我不会直接在1L贴附件饿……贴在这里吧~~ 1.T-7-Q23-Q25企业新产品开发对市场供求的影响Companies that must determine well好卖的产品产量太少，难卖的产品 in advance of the selling season how产量又太大。 many unites of a new product to manu- Line facture often underproduce products (5) that sell well and have overstocks of others. The increased incidence in这种供求矛盾似乎很讽刺，因为 recent years of mismatches between消费者购买模式的数据趋于精确， production and demand seems ironic,弹性生产又允许小量商品的生产。 since point-of-sale scanners have (10) improved data on consumers’ buying patterns and since flexible manufacturing has enabled companies to 24 produce, cost-effectively, small quantities of goods. This type of弹性生产导致美国每年新产品 (15) manufacturing has greatly increased大量增加。但是频繁引入新产品 the number of new products introduced有两个消极的副作用。 annually in the United States. However, frequent introductions of new products have two problematic side effects. For 一方面产品平均寿命缩短；它 (20) one, they reduce the average lifetime of们既不处于初期（难以预计）， products; more of them are neither at the也不处于末期（库存昂贵）。 beginning of their life (when prediction is difficult) or at the end of their life (when keeping inventory is expen- (25) sive because the products will soon become obsolete). For another, as另一方面，随着新产品泛滥， new products proliferate, demand is需求在增加的库存单位内分配 divided among a growing number of stock-keeping units (SKU’s). Even虽然厂商和零售商有些把握预 (30) though manufacturers and retailers can计准确的累积总需求，但他们 forecast aggregate demand with some难以准确预计这些需求在众多 certainty, forecasting accurately how库存单位内如何分配。 that demand will be distributed among the many SKU’s they sell is difficult. (35) For example, a company may be able例如，一家公司可能可以准确 to estimate accurately the aggregate估计鞋子总售量，但它不确定 number of shoes it will sell, but it may哪种鞋子会卖更多，哪种鞋子 be uncertain about which specific会卖更少。 types of shoes will sell more than other types. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Q23: Which of the following most accurately describes the function of the last sentence in thepassage (lines 35-40)? A. To cite a situation in which the aggregate demand is more important than the distribution of demand among SKU’s B. To refute an assertion about the side effects of flexible manufacturing C. To illustrate an assertion about companies’ ability to forecast demand D. To provide an example of ways in which companies address the difficulties offorecasting demand E. To note an exception to the author’s assertion about distributing demand am-ongSKU’s Q24: The passage suggests which of the following about divided demand among a growingnumber of SKU’s? A. It has increased the average lifetime of products. B. It has resulted from retailer’s attempts to predict demand more accurately andavoid both understocks and overstocks. C. It has decreased the use of flexible manufacturing by companies. D. It has not increased the expense of keeping inventory of certain products. E. It has not prevented companies from predicting aggregate demand with somecertainty.
Q25: According to the passage, which of the following has led to growth in the number of new products introduced in the United States each year?
Reduced average lifetime of products
Increased ability to forecast aggregate demand
More cost-effective ways of keeping inventory for products
Cost-effective production of small quantities of goods
Increased ability to divide demand among a number of SKU’s and to forecast how that demand will be distributed among those SKU’s
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发表于 2011-6-16 20:56:11
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