5.28狗狗，求认养

Pudgysphere

超新星爆发这篇以为有考古，仔细一看发现不一样。。

不过常识来看，超新星爆发有几种结果：比如说白矮星，中子星，黑洞等，楼主的文章应该是属于中子星一类。
形成中子星说明之前的爆发的恒星体积和质量非常大，爆破时巨大的能量导致之后组成恒星的物质的原子核破裂形成质子和电子；质子和电子在强大的万有引力的作用下结合形成中子，最后所有的中子挤在一起形成中子星。中子星的密度非常大 大约有10的10次方千克每立方厘米这个数量级的密度，旋转周期也非常快每秒可以转几十周，因为如此强烈的旋转导致不断向外发射脉冲射电波，一般此种电波都属于r射线。。。


期待待准确的考古中~

-- by 会员 zliycdr (2010/5/28 15:43:23)

不好意思，刚刚病急乱投医，跑到新东方又转了一圈，被告知天价VIP，我无语了...
我看到后来你知道答案，就不说了。
弱问一句，怎么考古？

-- by 会员 Pudgysphere (2010/5/28 19:51:05)

有人会来考古的 没有的话上述可以作为背景资料 虽然其实帮助也不大

-- by 会员 zliycdr (2010/5/28 22:04:04)

我同学也养了两只，我超喜欢的！！！她那俩是一对，一个叫扁扁，一个叫长长。扁扁就是趴在手上时会看起来像个肉饼一样扁扁的～可爱死了～你那只起名字了吗？

忽然忘了解脱

Orchid的进化
版本1. ForeverDark750

第一句话是从在琥珀中发现的蜜蜂化石尾部提炼出来的远古时期的花粉证明了orchid这种植物在恐龙灭绝之前就已存在，整篇文章就是谈这种植物在啥时候进化出来。最后一句话印象也比较深刻，除了一道题，就是讲这个发现很难得，因为（合理推断的，也是我选的这题的答案）适合orchid生长的气候下很难.....（具体很难怎样不敢肯定，还是不要误导大家）

版本二、edmundshi730

讲一个orchid（一种远古植物）化石发现的价值的

第一段：说人们在一个有蜜蜂的琥珀化石里发现了orchid的花粉。然后作者说这个发现有意义，证明了orchid可能在恐龙之前就出现了。最后的结语说大家对此有争论，这句就是为后面展开的。

第二段：开始讲争论。有人说不能证明，然后给出原因。作者再对此论断评价，为负评价。

第三段：讲正评价，最后说那个化石很难得，因为适合该植物成长的地方温度和湿度都不利于化石的形成。（有题，就是问可以infer什么）

题目：只记得两题了：

(1)Main Idea:选：介绍一个发现，并说明该发现的一些意义。介绍第一段时提到过

(2)Inference  正解应该是：适合该植物成长的地方温度和湿度都不利于化石的形成，出题点在第三段

版本三、750分nn

The passage began by saying that people believed orchid originated around 10million years ago, but a recently found pollen contained in a bee fossil suggests dates back to 60-80 million years. And suggests that orchid might originated before the extinction of dinasaurs.

The second paragraph and third paragraph emphasized on why it is difficult to date the origin of orchid.

I think one question was asking why it is hard to date orchid. and the other couple of questions aren't very hard. Just go back and look for the evidence.

版本一：

挺难的很长 4段 pollen花粉在一个什么化石上面显示出orchids的历史
第一段说原来的人认为这个兰花的历史是某某年以前

第二段某个研究表现出兰花的历史比想象的长很多。。。
题目1 文章说了什么选discuss a evidence 什么什么的
题目二是说第二段的研究说明了什么应该是说兰花的历史比written的长 written的内容是指第一段对兰花的研究

版本二：

说兰花orchid，说有一个蜜蜂的化石发现了，化石里有花粉，有人推论很早就有兰花了，和恐龙同一时期，但是其他人提出另外的意见，blabla...。最后一段最后一句是说此化石形成条件、花儿开花条件和当地气候成矛盾关系。

