all of the information.

Finally, he got the lucritive job. And it just like a lottery day for him.


1'44
working with a high salary, W met problems, and learned a lot. The company made a 7B$ during W working there. After that his boss suggest him to have a MBA class in the Havored, and it really a big opportunity for a guy from a remote place. But he miss the wood and fishing, he wanted to find the balance between make money and interest. So, he went back to fish, and also a new venture. he said that, he had learn a MBA class during the past time, he know how the write a contract and how negotiate.

Recently, he found a place near the place where he always fishing to operate a hotel.

1'50
He persuwade the tycoon to invest the hotel, and they invest 5m$ in that hotel.Druing the constraction, W was kidnapped, fortunaly, he escapted. in order to keep safe, now he feed a German Sheperd, a big boy to protect him.

The hotel is very popular since lack of competation and good fishing service. But own a hotel is just a part of W's dream, he also want to do more, such as TV show about fishing.

He is making a new plan now. Anyway, you make your dream


6'
真是形而上的咚咚啊~~第一遍看完非常模糊 又看了第二遍才能写回忆，真心羡慕嫉妒 Olina 和MS
Historical Material
HM is a methodological approach to study the society, economica and history,  first articulated by KM. It looks for the reason of the society, economy, and human relationship.
Key ideas:
people need to survive and continue live from generation to generation. SO, they need materials. Thus, the development of society and economy, as well as different production relationships.

economiy lead to the labor distribution, so, different stage and class take live on various job.

other writer analysis the differnt relationship among the slave period, feudal society and capitalism society.

Five principles are determined by the HM:
1 human society is based on how human work for materials
2 the devision of class depend on who owned the property
3 the system of class division is dependen on the mode of production
4 the mode of production is depended on the level of the productive
5 one stage will emergy, and finally overthrowing the older one.

M also said that: the idology is dependen on the society enviroment. and as the production expend, new controdition produced lead to new idology, then, revolution.

The whole theory looks try to tell us that the development of the human is a nature and destinate process.


马克思主义！！ 哈哈，谢饭饭，让我进一步了解了一直以来最不爱学的课程~~

cleotina

先请个病假，回头补上

-- by 会员 猫咪团团 (2012/7/1 17:32:45)

早日康复哦