版本三

兰花，蜜蜂化石和恐龙那篇，篇幅短，但不简单。有一道定位到最后一段的indicate的题



版本一：
挺难的 很长 4段 pollen花粉 在一个什么化石上面 显示出orchids的历史 第一段说原来的人认为这个兰花的历史是某某年以前 然后第二段 某个研究表现出 兰花的历史比想象的长很多。。。。
题目1 文章说了什么 选discuss a evidence 什么什么的 好像题目二是说第二段的研究说明了什么 应该是说兰花的历史比written的长 written的内容是指第一段对兰花的研究
版本二：
另一个，说兰花orchid，说有一个蜜蜂的化石发现了，化石里有花粉，有人推论很早就有兰花了，和恐龙同一时期，但是其他人提出另外的意见，blabla...。最后一段最后一句是说此化石形成条件、花儿开花条件和当地气候成矛盾关系。
版本三：
第二篇，兰花，蜜蜂化石和恐龙那篇，篇幅短，但不简单。有一道定位到最后一段的indicate的题
四：（更新于15日）
1. Orchid 历史长短的研究（之前jj已有，具体意思没怎么读，大概讲讲我确定的）。
内容 ：第1段是大概说发现了关于Orchid 历史长短研究的新的证据，和dinosaur有关，揭示了orchid历史比之前想象的要长。这段最后一句是与主题题有关的一句话，大概是说这个这个发现对以前关于Orchid 历史长短的debatable有贡献。第二段描述了之前对Orchid历史的debate，“有人说Orchid relative young，while有人claim反驳了，说Orchid widespread presence & diverse species”。后面的段落不太记得了~抱歉~
题目：1. 细节题，题目是问第1段中提到amber&bee&pollen的那句话，作为an example reveal了什么。答案我不确定，就不说了，免得影响大家考场的判断。2.主题题，这个答案应该是包含了开头consider a evidence和debatable的那个选项，重点句在第1段最后一句，那句里直接出现了debatable。3.细节题，问题是 “用什么证据directly反驳了Orchid relative young”，答案应该是在第二段while引导的那句转折里找，是对widespread presence的改写，d答案好像是说“large scale”。 只记得这3题了~（JJ主人710）
五：（更新于22日）
第二篇是兰花那道题
就是前两天一个同学贴出来那一篇改写的，再给大家贴出来 （编者：不好意思我没有时间看英文原文是什么，所以格式很乱大家将就一下）
Orchids date to time of the dinos
Ancient orchid pollen found attached to a bee trapped in amber suggests the "supermodels of the plant world" were blooming at the time of the dinosaurs.
The discovery indicates that orchids arose between 76 and 84 million years ago, making them far older than experts had previously thought.
Experts used the fossil pollen grains to estimate the ages of major branches of orchids living today.
Details of the research by a team in the US are published in Nature journal.
Despite being the most diverse plant group on Earth, orchids are rare finds in the fossil record.
The authors of the Nature paper describe a mass of orchid pollen found stuck to the body of an extinct bee that lived 15-20 million years ago.
The remains of the bee were trapped and preserved in amber from the Dominican Republic.
Common ancestor Dating the fossil allowed lead researcher Santiago Ramirez to calibrate a "molecular clock" which uses mutations, or changes, in the plants' DNA to estimate the time of divergence between living organisms.
By building a "family tree" of orchids, the scientists could move back in time to see when the species first appeared, as well as where and how it spread.
They found that the most recent common ancestor of all modern-day orchids lived in the twilight of the dinosaurs, during the Late Cretaceous period.
"It is the first identifiable fossil orchid ever found," Mr Ramirez said.
"And it is the first case in which an insect-orchid interaction has been observed in the fossil record."
The new orchid species, identified from the morphology of the pollen, has been dubbed Meliorchis caribea.
The age of the first orchids has proven a controversial topic. Previous estimates have ranged from 26 to 110 million years ago.
The Orchidaceae family is the largest in the plant kingdom, numbering at least 25,000 species.
By building a "family tree" of orchids, the scientists could move back in time to see when the species first appeared, as well as where and how it spread.
They found that the most recent common ancestor of all modern-day orchids lived in the twilight of the dinosaurs, during the Late Cretaceous period.
"It is the first identifiable fossil orchid ever found," Mr Ramirez said.
"And it is the first case in which an insect-orchid interaction has been observed in the fossil record."
The new orchid species, identified from the morphology of the pollen, has been dubbed Meliorchis caribea.
The age of the first orchids has proven a controversial topic. Previous estimates have ranged from 26 to 110 million years ago.
The Orchidaceae family is the largest in the plant kingdom, numbering at least 25,000 species.
改写后的文章有三段，第一段说新发现的兰花花粉化石也许可以证明兰花的历史比人们想象中长得多，第二段说兰花历史的长短长久以来就是一个争论不休的问题，有些人认为它的历史比较短，是因为什么什么（不难，但是不记得了），认为兰花历史长的人是因为兰花现在分布很广泛，品种非常多样化。第三段说这个兰花的化石也许可以证明…………（不记得了，但是这句话有考题）。然后就是这种兰花花粉化石非常稀有，因为它存在的年代地球的温度和湿度不适合它开花……题目也不难，但是非常绕，有两道题是这样的，一个问说，文章中引用了一些证据，这些证据可以说明兰花的历史非常长，认为这些证据确实可信的人会有如下那个想法；二， 有些人认识兰花的历史很短，并且用什么什么说明，但有些人不同意，并用下面的哪一个反驳？狂晕啊，这两道题都在问一件事，就是觉得兰花历史长的人怎么想…… （JJ主人740）

zliycdr

一只两千万年前受困于多明尼加琥珀中的蜜蜂身上的花粉块pollinia，改写了兰花的演化史。

This bee, preserved in amber, carries pollen of Meliorchis caribea , the first confirmed fossil orchid known to science. The discovery allowed researchers to calculate when the orchid family originated (Image: Santiago Ramirez) This bee, preserved in amber, carries pollen of Meliorchis caribea , the first confirmed fossil orchid known to science. The discovery allowed researchers to calculate when the orchid family originated (Image: Santiago Ramirez)

哈佛大学生物学家在日前刊登的研究报告中指出，现代兰花最早的共同祖先，可追溯至八千万年前恐龙生存的白垩纪末期，让一世纪以来有关于兰花起源的辩论为之平息。

让恐龙灭绝的因素，可能帮了兰花一把。哈佛研究员拉米雷斯领导的研究团队说，兰花在恐龙全数灭绝后，开始大量遍布地球。

拉米雷斯在「自然」期刊中撰文指出，在多明尼加共和国琥珀中所发现的一只蜜蜂背上，发现兰花的花粉块，这只两千万年前的蜜蜂被兰花吸引后，永远被困在一块琥珀内部。

拉米雷斯告诉法新社：「这是首度发现可辨识的兰花化石，也是观察化石纪录中，首度发现昆虫与兰花互动。」

这个新种兰花经DNA辨识后，命名为Meliorchis caribbean。鉴定出这块化石的年代之后，科学家便可应用现代兰花族谱，利用DNA变异估算生物体分歧时间点的「分子时钟」，追溯推断这些兰花的始祖究竟是多久以前出现。

Fossilised orchid pollen on a bee preserved in amber is the first evidence that these delicate flowers existed around the time of the dinosaurs, US researchers say. Fossilised orchid pollen on a bee preserved in amber is the first evidence that these delicate flowers existed around the time of the dinosaurs, US researchers say.
Biologists at Harvard University say the ancient pollen, found in a clump on a now-extinct worker bee, means orchids are much older than once thought. Biologists at Harvard University say the ancient pollen, found in a clump on a now-extinct worker bee, means orchids are much older than once thought.
They say the orchid family is up to 80 million years old, rather than as young as 26 million years old, as some people estimate. They say the orchid family is up to 80 million years old, rather than as young as 26 million years old, as some people estimate.
Orchids are the largest and most diverse plant family on earth. But they have been absent from the fossil record, says researcher Santiago Ramirez, whose study appears today in the journal Nature . Orchids are the largest and most diverse plant family on earth. But they have been absent from the fossil record, says researcher Santiago Ramirez, whose study appears today in the journal Nature .
This is because they bloom infrequently and they tend to live in tropical places where humidity and heat prevent them fossilising. This is because they bloom infrequently and they tend to live in tropical places where humidity and heat prevent them fossilising.
But Ramirez and colleagues had better luck with their sample of orchid pollen, as it was preserved in amber along with the insect that carried it. But Ramirez and colleagues had better luck with their sample of orchid pollen, as it was preserved in amber along with the insect that carried it.
The amber-encased bee carrying the ancient pollen was first discovered in the Dominican Republic by a private collector in 2000. The amber-encased bee carrying the ancient pollen was first discovered in the Dominican Republic by a private collector in 2000.
It made its way to Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology in 2005. It made its way to Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology in 2005.
The bee dates to 15-20 million years old, the researchers say, and carries structures called pollinia, which orchids use to package their pollen.

The researchers then analysed the pollen's DNA and, using the molecular-clock method of DNA analysis, estimated the age of the orchid family. The researchers then analysed the pollen's DNA and, using the molecular-clock method of DNA analysis, estimated the age of the orchid family.

They put that date to about 80 million years ago, the age of the most recent common ancestor to all modern orchids. They put that date to about 80 million years ago, the age of the most recent common ancestor to all modern orchids.

It would have lived in the twilight of the dinosaurs, in the Late Cretaceous period. It would have lived in the twilight of the dinosaurs, in the Late Cretaceous period.

The dinosaurs' extinction is thought to have occurred about 65 million years ago, after which the flowers spread dramatically across the globe. The dinosaurs' extinction is thought to have occurred about 65 million years ago, after which the flowers spread dramatically across the globe.

The Orchidaceae family is now the largest in the plant kingdom, numbering at least 25,000 species. The Orchidaceae family is now the largest in the plant kingdom, numbering at least 25,000 species.

Ramirez says the find not only helps resolve a debate over the age of the orchid but it provides the first direct evidence of ancient pollination. Ramirez says the find not only helps resolve a debate over the age of the orchid but it provides the first direct evidence of ancient pollination.

"This is one of the first fossil observations in which you can find both the pollinator and the plant together," he says. "This is one of the first fossil observations in which you can find both the pollinator and the plant together," he says.

Pudgysphere

顶考古大户忽然MM～你家小胖果然可爱！

我只猜到是一种花，原来是兰花，呵呵～看来是拼写记错了...

我看了一下，你们的狗狗是讲兰花的，但是我考到的那篇是讲蜜蜂的，除了采兰花蜜和花粉，就没什么关系了...

忽然忘了解脱

5555555555555555555555LZ，你的意思是~~~不是这篇对不？！~~~

Pudgysphere

额....确实不是这篇...

忽然忘了解脱

噢~GOSH~~~

考古中的蜜蜂们我都觉得不太靠谱~~~谢谢LZ~~~热心回答我的问题~~~鞠躬！！！